NR 571 MIDTERM SCRIPT 2026 ADVANCED
STUDY MATERIAL WITH VERIFIED
RESPONSES
◉ QT interval should be ______ of the R-R interval.
Answer: 1/2
◉ etiologies of prolonged QT interval.
Answer: congenital long QT
medications
hypocalcemia
hypothyroidism
◉ etiologies of short QT.
Answer: hypercalcemia
congenital short QT
◉ Signs and symptoms of infective endocarditis.
Answer: "FROM JANE"
-Fever
-Roth spots
,-Osler's nodes
-Murmur
-Janeway lesions
-Anemia
-Nailbed splinter hemorrhages
-Emboli
50% have splenomegaly
◉ Risk factors for myocarditis.
Answer: Diabetes.
HIV/AIDS.
Skin injuries or infections.
Cancer treated with certain medicines.
Eating disorders.
End-stage kidney disease.
Having a chest injury.
◉ osler's nodules.
Answer: painful, red nodules in the distal phalanges, indicative of
endocarditis
◉ janeway lesions.
,Answer: non-tender hemorrhagic lesions - fingers, toes, nose,
earlobes - associated with endocarditis
◉ Subungual Hemorrhages.
Answer: splinter hemorrhages under the nails
◉ Roth's spots.
Answer: white centered hemorrhagic retinal lesions
◉ Diagnostic testing for infective endocarditis.
Answer: Blood cultures
CXR
Trans-esophageal echocardiogram
◉ risk factors for infective endocarditis.
Answer: DM
HIV
poor dental hygiene
congenital heart disease
MV prolapse
aortic stenosis
hemodialysis
, prosthetic heart valve
IVDA
◉ What is modified Duke criteria used for?.
Answer: Diagnosis of infective endocarditis
◉ Major Duke criteria.
Answer: -two blood cultures positive for causative organism out of
at least three separate blood cultures drawn from 3 separate sites
within 1 hour
-blood cultures persistently positive for an organism from cultures
drawn more than 12 hours apart
-echocardiogram positive for IE, documented by an oscillating
intracardiac mass on a valve or supporting structures, in the path of
regurgitant jets, or on implanted material in the absence of an
alternative anatomical explanation
-myocardial abscess
-development of partial dehiscence of a prosthetic valve
-new-onset valvular regurgitation
◉ Minor Duke Criteria.
Answer: 1) > 100.4°F (38°C)
2) History of IVDU or predisposing heart condition
STUDY MATERIAL WITH VERIFIED
RESPONSES
◉ QT interval should be ______ of the R-R interval.
Answer: 1/2
◉ etiologies of prolonged QT interval.
Answer: congenital long QT
medications
hypocalcemia
hypothyroidism
◉ etiologies of short QT.
Answer: hypercalcemia
congenital short QT
◉ Signs and symptoms of infective endocarditis.
Answer: "FROM JANE"
-Fever
-Roth spots
,-Osler's nodes
-Murmur
-Janeway lesions
-Anemia
-Nailbed splinter hemorrhages
-Emboli
50% have splenomegaly
◉ Risk factors for myocarditis.
Answer: Diabetes.
HIV/AIDS.
Skin injuries or infections.
Cancer treated with certain medicines.
Eating disorders.
End-stage kidney disease.
Having a chest injury.
◉ osler's nodules.
Answer: painful, red nodules in the distal phalanges, indicative of
endocarditis
◉ janeway lesions.
,Answer: non-tender hemorrhagic lesions - fingers, toes, nose,
earlobes - associated with endocarditis
◉ Subungual Hemorrhages.
Answer: splinter hemorrhages under the nails
◉ Roth's spots.
Answer: white centered hemorrhagic retinal lesions
◉ Diagnostic testing for infective endocarditis.
Answer: Blood cultures
CXR
Trans-esophageal echocardiogram
◉ risk factors for infective endocarditis.
Answer: DM
HIV
poor dental hygiene
congenital heart disease
MV prolapse
aortic stenosis
hemodialysis
, prosthetic heart valve
IVDA
◉ What is modified Duke criteria used for?.
Answer: Diagnosis of infective endocarditis
◉ Major Duke criteria.
Answer: -two blood cultures positive for causative organism out of
at least three separate blood cultures drawn from 3 separate sites
within 1 hour
-blood cultures persistently positive for an organism from cultures
drawn more than 12 hours apart
-echocardiogram positive for IE, documented by an oscillating
intracardiac mass on a valve or supporting structures, in the path of
regurgitant jets, or on implanted material in the absence of an
alternative anatomical explanation
-myocardial abscess
-development of partial dehiscence of a prosthetic valve
-new-onset valvular regurgitation
◉ Minor Duke Criteria.
Answer: 1) > 100.4°F (38°C)
2) History of IVDU or predisposing heart condition
