Hypodermic Needle Theory - ANSWER audiences passively receive information from texts
without an attempt to process or challenge it.
Hypodermic Needle Theory- bullet points - ANSWER -text passes into the mass con-
sciousness of the audience unmediated
-audiences are manipulated by the creators and our behavior might be easily changed
-almost like a drug injection of media
Cultivation Theory - ANSWER the more time people spend "living" in the tv world, the
more likely they are to believe the social reality portrayed on television
Cultivation Theory- bullet points - ANSWER -people become desensitized to violence
-media begins to infiltrate into your reality
-people may start to believe that what they see is normal
-attempts to prove that we form views and opinions about people over time
Uses and Gratifications Theory - ANSWER audience members receive mass media prod-
ucts in different ways and use them for different purposes
Uses and Gratifications Theory- who proposed it? - ANSWER -McQuail, Blumler and
Brown outlined 4 purposes as to why people may choose and use a media text
Uses and Gratifications Theory- bullet points - ANSWER -Entertainment... enjoyment, es-
cape from tasks
-Personal Identity... finding yourself reflected in texts, identifying with role models
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, -Education... gain knowledge
-Familiarity... feel part of a community
-Integration... have a topic of conversation
Reception Theory - ANSWER considered how texts were encoded with meaning by pro-
ducers and then decoded by audiences
Reception Theory- who proposed it? - ANSWER Stuart Hall identified 3 types of audience
readings:
-preferred... broadly agrees
-negotiated... accepts and then refines, disinterested
-oppositional... rejected completely due to ideological reasons
Reception Theory- bullet points - ANSWER - encodes a text with a meaning or message
that the producers wish to convey
-audiences may correctly decode
audiences may reject or not understand it
Copycat Theory - ANSWER relates to something which is publicized in the media and cre-
ates a lot of attention resulting in people copying in order to receive the same level or atten-
tion.
Copycat Theory- bullet points - ANSWER -main example is copycat murders and suicides
-people with mental health issues or histories of violence and more susceptible to mimicking
what the see in the media
-film copycat is a film about serial killers that kills a police officer through using techniques
like that of other serial killers.
Semiotic Theory - ANSWER Saussure
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without an attempt to process or challenge it.
Hypodermic Needle Theory- bullet points - ANSWER -text passes into the mass con-
sciousness of the audience unmediated
-audiences are manipulated by the creators and our behavior might be easily changed
-almost like a drug injection of media
Cultivation Theory - ANSWER the more time people spend "living" in the tv world, the
more likely they are to believe the social reality portrayed on television
Cultivation Theory- bullet points - ANSWER -people become desensitized to violence
-media begins to infiltrate into your reality
-people may start to believe that what they see is normal
-attempts to prove that we form views and opinions about people over time
Uses and Gratifications Theory - ANSWER audience members receive mass media prod-
ucts in different ways and use them for different purposes
Uses and Gratifications Theory- who proposed it? - ANSWER -McQuail, Blumler and
Brown outlined 4 purposes as to why people may choose and use a media text
Uses and Gratifications Theory- bullet points - ANSWER -Entertainment... enjoyment, es-
cape from tasks
-Personal Identity... finding yourself reflected in texts, identifying with role models
1
, -Education... gain knowledge
-Familiarity... feel part of a community
-Integration... have a topic of conversation
Reception Theory - ANSWER considered how texts were encoded with meaning by pro-
ducers and then decoded by audiences
Reception Theory- who proposed it? - ANSWER Stuart Hall identified 3 types of audience
readings:
-preferred... broadly agrees
-negotiated... accepts and then refines, disinterested
-oppositional... rejected completely due to ideological reasons
Reception Theory- bullet points - ANSWER - encodes a text with a meaning or message
that the producers wish to convey
-audiences may correctly decode
audiences may reject or not understand it
Copycat Theory - ANSWER relates to something which is publicized in the media and cre-
ates a lot of attention resulting in people copying in order to receive the same level or atten-
tion.
Copycat Theory- bullet points - ANSWER -main example is copycat murders and suicides
-people with mental health issues or histories of violence and more susceptible to mimicking
what the see in the media
-film copycat is a film about serial killers that kills a police officer through using techniques
like that of other serial killers.
Semiotic Theory - ANSWER Saussure
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