AP PSYCHOLOGY EXAM REVIEW
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Wilhelm Wundt - Correct Answers -Set up the first psychological laboratory. Used
Introspection and Structuralism
Introspection - Correct Answers -Subject is asked to record exactly their thought
reactions to a simple stimuli
Structuralism - Correct Answers -Idea that the mind operates by combining subjective
emotions and object sensations
William James - Correct Answers -Published "Principles of Psychology" and furthered
Structuralism towards Functionalism
Gestalt Psychology - Correct Answers -Against dividing thought and behavior; examine
a person's total perception
Sigmund Freud - Correct Answers -Psychoanalytic approach who believed the
unconscious mind showed who a person was - caused by repression of thoughts
John Watson - Correct Answers -Behavioralist who said that psychology must focus on
observable concepts - Little Albert Study
Behavioralism - Correct Answers -Psychology should focus on only 'observable'
behavior through stimuli and responses
BF Skinner - Correct Answers -Expanded ideas of behavioralism to include the concept
of reinforcement. He became the father of Operant Conditioning
Reinforcement - Correct Answers -Environmental stimuli that encourage or discourage
a response
Eclectic - Correct Answers -Looking at thought/behavior from multiple perspectives -
play it by ear
Humanistic Psychology - Correct Answers -Stresses choice and free will of people; we
choose our action and make our own destinies
, Psycho-Analytic Approach - Correct Answers -the unconscious mind controls much of
our thought and action; to understand unconscious, dream analysis and other
techniques are used
Biological Psychology - Correct Answers -Human cognition and reactions are caused by
our genes, hormones, and neurology
Evolutionary Psychology - Correct Answers -Examine human thoughts and actions
through natural selection - best thoughts/traits continue
Cognitive Psychology - Correct Answers -Examine human thought and behavior by how
we interpret, process, and remember events. Why we think the way we do
Hindsight Bias - Correct Answers -People feel that they've "known all along" after
hearing research findings that they did not know
Applied Research - Correct Answers -research that has a clear, practical application
that's used in life
Basic Research - Correct Answers -Research that does not intend to impact immediate,
real-world problems
Hypothesis - Correct Answers -Expresses the relationship between the independent
and dependent variables - based on theory
Theory - Correct Answers -Attempt to explain a phenomena in a way that generates a
testable hypothesis for support
Valid Research - Correct Answers -Measures what the researcher intended and is
accurate
Reliable Research - Correct Answers -Research results can be replicated to find
identical results
Sampling - Correct Answers -Process of selecting subjects from a totally random cross-
section of society
Stratified Sampling - Correct Answers -Sampling of random people but all of whom
meet a certain criteria (age, gender, race, etc)
Case Study - Correct Answers -Used to get a full, detailed picture of one or a small
group of participants. Not generalized
Descriptive Statistics - Correct Answers -Describe a set of data by using frequency
polygons (line graphs) and histograms (bar graphs)
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Wilhelm Wundt - Correct Answers -Set up the first psychological laboratory. Used
Introspection and Structuralism
Introspection - Correct Answers -Subject is asked to record exactly their thought
reactions to a simple stimuli
Structuralism - Correct Answers -Idea that the mind operates by combining subjective
emotions and object sensations
William James - Correct Answers -Published "Principles of Psychology" and furthered
Structuralism towards Functionalism
Gestalt Psychology - Correct Answers -Against dividing thought and behavior; examine
a person's total perception
Sigmund Freud - Correct Answers -Psychoanalytic approach who believed the
unconscious mind showed who a person was - caused by repression of thoughts
John Watson - Correct Answers -Behavioralist who said that psychology must focus on
observable concepts - Little Albert Study
Behavioralism - Correct Answers -Psychology should focus on only 'observable'
behavior through stimuli and responses
BF Skinner - Correct Answers -Expanded ideas of behavioralism to include the concept
of reinforcement. He became the father of Operant Conditioning
Reinforcement - Correct Answers -Environmental stimuli that encourage or discourage
a response
Eclectic - Correct Answers -Looking at thought/behavior from multiple perspectives -
play it by ear
Humanistic Psychology - Correct Answers -Stresses choice and free will of people; we
choose our action and make our own destinies
, Psycho-Analytic Approach - Correct Answers -the unconscious mind controls much of
our thought and action; to understand unconscious, dream analysis and other
techniques are used
Biological Psychology - Correct Answers -Human cognition and reactions are caused by
our genes, hormones, and neurology
Evolutionary Psychology - Correct Answers -Examine human thoughts and actions
through natural selection - best thoughts/traits continue
Cognitive Psychology - Correct Answers -Examine human thought and behavior by how
we interpret, process, and remember events. Why we think the way we do
Hindsight Bias - Correct Answers -People feel that they've "known all along" after
hearing research findings that they did not know
Applied Research - Correct Answers -research that has a clear, practical application
that's used in life
Basic Research - Correct Answers -Research that does not intend to impact immediate,
real-world problems
Hypothesis - Correct Answers -Expresses the relationship between the independent
and dependent variables - based on theory
Theory - Correct Answers -Attempt to explain a phenomena in a way that generates a
testable hypothesis for support
Valid Research - Correct Answers -Measures what the researcher intended and is
accurate
Reliable Research - Correct Answers -Research results can be replicated to find
identical results
Sampling - Correct Answers -Process of selecting subjects from a totally random cross-
section of society
Stratified Sampling - Correct Answers -Sampling of random people but all of whom
meet a certain criteria (age, gender, race, etc)
Case Study - Correct Answers -Used to get a full, detailed picture of one or a small
group of participants. Not generalized
Descriptive Statistics - Correct Answers -Describe a set of data by using frequency
polygons (line graphs) and histograms (bar graphs)
