Gerontology Primary Care
NR 568 Week 8 Final Exam with
correct answers and explanations
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, 1.
How does hormone therapy aid osteoporosis?
Answer: Estrogen therapy decreases bone resorption and helps maintain bone density.
Explanation: Estrogen slows osteoclast activity, reducing bone loss after menopause and lowering fracture risk.
2. When should progestin be used for hormone replacement therapy?
Answer: Progestin should be used in women with an intact uterus.
Explanation: Estrogen alone can overstimulate the endometrium, increasing the risk of endometrial cancer. Progestin protects the
uterine lining.
3. When should progestin NOT be used for hormone replacement therapy?
Answer: Progestin is not needed after hysterectomy.
Explanation: Without a uterus, there is no risk of endometrial hyperplasia from estrogen therapy.
4. When should local estrogen be used?
Answer: Local estrogen is used for vaginal dryness, itching, and painful intercourse.
Explanation: Vaginal estrogen delivers medication directly to affected tissues with minimal systemic effects.
5. When should systemic estrogen be used?
Answer: Systemic estrogen is used for hot flashes, night sweats, and osteoporosis prevention.
Explanation: Systemic therapy treats whole-body menopausal symptoms rather than just local vaginal symptoms.
6. What is the purpose of peri-menopausal estrogen therapy?
Answer: To reduce vasomotor symptoms and regulate menstrual changes.
Explanation: Estrogen stabilizes hormonal fluctuations occurring during the transition to menopause.
7. Which form of estrogen therapy has fewer ADRs?
Answer: Transdermal estrogen patches.
Explanation: Transdermal delivery bypasses first-pass liver metabolism, lowering risks such as clot formation.
8. What medication is used for osteoporosis, osteopenia, and HRT?
Answer: Raloxifene.
Explanation: Raloxifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that improves bone density without stimulating breast or
uterine tissue.
9. How to change patient from one OC to another?
Answer: Start the new pack immediately after finishing the old pack.
Explanation: No gap prevents ovulation and maintains contraceptive protection.
10. When is the best time in cycle to start new OC?
Answer: First day of menses or first Sunday after menstruation starts.
Explanation: Starting during menstruation ensures the patient is not pregnant and provides quicker contraceptive effectiveness.