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D664 The Ultimate Study Guide for OA
Learners and Learning Science (Western Governors University)
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THE BRAIN
🧠 Major Parts of the Brain and Their Functions
Brain Part Function(s) Role in Learning
Brainstem ontrols basic life functions like breathing,
C eeps students alive,
K
heart rate, sleep alert, and functioning
Cerebellum C
oordinates movement, balance, and motor Important for
control handwriting, sports,
focus, routines
imbic
L ontrols emotion, motivation, and memory
C egulatesemotional
R
System (includes amygdala, hippocampus) learningand memory
Cerebrum argest brain area; handles thinking,
L ll high-level thinking
A
problem-solving, and perception happens here
refrontal
P ocated at the front of the cerebrum;
L rucial for learning,
C
Cortex manages executive functions like planning, attention, and
decision-making, and impulse control behavior
ippocampu P
H art of the limbic system; stores and elps move
H
s processes memory information into
long-term memory
Amygdala lso in the limbic system; processes
A ffectsemotional
A
emotions, especially fear and stress response to learning
🧠💡 Key Concept: Executive Function (EF)
Located mainly in theprefrontal cortex, EF includes:
● Attention control
Downloaded by Benjamin Luca ()
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● orking memory
W
● Planning & goal-setting
● Emotional regulation
● Impulse control
hy it matters:If a student’s EF is weak (e.g., dueto ADHD, trauma, or
W
underdevelopment), they may struggle with focus, organization, and managing
emotions.
● Two major processes help the brain grow:
○ Myelination: Insulation that helps brain signals movefaster.
○ Pruning: Eliminates unused neural connections to boostefficiency
🧠🎯 Quick Summary
Function Type Brain Region What It Does in Learning
Survival Brainstem Keeps brain and body working
Movement Cerebellum ffects balance, coordination,
A
attention
motion &
E imbic system (Amygdala,
L Regulates emotions & memory
memory Hippocampus)
Thinking Cerebrum andles reading, writing,
H
problem-solving
Planning/Focus Prefrontal Cortex anages behavior, decisions,
M
focus, learning
👩🏫 Final BRAIN Takeaway for Educators
. T
1 he brain learns best when students feel safe.
2. Emotion affects cognition—addressing social-emotionalneeds is not optional.
3. Memory needs support—use repetition, practice, andemotional connection.
Downloaded by Benjamin Luca ()
, lOMoARcPSD|51648332
4. Executive functions must be taught—like any other skill.
Memory tricks forWHERE the parts of the brain arelocated on a diagram
a. Cerebrum- the ThinkingCAP– located at theTop/ cap
b. Prefrontal cortex- preFRONTal – located atthe front
c. Brainstem- Imagine theSTEMof a flower
d. Cerebellum- bell-um ~ bott-om ~ the Butt
e. Limbic system- think inLIMBO- in the middle
Downloaded by Benjamin Luca ()
D664 The Ultimate Study Guide for OA
Learners and Learning Science (Western Governors University)
Scan to open on Studocu
Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university
Downloaded by Benjamin Luca ()
, lOMoARcPSD|51648332
THE BRAIN
🧠 Major Parts of the Brain and Their Functions
Brain Part Function(s) Role in Learning
Brainstem ontrols basic life functions like breathing,
C eeps students alive,
K
heart rate, sleep alert, and functioning
Cerebellum C
oordinates movement, balance, and motor Important for
control handwriting, sports,
focus, routines
imbic
L ontrols emotion, motivation, and memory
C egulatesemotional
R
System (includes amygdala, hippocampus) learningand memory
Cerebrum argest brain area; handles thinking,
L ll high-level thinking
A
problem-solving, and perception happens here
refrontal
P ocated at the front of the cerebrum;
L rucial for learning,
C
Cortex manages executive functions like planning, attention, and
decision-making, and impulse control behavior
ippocampu P
H art of the limbic system; stores and elps move
H
s processes memory information into
long-term memory
Amygdala lso in the limbic system; processes
A ffectsemotional
A
emotions, especially fear and stress response to learning
🧠💡 Key Concept: Executive Function (EF)
Located mainly in theprefrontal cortex, EF includes:
● Attention control
Downloaded by Benjamin Luca ()
, lOMoARcPSD|51648332
● orking memory
W
● Planning & goal-setting
● Emotional regulation
● Impulse control
hy it matters:If a student’s EF is weak (e.g., dueto ADHD, trauma, or
W
underdevelopment), they may struggle with focus, organization, and managing
emotions.
● Two major processes help the brain grow:
○ Myelination: Insulation that helps brain signals movefaster.
○ Pruning: Eliminates unused neural connections to boostefficiency
🧠🎯 Quick Summary
Function Type Brain Region What It Does in Learning
Survival Brainstem Keeps brain and body working
Movement Cerebellum ffects balance, coordination,
A
attention
motion &
E imbic system (Amygdala,
L Regulates emotions & memory
memory Hippocampus)
Thinking Cerebrum andles reading, writing,
H
problem-solving
Planning/Focus Prefrontal Cortex anages behavior, decisions,
M
focus, learning
👩🏫 Final BRAIN Takeaway for Educators
. T
1 he brain learns best when students feel safe.
2. Emotion affects cognition—addressing social-emotionalneeds is not optional.
3. Memory needs support—use repetition, practice, andemotional connection.
Downloaded by Benjamin Luca ()
, lOMoARcPSD|51648332
4. Executive functions must be taught—like any other skill.
Memory tricks forWHERE the parts of the brain arelocated on a diagram
a. Cerebrum- the ThinkingCAP– located at theTop/ cap
b. Prefrontal cortex- preFRONTal – located atthe front
c. Brainstem- Imagine theSTEMof a flower
d. Cerebellum- bell-um ~ bott-om ~ the Butt
e. Limbic system- think inLIMBO- in the middle
Downloaded by Benjamin Luca ()
