NUR 2392:MDC 2: Module 10:NUR 2392 MDC 2 Module 10: Latest Updated Solution

What is the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes in terms of pathophysiology and treatment? o Type 1 is an autoimmune destruction of beta cells, leading to no insulin production; treatment always involves insulin. o Type 2 involves insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency; treatment includes lifestyle changes, oral agents, and sometimes insulin. How is insulin administered and monitored in clinical settings? o Insulin is administered via subcutaneous injections, insulin pens, pumps, or IV (for emergencies); blood glucose levels are monitored through SMBG or CGM. What are the symptoms and nursing interventions for hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia? o Hypoglycemia symptoms: shakiness, sweating, confusion; interventions: rapid carbs (juice, glucose tablets). o Hyperglycemia symptoms: polyuria, dehydration, blurred vision; interventions: insulin, hydration, glucose monitoring. How can the nurse support clients with diabetes in self-managing their condition? o Education on medication use, blood glucose monitoring, diet, exercise, foot care, and recognizing complications.2 What are the long-term complications of diabetes, and how can they be prevented? o Microvascular (retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy) and macrovascular (cardiovascular disease); prevented through good glycemic control, blood pressure, lipids, and lifestyle modifications. How does culture, health literacy, or access to care influence diabetes outcomes? o These factors affect understanding of self-care, adherence to treatment, and early detection/treatment of complications. Tailoring education and improving access can improve outcomes