MED-SURG HESI EXAM | COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 LATEST
UPDATED| 100% RATED CORRECT | GET A+!!
Which description of symptoms is characteristic of a client diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia (tic
douloureux)?
Tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing difficulties
Sudden, stabbing, severe pain over the lip and chin.
Facial weakness and paralysis.
Difficulty in chewing, talking, and swallowing. - (Answer)Sudden, stabbing, severe pain over the lip
and chin.
Trigeminal neuralgia is characterized by paroxysms of pain, similar to an electric shock, in the area
innervated by one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve (5th cranial). Women are more often
afflicted with this condition and generally occurs in clients over the age of 50 years old.
A client with a 16-year history of diabetes mellitus is having renal function tests because of recent
fatigue, weakness, elevated blood urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine levels. Which finding should
the nurse conclude as an early symptom of renal insufficiency?
,Dyspnea
Nocturia
Confusion.
Stomatitis - (Answer)Nocturia
As the glomerular filtration rate decreases in early renal insufficiency, metabolic waste products,
including urea, creatinine, and other substances, such as phenols, hormones, and electrolytes,
accumulate in the blood. In the early stage of renal insufficiency, polyuria results from the inability
of the kidneys to concentrate urine and contributes to nocturia.
An elderly client is admitted with a diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia. When observing the client for
the first signs of decreasing oxygenation, the nurse should assess for which clinical cues?
Abominal distention.
Undue fatigue.
Cyanosis of the lips.
Confusion and tachycardia - (Answer)Confusion and tachycardia
,The onset of pneumonia in the elderly may be signaled by general deterioration, confusion, increased
heart rate or increased respiratory rate due to the decreased oxygen- carbon dioxide exchange at the
alveoli, known as the V-Q mismatch. Cyanosis is a very late sign.
During suctioning, a client with an uncuffed tracheostomy tube begins to cough violently and
dislodges the tracheostomy tube. Which action should the nurse implement first?
Notify the healthcare provider for reinsertion.
Attempt to reinsert the tracheostomy tube.
Position the client in a lateral position with the neck extended.
Ventilate client's tracheostomy stoma with a manual bag-mask. - (Answer)Attempt to reinsert the
tracheostomy tube.
The nurse should attempt to reinsert the tracheostomy tube by using a hemostat to open the
tracheostomy or by grasping the retention sutures (if present) to spread the opening and insert a
replacement tube (with its obturator) into the stoma. Once in place, the obturator should immediately
be removed.
, During a health fair, a 72-year-old male client tells the nurse that he is experiencing shortness of
breath. Auscultation reveals crackles and wheezing in both lungs. Suspecting that the client might
have chronic bronchitis, which classic symptom would the nurse expect this client to have?
Racing pulse with exertion.
Clubbing of the fingers.
An increased chest diameter.
Productive cough with grayish-white sputum. - (Answer)Productive cough with grayish-white
sputum.
Chronic bronchitis, one of the diseases comprising the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD), is characterized by a productive cough with grayish-white sputum.
Despite several eye surgeries, a 78-year-old client who lives alone has persistent vision problems.
The visiting nurse is discussing home safety hazards with the client. The nurse suggests that the
edges of the steps be painted which color?
Black.
White.
UPDATED| 100% RATED CORRECT | GET A+!!
Which description of symptoms is characteristic of a client diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia (tic
douloureux)?
Tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing difficulties
Sudden, stabbing, severe pain over the lip and chin.
Facial weakness and paralysis.
Difficulty in chewing, talking, and swallowing. - (Answer)Sudden, stabbing, severe pain over the lip
and chin.
Trigeminal neuralgia is characterized by paroxysms of pain, similar to an electric shock, in the area
innervated by one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve (5th cranial). Women are more often
afflicted with this condition and generally occurs in clients over the age of 50 years old.
A client with a 16-year history of diabetes mellitus is having renal function tests because of recent
fatigue, weakness, elevated blood urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine levels. Which finding should
the nurse conclude as an early symptom of renal insufficiency?
,Dyspnea
Nocturia
Confusion.
Stomatitis - (Answer)Nocturia
As the glomerular filtration rate decreases in early renal insufficiency, metabolic waste products,
including urea, creatinine, and other substances, such as phenols, hormones, and electrolytes,
accumulate in the blood. In the early stage of renal insufficiency, polyuria results from the inability
of the kidneys to concentrate urine and contributes to nocturia.
An elderly client is admitted with a diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia. When observing the client for
the first signs of decreasing oxygenation, the nurse should assess for which clinical cues?
Abominal distention.
Undue fatigue.
Cyanosis of the lips.
Confusion and tachycardia - (Answer)Confusion and tachycardia
,The onset of pneumonia in the elderly may be signaled by general deterioration, confusion, increased
heart rate or increased respiratory rate due to the decreased oxygen- carbon dioxide exchange at the
alveoli, known as the V-Q mismatch. Cyanosis is a very late sign.
During suctioning, a client with an uncuffed tracheostomy tube begins to cough violently and
dislodges the tracheostomy tube. Which action should the nurse implement first?
Notify the healthcare provider for reinsertion.
Attempt to reinsert the tracheostomy tube.
Position the client in a lateral position with the neck extended.
Ventilate client's tracheostomy stoma with a manual bag-mask. - (Answer)Attempt to reinsert the
tracheostomy tube.
The nurse should attempt to reinsert the tracheostomy tube by using a hemostat to open the
tracheostomy or by grasping the retention sutures (if present) to spread the opening and insert a
replacement tube (with its obturator) into the stoma. Once in place, the obturator should immediately
be removed.
, During a health fair, a 72-year-old male client tells the nurse that he is experiencing shortness of
breath. Auscultation reveals crackles and wheezing in both lungs. Suspecting that the client might
have chronic bronchitis, which classic symptom would the nurse expect this client to have?
Racing pulse with exertion.
Clubbing of the fingers.
An increased chest diameter.
Productive cough with grayish-white sputum. - (Answer)Productive cough with grayish-white
sputum.
Chronic bronchitis, one of the diseases comprising the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD), is characterized by a productive cough with grayish-white sputum.
Despite several eye surgeries, a 78-year-old client who lives alone has persistent vision problems.
The visiting nurse is discussing home safety hazards with the client. The nurse suggests that the
edges of the steps be painted which color?
Black.
White.
