Ultrasonic Testing (UT) Level II – complete study notes and practice material
Of the following sound wave modes, which one has multiple or varying wave velocities?
a. Longitudinal waves
b. Shear waves
c. Transverse waves
d. Lamb waves - ✔✔Lamb waves
Which of the following would be considered application(s) of ultrasonic techniques?
a. Determination of a materials elastic modulus
b. Study of a materials metallurgical structure
c. Measurement of a materials thickness
d. All of the above - ✔✔All of the above
The only significant sound wave mode that will travel through a liquid is:
a. Shear
b. Longitudinal
c. Surface
d. Rayleigh - ✔✔Longitudinal
The acoustic impedance of a material is used to determine the: (Answer with A, B, C, or D)
a. Angle of refraction at an interface
b. Attenuation within the material
c. Relative amounts of sound energy coupled through and reflected at an interface
d. Beam spread within the material - ✔✔C
,When angle beam contact testing a test piece, increasing the incident angle until the second
critical angle is reached results in:
a. Total reflection of a surface wave
b. 45 degree refraction of the shear wave
c. Production of a surface wave
d. None of the above - ✔✔Production of a surface wave
Acoustic energy propagates in different modes. Which of the following represent a mode?
a. Longitudinal wave
b. Shear wave
c. Surface wave
d. All of the above - ✔✔All of the above
The simple experiment where a stick in a glass of water appears disjointed at the water surface
illustrates the phenomenon of:
a. Reflection
b. Magnification
c. Refraction
d. Diffraction - ✔✔Diffraction
The crystal thickness and transducer frequency are related. The thinner the crystal:
a. The lower the frequency
b. The higher the frequency
c. There is no appreciable affect
d. None of the above - ✔✔The higher the frequency
,The random distribution of crystallographic direction in alloys with large crystalline structures is
a factor in determining:
a. Acoustic noise levels
b. Selection of test frequency
c. Scattering of sound
d. All of the above - ✔✔All of the above
The length of the zone adjacent to a transducer in which fluctuations in sound pressure occur is
mostly affected by:
a. The frequency of the transducer
b. The diameter of the transducer
c. The length of transducer cable
d. Both A and B - ✔✔Both A and B
The differences in signals received from identical reflectors at different material distances from a
transducer may be caused by:
a. Material attenuation
b. Beam divergence
c. Near field effects
d. All of the above - ✔✔All of the above
It is possible for a discontinuity smaller than the transducer to produce indications of fluctuating
amplitude as the search unit is moved laterally if testing is being performed in the:
a. Fraunhofer zone
b. Near field
c. Snell field
d. Shadow zone - ✔✔Near field
, In immersion testing, the near field effects of a transducer may be eliminated by:
a. Increasing transducer frequency
b. Using a larger diameter transducer
c. Using an appropriate water path
d. Using a focused transducer - ✔✔Using an appropriate water path
In Figure 1, assuming a uniform beam pattern, what relationship would you expect to exist
between the amplitudes of the reflected laminar signals at positions A and B? (Refer to Google
Docs for Figures)
a. 12 dB difference
b. Equal amplitudes
c. 2 to 1
d. 3 to 1 - ✔✔2 to 1
In the far field of a uniform ultrasonic beam, sound intensity is _______________ the beam
center line.
a. Minimum at
b. Maximum at
c. Maximum throughout twice the angle
d. Not related to orientation of - ✔✔Maximum at
Which of the following may result in a long narrow rod if the beam divergence results in a
reflection from a side of the test piece before the sound wave reaches the back surface?
(Answer with A, B, C, or D)
a. Multiple indications before the first back reflection
b. Indications from multiple surface reflections
c. Conversion from the longitudinal mode to shear mode
Of the following sound wave modes, which one has multiple or varying wave velocities?
a. Longitudinal waves
b. Shear waves
c. Transverse waves
d. Lamb waves - ✔✔Lamb waves
Which of the following would be considered application(s) of ultrasonic techniques?
a. Determination of a materials elastic modulus
b. Study of a materials metallurgical structure
c. Measurement of a materials thickness
d. All of the above - ✔✔All of the above
The only significant sound wave mode that will travel through a liquid is:
a. Shear
b. Longitudinal
c. Surface
d. Rayleigh - ✔✔Longitudinal
The acoustic impedance of a material is used to determine the: (Answer with A, B, C, or D)
a. Angle of refraction at an interface
b. Attenuation within the material
c. Relative amounts of sound energy coupled through and reflected at an interface
d. Beam spread within the material - ✔✔C
,When angle beam contact testing a test piece, increasing the incident angle until the second
critical angle is reached results in:
a. Total reflection of a surface wave
b. 45 degree refraction of the shear wave
c. Production of a surface wave
d. None of the above - ✔✔Production of a surface wave
Acoustic energy propagates in different modes. Which of the following represent a mode?
a. Longitudinal wave
b. Shear wave
c. Surface wave
d. All of the above - ✔✔All of the above
The simple experiment where a stick in a glass of water appears disjointed at the water surface
illustrates the phenomenon of:
a. Reflection
b. Magnification
c. Refraction
d. Diffraction - ✔✔Diffraction
The crystal thickness and transducer frequency are related. The thinner the crystal:
a. The lower the frequency
b. The higher the frequency
c. There is no appreciable affect
d. None of the above - ✔✔The higher the frequency
,The random distribution of crystallographic direction in alloys with large crystalline structures is
a factor in determining:
a. Acoustic noise levels
b. Selection of test frequency
c. Scattering of sound
d. All of the above - ✔✔All of the above
The length of the zone adjacent to a transducer in which fluctuations in sound pressure occur is
mostly affected by:
a. The frequency of the transducer
b. The diameter of the transducer
c. The length of transducer cable
d. Both A and B - ✔✔Both A and B
The differences in signals received from identical reflectors at different material distances from a
transducer may be caused by:
a. Material attenuation
b. Beam divergence
c. Near field effects
d. All of the above - ✔✔All of the above
It is possible for a discontinuity smaller than the transducer to produce indications of fluctuating
amplitude as the search unit is moved laterally if testing is being performed in the:
a. Fraunhofer zone
b. Near field
c. Snell field
d. Shadow zone - ✔✔Near field
, In immersion testing, the near field effects of a transducer may be eliminated by:
a. Increasing transducer frequency
b. Using a larger diameter transducer
c. Using an appropriate water path
d. Using a focused transducer - ✔✔Using an appropriate water path
In Figure 1, assuming a uniform beam pattern, what relationship would you expect to exist
between the amplitudes of the reflected laminar signals at positions A and B? (Refer to Google
Docs for Figures)
a. 12 dB difference
b. Equal amplitudes
c. 2 to 1
d. 3 to 1 - ✔✔2 to 1
In the far field of a uniform ultrasonic beam, sound intensity is _______________ the beam
center line.
a. Minimum at
b. Maximum at
c. Maximum throughout twice the angle
d. Not related to orientation of - ✔✔Maximum at
Which of the following may result in a long narrow rod if the beam divergence results in a
reflection from a side of the test piece before the sound wave reaches the back surface?
(Answer with A, B, C, or D)
a. Multiple indications before the first back reflection
b. Indications from multiple surface reflections
c. Conversion from the longitudinal mode to shear mode
