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MMSC491 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS

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MMSC491 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS

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has to be dad to son, recessive traits on Y chromosome are rare


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Y-linked




With respect to mitochondrial inheritance, which, if any, of the following statements is
false?

,Affected individuals can be of either sex.
Mitochondrial disorders are transmitted virtually exclusively through the maternal line.
Both the sperm and the egg contribute mitochondrial DNA to the zygote, however,
the paternal mtDNA is destroyed in the early embryo.
Clinical variability is a common feature of mitochondrial DNA disorders.


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All of the statements are true




Which of the following is a disease whose molecular basis is caused by a gene-
pseudo gene sequence exchange?
Steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency
Hemophilia A
Sickle cell animia
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis


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Steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency




part of networks that regulate all aspects of DNA metabolism, including transcription,
replication, and recombination
Required to bring a distant enhancer in close proximity to the promoter of the gene it
regulates


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DNA looping

,Treating disease by removing an environmental trigger
Ex: metabolic disorders can be helped by taking away certain foods


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Treatment by altering disease susceptibility




With respect to histone modifications, which, if any, of the following statements, is
true?
histone acetylation always means adding an acetyl group to the side chain of a lysine
residue.
in histone acetylation each lysine of the histone is acetylated.
in histone phosphorylation a phosphate group is transferred to the side chain of a
serine .
in histone methylation it is the DNA that coils around a nucleosome that is methylated,
not the histone itself.


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histone acetylation always means adding an acetyl group to the side chain
of a lysine residue.




Form of homologous recombination that occurs between two lengths of DNA hat
have high sequence similarity, but are not alleles
Usually occurs bw sequences of DNA that have been previously duplicated through
evolution, and therefore have low copy repeats


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, non allelic homologous recombination




a late onset of symptoms, often disease doesn't manifest until adult age


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age-related penetrance




twins symbol on pedigree


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What type of stain is traditionally used to visualize metaphase chromosomes in
preparing a karyotype?
Silver
Coomassie
Giemsa
Xylene cyanol


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