NCLEX-RN NGN Practice Questions with
Rationales100% correct
Fundamentals of Nursing Practice Exam
73 Questions | With Correct Answers & Rationales
Question 1
A 72-year-old female patient with a history of type 2 diabetes and hypertension was admitted to the
medical-surgical unit due to a minor stroke. On assessment, the nurse noted generalized skin
dryness, particularly on the arms, legs, and face. Which of the following nursing interventions should
the nurse consider when addressing the patient's skin dryness? Select all that apply.
A. Consult the dietitian about increasing the patient's fat intake, and take necessary measures to
prevent infection.
B. Use hypoallergenic soap when bathing the patient. ✓ CORRECT ANSWER
C. Encourage the patient to drink at least 2 liters of water per day. ✓ CORRECT ANSWER
D. Coordinate with the physician to refer the patient to a dermatologist.
E. Replace hospital-issued gowns with home-laundered ones.
F. Frequently apply a hydrating lotion to the patient's skin. ✓ CORRECT ANSWER
G. Offer the patient warm tea thrice daily.
Rationale:
Using hypoallergenic soap prevents further irritation and drying of the skin. Drinking adequate water assists in
maintaining skin hydration. Applying a hydrating lotion helps seal in moisture. These interventions directly
address the root cause of skin dryness and promote skin integrity.
Question 2
A 68-year-old male patient was admitted to the cardiac unit following a recent myocardial infarction.
The patient has a history of chronic venous insufficiency in both lower extremities. The charge nurse
advises using long, firm strokes from the distal to the proximal areas when washing the patient's
extremities. The primary reason for this technique is to:
A. Facilitate thorough examination and skin assessment.
B. Prevent musculoskeletal injuries for the nurse during the procedure.
C. Enhance venous blood return and reduce the risk of venous stasis. ✓ CORRECT
ANSWER
Page 1 of 25
, D. Induce vasoconstriction, thereby augmenting peripheral circulation.
E. Stimulate the lymphatic system and reduce potential edema.
F. Offer therapeutic touch, which can calm the patient.
Rationale:
Massaging or washing the extremities from distal to proximal promotes venous blood return towards the heart,
which is especially important for patients with venous insufficiency. This technique counteracts gravity and
reduces the risk of venous stasis.
Question 3
Vivid dreaming occurs in which stage of sleep?
A. Stage I non-REM
B. Rapid eye movement (REM) stage ✓ CORRECT ANSWER
C. Stage II non-REM
D. Delta stage
Rationale:
REM sleep is characterised by deep sleep, depressed muscle tone, and possibly irregular heart and
respiratory rates. It is the stage associated with vivid dreaming, usually starting 90 minutes after falling asleep.
Question 4
The natural sedative in meat and milk products (especially warm milk) that can help induce sleep
is:
A. Flurazepam
B. Temazepam
C. Methotrimeprazine
D. Tryptophan ✓ CORRECT ANSWER
Rationale:
Tryptophan is a natural sedative found in protein foods such as milk. It is a precursor to serotonin and
melatonin. Flurazepam, temazepam, and methotrimeprazine are all pharmaceutical hypnotic sedatives.
Question 5
Nursing interventions that can help the patient to relax and sleep restfully include all of the following
EXCEPT:
A. Have the patient take a 30- to 60-minute nap in the afternoon. ✓ CORRECT ANSWER
B. Turn on the television in the patient's room.
Page 2 of 25
, C. Provide quiet music and interesting reading material.
D. Massage the patient's back with long strokes.
Rationale:
Napping in the afternoon is not conducive to nighttime sleeping. Insomniacs are cautioned to avoid naps. Quiet
music, television, reading, and back massage typically relax the patient and help them fall asleep.
Question 6
Restraints can be used for all of the following purposes EXCEPT to:
A. Prevent a confused patient from removing tubes, such as feeding tubes, I.V. lines, and
urinarycatheters.
B. Prevent a patient from falling out of bed or a chair.
C. Discourage a patient from attempting to ambulate alone when he requires assistance for
hissafety.
D. Prevent a patient from becoming confused or disoriented. ✓ CORRECT ANSWER
Rationale:
By restricting movement, restraints may increase stress and actually lead to confusion rather than prevent it.
Restraints are used as a last resort and are not intended to prevent confusion.
Question 7
Which of the following is the nurse's legal responsibility when applying restraints?
A. Document the patient's behavior.
B. Document the type of restraint used.
C. Obtain a written order from the physician except in an emergency when the patient must
beprotected from injury to himself or others.
D. All of the above. ✓ CORRECT ANSWER
Rationale:
The nurse must document the behavior that prompted restraint use, document the type of restraints used, and
obtain a physician's written order. In emergencies, nurses may apply restraints without prior consent when a
serious threat of harm exists.
