Biology 13.1: RNA – Structure, Types, and Function in Protein Synthesis

Biology 13.1: RNA – Structure, Types, and Function in Protein
Synthesis


RNA, like DNA, is a nucleic acid that consists of a long chain of: - ANS ✔✔Nucleotides



The RNA base sequence directs the production of: - ANS ✔✔Proteins



What are the main differences between RNA and DNA? - ANS ✔✔1) the sugar in RNA is ribose
instead of deoxyribose, 2) RNA is generally single-stranded and not double stranded, and 3) RNA
contains uracil in place of thymine



RNA can be thought of as a - ANS ✔✔Disposable copy of a segment of DNA



Most RNA molecules are involved in _________ synthesis. - ANS ✔✔Protein



RNA controls the assembly of amino acids into: - ANS ✔✔Proteins



What are the three main types of RNA? - ANS ✔✔Messenger RNA (mRNA), Ribosomal RNA
(rRNA), and Transfer RNA (tRNA)



Messenger RNA (mRNA) - ANS ✔✔Carries copies of instructions for polypeptide synthesis from
the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm



Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) - ANS ✔✔Forms an important part of both subunits of the ribosomes,
the cell structures where proteins are assembled



Transfer RNA (tRNA) - ANS ✔✔Carries amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the
coded mRNA message