NURS 110: Introduction to Professional Nursing Final Exam 2026
|WCU
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a blood transfusion due to religious
beliefs, even though it is life-saving. The nurse supports the patient’s right to
refuse. Which ethical principle is being demonstrated?
A. Beneficence
B. Justice
C. Autonomy
D. Non-maleficence
Answer: C
Rationale: Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to make their own healthcare decisions
without interference, even if the healthcare provider disagrees with the choice.
2. During the nursing process, which step involves the nurse setting priorities
and establishing measurable patient-centered goals?
A. Planning
B. Assessment
C. Implementation
D. Evaluation
Answer: A
Rationale: The planning phase is where the nurse develops a care plan, prioritizes nursing
diagnoses, and sets SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Time-bound) goals.
,3. Which historical figure is considered the founder of modern nursing and
established the first nursing philosophy based on health maintenance and
restoration?
A. Clara Barton
B. Mary Mahoney
C. Lillian Wald
D. Florence Nightingale
Answer: D
Rationale: Florence Nightingale established the first nursing school and wrote ‘Notes on
Nursing,’ emphasizing hygiene and the environment’s role in health.
4. A nurse administers the wrong medication to a patient, resulting in a severe
allergic reaction. The nurse failed to follow the ‘Rights of Medication
Administration.’ This is an example of:
A. Malpractice
B. Assault
C. Libel
D. False Imprisonment
Answer: A
Rationale: Malpractice is professional negligence that occurs when a nurse’s actions fall
below the standard of care, resulting in injury to the patient.
5. Which nursing theorist developed the ‘Self-Care Deficit Theory,’ suggesting
that nursing is required when an individual is unable to perform self-care?
A. Martha Rogers
B. Jean Watson
C. Dorothea Orem
D. Virginia Henderson
Answer: C
, Rationale: Dorothea Orem’s theory focuses on the patient’s ability to perform self-care and
the nurse’s role in intervening when there is a deficit.
6. The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) initiative identifies which
of the following as a core competency?
A. Evidence-Based Practice
B. Financial Management
C. Surgical Proficiency
D. Legal Advocacy
Answer: A
Rationale: QSEN competencies include Patient-Centered Care, Teamwork and
Collaboration, Evidence-Based Practice, Quality Improvement, Safety, and Informatics.
7. When using the SBAR communication tool, which component involves the
nurse stating what they believe the problem is?
A. Situation
B. Background
C. Recommendation
D. Assessment
Answer: D
Rationale: In SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation), the
‘Assessment’ phase is where the nurse provides their professional conclusion regarding the
patient’s current status.
|WCU
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a blood transfusion due to religious
beliefs, even though it is life-saving. The nurse supports the patient’s right to
refuse. Which ethical principle is being demonstrated?
A. Beneficence
B. Justice
C. Autonomy
D. Non-maleficence
Answer: C
Rationale: Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to make their own healthcare decisions
without interference, even if the healthcare provider disagrees with the choice.
2. During the nursing process, which step involves the nurse setting priorities
and establishing measurable patient-centered goals?
A. Planning
B. Assessment
C. Implementation
D. Evaluation
Answer: A
Rationale: The planning phase is where the nurse develops a care plan, prioritizes nursing
diagnoses, and sets SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Time-bound) goals.
,3. Which historical figure is considered the founder of modern nursing and
established the first nursing philosophy based on health maintenance and
restoration?
A. Clara Barton
B. Mary Mahoney
C. Lillian Wald
D. Florence Nightingale
Answer: D
Rationale: Florence Nightingale established the first nursing school and wrote ‘Notes on
Nursing,’ emphasizing hygiene and the environment’s role in health.
4. A nurse administers the wrong medication to a patient, resulting in a severe
allergic reaction. The nurse failed to follow the ‘Rights of Medication
Administration.’ This is an example of:
A. Malpractice
B. Assault
C. Libel
D. False Imprisonment
Answer: A
Rationale: Malpractice is professional negligence that occurs when a nurse’s actions fall
below the standard of care, resulting in injury to the patient.
5. Which nursing theorist developed the ‘Self-Care Deficit Theory,’ suggesting
that nursing is required when an individual is unable to perform self-care?
A. Martha Rogers
B. Jean Watson
C. Dorothea Orem
D. Virginia Henderson
Answer: C
, Rationale: Dorothea Orem’s theory focuses on the patient’s ability to perform self-care and
the nurse’s role in intervening when there is a deficit.
6. The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) initiative identifies which
of the following as a core competency?
A. Evidence-Based Practice
B. Financial Management
C. Surgical Proficiency
D. Legal Advocacy
Answer: A
Rationale: QSEN competencies include Patient-Centered Care, Teamwork and
Collaboration, Evidence-Based Practice, Quality Improvement, Safety, and Informatics.
7. When using the SBAR communication tool, which component involves the
nurse stating what they believe the problem is?
A. Situation
B. Background
C. Recommendation
D. Assessment
Answer: D
Rationale: In SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation), the
‘Assessment’ phase is where the nurse provides their professional conclusion regarding the
patient’s current status.