Question 8
Kubler-Ross's five successive stages of death and dying are:
A. Anger, bargaining, denial, depression, acceptance
B. Denial, anger, depression, bargaining, acceptance
Page 3 of 25
Rationales100% correct
Fundamentals of Nursing Practice Exam
73 Questions | With Correct Answers & Rationales
Question 1
A 72-year-old female patient with a history of type 2 diabetes and hypertension was admitted to the
medical-surgical unit due to a minor stroke. On assessment, the nurse noted generalized skin
dryness, particularly on the arms, legs, and face. Which of the following nursing interventions should
the nurse consider when addressing the patient's skin dryness? Select all that apply.
A. Consult the dietitian about increasing the patient's fat intake, and take necessary measures to
prevent infection.
B. Use hypoallergenic soap when bathing the patient. ✓ CORRECT ANSWER
C. Encourage the patient to drink at least 2 liters of water per day. ✓ CORRECT ANSWER
D. Coordinate with the physician to refer the patient to a dermatologist.
E. Replace hospital-issued gowns with home-laundered ones.
F. Frequently apply a hydrating lotion to the patient's skin. ✓ CORRECT ANSWER
G. Offer the patient warm tea thrice daily.
Rationale:
Using hypoallergenic soap prevents further irritation and drying of the skin. Drinking adequate water assists in
maintaining skin hydration. Applying a hydrating lotion helps seal in moisture. These interventions directly
address the root cause of skin dryness and promote skin integrity.
Question 2
A 68-year-old male patient was admitted to the cardiac unit following a recent myocardial infarction.
The patient has a history of chronic venous insufficiency in both lower extremities. The charge nurse
advises using long, firm strokes from the distal to the proximal areas when washing the patient's
extremities. The primary reason for this technique is to:
A. Facilitate thorough examination and skin assessment.
B. Prevent musculoskeletal injuries for the nurse during the procedure.
C. Enhance venous blood return and reduce the risk of venous stasis. ✓ CORRECT
ANSWER
Page 1 of 25
, D. Induce vasoconstriction, thereby augmenting peripheral circulation.
E. Stimulate the lymphatic system and reduce potential edema.
F. Offer therapeutic touch, which can calm the patient.
Rationale:
Massaging or washing the extremities from distal to proximal promotes venous blood return towards the heart,
which is especially important for patients with venous insufficiency. This technique counteracts gravity and
reduces the risk of venous stasis.
Question 3
Vivid dreaming occurs in which stage of sleep?
A. Stage I non-REM
B. Rapid eye movement (REM) stage ✓ CORRECT ANSWER
C. Stage II non-REM
D. Delta stage
Rationale:
REM sleep is characterised by deep sleep, depressed muscle tone, and possibly irregular heart and
respiratory rates. It is the stage associated with vivid dreaming, usually starting 90 minutes after falling asleep.
Question 4
The natural sedative in meat and milk products (especially warm milk) that can help induce sleep
is:
A. Flurazepam
B. Temazepam
C. Methotrimeprazine
D. Tryptophan ✓ CORRECT ANSWER
Rationale:
Tryptophan is a natural sedative found in protein foods such as milk. It is a precursor to serotonin and
melatonin. Flurazepam, temazepam, and methotrimeprazine are all pharmaceutical hypnotic sedatives.
Question 5
Nursing interventions that can help the patient to relax and sleep restfully include all of the following
EXCEPT:
A. Have the patient take a 30- to 60-minute nap in the afternoon. ✓ CORRECT ANSWER
B. Turn on the television in the patient's room.
Page 2 of 25
, C. Provide quiet music and interesting reading material.
D. Massage the patient's back with long strokes.
Rationale:
Napping in the afternoon is not conducive to nighttime sleeping. Insomniacs are cautioned to avoid naps. Quiet
music, television, reading, and back massage typically relax the patient and help them fall asleep.
Question 6
Restraints can be used for all of the following purposes EXCEPT to:
A. Prevent a confused patient from removing tubes, such as feeding tubes, I.V. lines, and
urinarycatheters.
B. Prevent a patient from falling out of bed or a chair.
C. Discourage a patient from attempting to ambulate alone when he requires assistance for
hissafety.
D. Prevent a patient from becoming confused or disoriented. ✓ CORRECT ANSWER
Rationale:
By restricting movement, restraints may increase stress and actually lead to confusion rather than prevent it.
Restraints are used as a last resort and are not intended to prevent confusion.
Question 7
Which of the following is the nurse's legal responsibility when applying restraints?
A. Document the patient's behavior.
B. Document the type of restraint used.
C. Obtain a written order from the physician except in an emergency when the patient must
beprotected from injury to himself or others.
D. All of the above. ✓ CORRECT ANSWER
Rationale:
The nurse must document the behavior that prompted restraint use, document the type of restraints used, and
obtain a physician's written order. In emergencies, nurses may apply restraints without prior consent when a
serious threat of harm exists.
Question 8
Kubler-Ross's five successive stages of death and dying are:
A. Anger, bargaining, denial, depression, acceptance
B. Denial, anger, depression, bargaining, acceptance
Page 3 of 25
