Test Bank for Prescott's Microbiology
12th Edition 2026
1. Archaea - Cellular organisms with unique cell membrane composed of lipids.
2. Extant microorganisms - Organisms from the fossil record that are no longer present on Earth today.
3. Domains - Classifications that include Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya for all cellular organisms.
4. Viruses - Studied by microbiologists despite not being classified as living organisms.
5. Eukaryotes - Organisms with a membrane-delimited nucleus.
6. Protists - Contain all forms of life except fungi.
7. Prokaryotes - Cells with a relatively simple cell morphology lacking a true membrane-delimited
nucleus.
8. Ribosomal RNA studies - Led to the division of prokaryotic organisms into Bacteria and Archaea,
initiated by Woese.
9. Proteins - Function in modern cells as catalysts, structural elements, or both.
10. RNA - Serves to convert the information stored in DNA to proteins.
11. Earliest microbial fossils - Dated approximately 4.5 million years ago.
12. Evolutionary relatedness - Reflected in phylogenetic trees.
, 13. Field of microbiology - Distinguished by both the size of the organism studied and the techniques
employed.
14. Criteria for establishing causative link - Developed by Koch.
15. First to observe microorganisms - van Leeuwenhoek.
16. Discrediting spontaneous generation - Provided evidence by Pasteur.
17. Concept of living organisms from nonliving material - Spontaneous generation.
18. Concept of diseases caused by microorganisms - Germ theory.
19. Heat-resistant form of bacteria - Endospores, demonstrated by Tyndall.
20. Antiseptic surgery pioneer - Lister.
21. Humoral immunity basis - Antitoxins inducing synthesis of antibodies, demonstrated by von Behring
and Kitasato.
22. First surgical antiseptic used - Phenol.
23. Old cultures of bacteria that have lost their ability to cause disease are said to be - Attenuated
24. Who developed and documented the first vaccination procedure against smallpox? - Jenner
25. Who developed a vaccine against chicken cholera? - Pasteur
26. Who first discovered that some blood leukocytes could engulf disease-causing bacteria? -
Metchnikoff
12th Edition 2026
1. Archaea - Cellular organisms with unique cell membrane composed of lipids.
2. Extant microorganisms - Organisms from the fossil record that are no longer present on Earth today.
3. Domains - Classifications that include Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya for all cellular organisms.
4. Viruses - Studied by microbiologists despite not being classified as living organisms.
5. Eukaryotes - Organisms with a membrane-delimited nucleus.
6. Protists - Contain all forms of life except fungi.
7. Prokaryotes - Cells with a relatively simple cell morphology lacking a true membrane-delimited
nucleus.
8. Ribosomal RNA studies - Led to the division of prokaryotic organisms into Bacteria and Archaea,
initiated by Woese.
9. Proteins - Function in modern cells as catalysts, structural elements, or both.
10. RNA - Serves to convert the information stored in DNA to proteins.
11. Earliest microbial fossils - Dated approximately 4.5 million years ago.
12. Evolutionary relatedness - Reflected in phylogenetic trees.
, 13. Field of microbiology - Distinguished by both the size of the organism studied and the techniques
employed.
14. Criteria for establishing causative link - Developed by Koch.
15. First to observe microorganisms - van Leeuwenhoek.
16. Discrediting spontaneous generation - Provided evidence by Pasteur.
17. Concept of living organisms from nonliving material - Spontaneous generation.
18. Concept of diseases caused by microorganisms - Germ theory.
19. Heat-resistant form of bacteria - Endospores, demonstrated by Tyndall.
20. Antiseptic surgery pioneer - Lister.
21. Humoral immunity basis - Antitoxins inducing synthesis of antibodies, demonstrated by von Behring
and Kitasato.
22. First surgical antiseptic used - Phenol.
23. Old cultures of bacteria that have lost their ability to cause disease are said to be - Attenuated
24. Who developed and documented the first vaccination procedure against smallpox? - Jenner
25. Who developed a vaccine against chicken cholera? - Pasteur
26. Who first discovered that some blood leukocytes could engulf disease-causing bacteria? -
Metchnikoff
