NSG 3600 PEDS EXAM 2 |135 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH EXPERT
SOLUTIONS | 2026 LATEST UPDATED | GET A+
Congestive Heart Failure Etiology - (Answer)Inability of the heart to perform is function of
moving blood forward. Caused by CHD, dysrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, Kawasaki's.
Congestive Heart Failure Signs and Symptoms for Baby - (Answer)Poor feed, poor growth,
irritability, shortness of air, exercise intolerance, peripheral edema (puffy legs and feet). The
child uses a lot of energy in feeding so they can get tired which causes poor feeding.
Congestive Heart Failure Treatment/Interventions - (Answer)Monitor Vital signs, keep the child
comfortable, oxygenation when needed. Give medications (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme -
ACE- Inhibitor (Captopril) Vasodilation, Cardiac Glycoside (Digoxin), Loop Diuretic
(Furosemide)).
What is important information to know about Digoxin? - (Answer)Makes the heart pump harder
so we need to make sure we DO NOT give this medication if their heart rate is less than 90 in
infant OR 70 in child. Toxicity of this drug can cause bradycardia and NV.
What is important information we need to know about Furosemide when it comes to Congestive
Heart Failure? - (Answer)We need to watch the potassium levels when it comes to this drug. If
the levels begin to decrease the digoxin levels will increase causing toxicity.
,Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) - (Answer)Simple defect of the atria results when the two septae fail
to overlap properly. Will occur in the second intercostal space and is on the LEFT side. Sound
will either be blowing or very harsh. These kids will be surgery due to their defect not closing on
its own.
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) - (Answer)MOST COMMON! Defect of the ventricles when
the two septae fail to overlap properly. Is in the lower intercostal space. You can feel it with your
hand. The spleen and liver will be enlarged due to extra blood flow. The sound will be very harsh
sounding.
Treatment for Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) and Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) - (Answer)Watch
for spontaneous closure, surgical repair, monitor vitals signs, watch for bleeding tamponade or
migration of the device (chest pain, sudden decrease in BP, palpation) Watch oxygenation and do
congestive heart failure management.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) - (Answer)In utero, the shunt serves the purpose to bypass the
lungs. The ducts starts to close usually within 48 hours but can take as long as 1 year. If the
whole is too large we would need to patch it. This causes blood to go into the lungs that is not
oxygenated.
, Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Clinical Manifestations - (Answer)Harsh murmur-Left
subconfiural margin sound machine like and depends on the side of the defect. The smaller it is
the louder it is. Systolic is higher and the Diastolic gets lower. Frequent colds, susceptible to
RSV, poor feeding/poor growth pattern.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Therapeutic Management - (Answer)Medical care is usually
closure by surgery or a transcatheter device. Postop measures are wound care, monitoring vital
signs, hydration/nutrition.
Pulmonic Stenosis: Pathophysiology - (Answer)Malformation of the pulmonary artery or
pulmonic valve. Increase workload on right ventricle.
Pulmonic Stenosis: Clinical Manifestations - (Answer)These kids could have their valve replace.
If any of these kids have oxygen issues while on wall oxygen there are more issues and other
problems.
Pulmonic Stenosis: Therapeutic Management - (Answer)Reducing stressful situations that may
cause high blood pressure. Angioplasty or valvulopasty.
Aortic Stenosis: Pathophysiology - (Answer)Malformation and narrowing in the aorta or around
the aortic valve. Kids can pass out from overexertion and can cause heart failure.
SOLUTIONS | 2026 LATEST UPDATED | GET A+
Congestive Heart Failure Etiology - (Answer)Inability of the heart to perform is function of
moving blood forward. Caused by CHD, dysrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, Kawasaki's.
Congestive Heart Failure Signs and Symptoms for Baby - (Answer)Poor feed, poor growth,
irritability, shortness of air, exercise intolerance, peripheral edema (puffy legs and feet). The
child uses a lot of energy in feeding so they can get tired which causes poor feeding.
Congestive Heart Failure Treatment/Interventions - (Answer)Monitor Vital signs, keep the child
comfortable, oxygenation when needed. Give medications (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme -
ACE- Inhibitor (Captopril) Vasodilation, Cardiac Glycoside (Digoxin), Loop Diuretic
(Furosemide)).
What is important information to know about Digoxin? - (Answer)Makes the heart pump harder
so we need to make sure we DO NOT give this medication if their heart rate is less than 90 in
infant OR 70 in child. Toxicity of this drug can cause bradycardia and NV.
What is important information we need to know about Furosemide when it comes to Congestive
Heart Failure? - (Answer)We need to watch the potassium levels when it comes to this drug. If
the levels begin to decrease the digoxin levels will increase causing toxicity.
,Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) - (Answer)Simple defect of the atria results when the two septae fail
to overlap properly. Will occur in the second intercostal space and is on the LEFT side. Sound
will either be blowing or very harsh. These kids will be surgery due to their defect not closing on
its own.
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) - (Answer)MOST COMMON! Defect of the ventricles when
the two septae fail to overlap properly. Is in the lower intercostal space. You can feel it with your
hand. The spleen and liver will be enlarged due to extra blood flow. The sound will be very harsh
sounding.
Treatment for Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) and Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) - (Answer)Watch
for spontaneous closure, surgical repair, monitor vitals signs, watch for bleeding tamponade or
migration of the device (chest pain, sudden decrease in BP, palpation) Watch oxygenation and do
congestive heart failure management.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) - (Answer)In utero, the shunt serves the purpose to bypass the
lungs. The ducts starts to close usually within 48 hours but can take as long as 1 year. If the
whole is too large we would need to patch it. This causes blood to go into the lungs that is not
oxygenated.
, Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Clinical Manifestations - (Answer)Harsh murmur-Left
subconfiural margin sound machine like and depends on the side of the defect. The smaller it is
the louder it is. Systolic is higher and the Diastolic gets lower. Frequent colds, susceptible to
RSV, poor feeding/poor growth pattern.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Therapeutic Management - (Answer)Medical care is usually
closure by surgery or a transcatheter device. Postop measures are wound care, monitoring vital
signs, hydration/nutrition.
Pulmonic Stenosis: Pathophysiology - (Answer)Malformation of the pulmonary artery or
pulmonic valve. Increase workload on right ventricle.
Pulmonic Stenosis: Clinical Manifestations - (Answer)These kids could have their valve replace.
If any of these kids have oxygen issues while on wall oxygen there are more issues and other
problems.
Pulmonic Stenosis: Therapeutic Management - (Answer)Reducing stressful situations that may
cause high blood pressure. Angioplasty or valvulopasty.
Aortic Stenosis: Pathophysiology - (Answer)Malformation and narrowing in the aorta or around
the aortic valve. Kids can pass out from overexertion and can cause heart failure.
