BIOL 1090: EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE AND ACCURATE SOLUTIONS

BIOL 1090: EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE AND
ACCURATE SOLUTIONS




1) All living organisms consist of _____. -- Answer ✔✔ Cells



2) A fundamental concept in biology is the cell theory, which states:
1. _____ _____ _____ _____
2. _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ -- Answer ✔✔ 1. All life is
cellular
3. All cells arise from preexisting cells



3) Some living organisms have just one _____, but others have trillions. -- Answer ✔✔
Cell

,4) _____ _____ is the formation of new cells from preexisting cells. -- Answer ✔✔
Cell division



5) Cell division provides for:
1. _____
2. _____
3. _____ -- Answer ✔✔ 1. Growth
2. Repair
3. Reproduction



6) Cells divide instead of growing larger and larger because if the cell grows too large, it
will have trouble moving enough _____ and _____ across the cell membrane. --
Answer ✔✔ Nutrients; wastes



7) Problems for growing cells: diffusion and osmosis -- Answer ✔✔ - A larger cell will
require much more food, oxygen, and water; a larger cell will generate much more
waste
- As the cell grows, the volume of the cell increases much more rapidly than
the surface area of the cell membrane



8) Cell size -- Answer ✔✔ - As a cell increases in size, its volume increases faster than
its surface area
- Smaller objects have a greater ratio of surface area to volume



9) _____ _____ is the process by which cellular material is divided between two new
daughter cells. -- Answer ✔✔ Cell division



10) Cell division -- Answer ✔✔ - 1 mother cell - - > 2 daughter cells

, - The two daughter cells will be identical to each other and to the mother cell



11) Mitosis -- Answer ✔✔ - Cell division to produce two identical daughter cells
- The apportioning of the copied DNA into two quantities in a parent cell



12) Cell division includes:
1. _____
2. _____
3. _____ -- Answer ✔✔ 1. Replication
2. Mitosis
3. Cytokinesis



13) Replication -- Answer ✔✔ The duplication of DNA



14) Cytokinesis -- Answer ✔✔ The physical splitting of this parent cell into two
daughter cells



15) DNA comes packaged in units called _____. -- Answer ✔✔ Chromosomes



16) Every eukaryotic cell contains chromosomes in the _____. -- Answer ✔✔ Nucleus



17) Each chromosome is a long strand of _____ associated with proteins that help to
compact and organize it. -- Answer ✔✔ DNA



18) Together, DNA + protein = _____ -- Answer ✔✔ Chromatin

, 19) Chromosome -- Answer ✔✔ Condensed chromatin seen in cellular division



20) Chromosomes are made of _____, a combination of DNA and protein molecules. --
Answer ✔✔ Chromatin



21) _____ are not visible in a cell until cell division occurs. -- Answer ✔✔
Chromosomes



22) Each eukaryotic chromosome contains one very long DNA molecule, typically
bearing thousands of _____. -- Answer ✔✔ Genes



23) The number of chromosomes in a eukaryotic cell depends on the _____. -- Answer
✔✔ Species



24) Before a cell divides, it duplicates all of its chromosomes, resulting in two copies
called _____ _____. -- Answer ✔✔ Sister chromatids



25) Sister chromatids are joined together at a narrow "waist" called the _____. --
Answer ✔✔ Centromere



26) When the cell divides, the _____ _____ separate from each other. -- Answer ✔✔
Sister chromatids