NSG 2400 EXAM 1 COMPETENCY REVIEW
2026 MOCK TEST COMPLETE KEY INSIGHTS
◉ what is the normal range for adult blood pressure
Answer: 120/80
◉ peripheral resistance
Answer: arterial and capillary resistance to blood flow as a result of
friction between blood and the vessel walls
◉ hypotension
Answer: systolic pressure less than 100mmHg
◉ prehypertension
Answer: BP of 120-139 systolic or 80-89 diastolic, obtained with 2
readings, 6 minutes apart with patient sitting
◉ hypertension
Answer: BP above 140 systolic or 90 diasolic
◉ primary hypertension
Answer: high BP where the cause is unknown
,◉ secondary hypertension
Answer: high blood pressure caused by the effects of another
disease
◉ what is the normal range for adult respirations
Answer: 12-20
◉ apnea
Answer: absence of breathing
◉ dyspnea
Answer: difficulty breathing
◉ orthopnea
Answer: difficulty breathing when lying down
◉ rhonchi
Answer: low-pitched gurgling caused by secretions in large airways;
can often clear with coughing
◉ crackles
, Answer: discontinuous popping sounds heard over inspiration; high-
pitched popping or low-pitched bubbling sounds caused by fluid in
alveoli
◉ stridor
Answer: strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration when an
individual experiences respiratory distress or has an obstructed
airway
◉ stertor
Answer: Labored breathing that produces a snoring sound
◉ factors that affect respirations
Answer: exercise, pain, stress, smoking, fever, hemoglobin, disease,
meds, position, neurological injury
◉ signs of hypoxia
Answer: cyanosis, restlessness, apprehension, confusion, dizziness,
fatigue, decreased level of consciousness, tachycardia, and BP
changes
◉ what is the normal range for adult O2 saturation
Answer: 95% or more
2026 MOCK TEST COMPLETE KEY INSIGHTS
◉ what is the normal range for adult blood pressure
Answer: 120/80
◉ peripheral resistance
Answer: arterial and capillary resistance to blood flow as a result of
friction between blood and the vessel walls
◉ hypotension
Answer: systolic pressure less than 100mmHg
◉ prehypertension
Answer: BP of 120-139 systolic or 80-89 diastolic, obtained with 2
readings, 6 minutes apart with patient sitting
◉ hypertension
Answer: BP above 140 systolic or 90 diasolic
◉ primary hypertension
Answer: high BP where the cause is unknown
,◉ secondary hypertension
Answer: high blood pressure caused by the effects of another
disease
◉ what is the normal range for adult respirations
Answer: 12-20
◉ apnea
Answer: absence of breathing
◉ dyspnea
Answer: difficulty breathing
◉ orthopnea
Answer: difficulty breathing when lying down
◉ rhonchi
Answer: low-pitched gurgling caused by secretions in large airways;
can often clear with coughing
◉ crackles
, Answer: discontinuous popping sounds heard over inspiration; high-
pitched popping or low-pitched bubbling sounds caused by fluid in
alveoli
◉ stridor
Answer: strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration when an
individual experiences respiratory distress or has an obstructed
airway
◉ stertor
Answer: Labored breathing that produces a snoring sound
◉ factors that affect respirations
Answer: exercise, pain, stress, smoking, fever, hemoglobin, disease,
meds, position, neurological injury
◉ signs of hypoxia
Answer: cyanosis, restlessness, apprehension, confusion, dizziness,
fatigue, decreased level of consciousness, tachycardia, and BP
changes
◉ what is the normal range for adult O2 saturation
Answer: 95% or more
