MDC2 Exam 1 Review – 2026/2027
1. You are caring for a 68-year-old male client admitted with fever and cough for
several days. He has COPD and diabetes. HR 128 BPM, BP 80/50, dry mucous
membranes, urine output 100 cc all day. Which condition is the patient exhibiting?
A. Hypervolemia
B. Sepsis
C. Hypovolemia
D. Acute renal failure
Answer: C. Hypovolemia
2. A 36-year-old female presents with abdominal pain and diarrhea for 3 days.
Magnesium level is 1.4. Which assessment finding would you expect?
A. Hypotension
B. Bradycardia
C. Trousseau's sign
D. Bone pain
Answer: C. Trousseau's sign
3. A client has CHF and renal failure. Which statement by the client requires further
education of the client to assist the client in avoiding hypervolemia episodes?
A. I will eat foods low in salt
B. I will monitor my weight daily
C. I will eat ham instead of chicken
D. I will go to the ER if I have difficulty breathing
Answer: C. I will eat ham instead of chicken
, 4. A client has a sodium of 131 mEq/L. What does the nurse anticipate the physician
will order?
A. FR
B. Sodium IV Push
C. Free water
D. banana
Answer: A. FR
5. A client has the following ABG results. How does the nurse interpret these results?
pH: 7.45, PaCO2: 50, HCO3: 30
A. fully comp metabolic alkalosis
B. Partially Comp metabolic alkalosis
C. uncomp. Resp alkalosis
D. normal
Answer: A. fully comp metabolic alkalosis
6. A client has the following ABG results. How does the nurse interpret these results?
pH: 7.36, PaCO2: 60, HCO3: 38
A. fully comp metabolic alkalosis
B. Part. Comp metabolic alkalosis
C. fully comp resp acidosis
D. part comp resp acidosis
Answer: C. fully comp resp acidosis
7. A client has the following ABG results. How does the nurse interpret these results?
pH: 7.25, PaCO2: 34, HCO3: 13
A. part comp metabolic acidosis
B. uncomp resp alkalosis
C. normal
D. part comp metabolic alkalosis
Answer: A. part comp metabolic acidosis
1. You are caring for a 68-year-old male client admitted with fever and cough for
several days. He has COPD and diabetes. HR 128 BPM, BP 80/50, dry mucous
membranes, urine output 100 cc all day. Which condition is the patient exhibiting?
A. Hypervolemia
B. Sepsis
C. Hypovolemia
D. Acute renal failure
Answer: C. Hypovolemia
2. A 36-year-old female presents with abdominal pain and diarrhea for 3 days.
Magnesium level is 1.4. Which assessment finding would you expect?
A. Hypotension
B. Bradycardia
C. Trousseau's sign
D. Bone pain
Answer: C. Trousseau's sign
3. A client has CHF and renal failure. Which statement by the client requires further
education of the client to assist the client in avoiding hypervolemia episodes?
A. I will eat foods low in salt
B. I will monitor my weight daily
C. I will eat ham instead of chicken
D. I will go to the ER if I have difficulty breathing
Answer: C. I will eat ham instead of chicken
, 4. A client has a sodium of 131 mEq/L. What does the nurse anticipate the physician
will order?
A. FR
B. Sodium IV Push
C. Free water
D. banana
Answer: A. FR
5. A client has the following ABG results. How does the nurse interpret these results?
pH: 7.45, PaCO2: 50, HCO3: 30
A. fully comp metabolic alkalosis
B. Partially Comp metabolic alkalosis
C. uncomp. Resp alkalosis
D. normal
Answer: A. fully comp metabolic alkalosis
6. A client has the following ABG results. How does the nurse interpret these results?
pH: 7.36, PaCO2: 60, HCO3: 38
A. fully comp metabolic alkalosis
B. Part. Comp metabolic alkalosis
C. fully comp resp acidosis
D. part comp resp acidosis
Answer: C. fully comp resp acidosis
7. A client has the following ABG results. How does the nurse interpret these results?
pH: 7.25, PaCO2: 34, HCO3: 13
A. part comp metabolic acidosis
B. uncomp resp alkalosis
C. normal
D. part comp metabolic alkalosis
Answer: A. part comp metabolic acidosis
