AGACNP - Hematology and Oncology
Exam Questions and Answers
Anemia in chronic conditions will be ___chromic. - ANS-Normo -
Why is hgb higher in males? - ANS-Hgb is increased in males because testosterone
stimulates erythropoiesis
The higher the binding capacity the ___ the need for iron. - ANS-Greater
Cytic = ____ - ANS-Size
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) - ANS-Average concentration of
hemoglobin per RBC; 32-36%
Anemias associated with low MCV (AKA small size / microcytic) - ANS-Iron deficiency
and Thalassemia
Anemias associated with high MCV (AKA large size / macrocytic) - ANS-B12 or folate
deficiency, alcoholism, liver failure and drug effects
What differentiates B12 from folic acid deficiency? (HINT: what symptom do we see with
B12 but not folic acid deficiency? - ANS-In B12 deficiency we see NEUROLOGICAL
signs (B think Brain)
Treatment for folic acid deficiency? - ANS-Folate (1mg PO daily)
Foods high in ____: Bananas, PB, fish - ANS-Folic acid
Foods high in ____: Raisins, red meat, citrus - ANS-Iron
Pernicious (B12) anemia cause - ANS-Due to deficiency of intrinsic factor -->
malabsorption of B12
Signs and symptoms of pernicious anemia - ANS-Paresthesia,
Loss of vibratory sense and/or fine motor control
(+) Romberg and Babinski
Treatment for pernicious anemia - ANS-B12 (Cyanocobalamin) 100 mcg IM daily x 1
week --> then once monthly for LIFE
, Anemia of chronic disease cause & effect - ANS-Chronic inflammation, infection, renal
failure or malignancy -> Decreased erythrocyte lifespan
Second most common anemia? (HINT: #1 in elderly and in the hospital setting) - ANS-
Anemia of chronic disease
S&S of anemia of chronic disease - ANS-Fatigue, weakness, dyspnea on exertion and
anorexia
Treatment for anemia of chronic disease - ANS-Epoetin alpha and nutritional support
Sickle Cell Cascade after a trigger occurs - What happens? - ANS-Acute exacerbation
in which the RBC becomes sickled, causing vessel obstruction and clogged circulation
--> cellular hypoxia, acidosis, tissue ischemia and blood hyperviscosity --> PAIN
What triggers sickle cell? - ANS-Hypoxia
Infection
High altitude
Dehydration
Physical or emotional stress
Surgery
Blood loss
Acidosis
Early S&S of sickle cell anemia - ANS-Occur in childhood / developmental phases:
delayed growth and development, increased susceptibility to infection
What occurs in sickle cell crisis? - ANS-Sudden onset of severe pain in extremities,
back, chest and abdomen
Aching joint pain
Weakness
Dyspnea
What lab test shows sickle cells? - ANS-Peripheral smear
Acute treatment for sickle cell - ANS-Fluids for dehydration, pain medication and oxygen
for hypoxemia
Von Willebrand Disease - ANS-A genetic deficiency in the Von Willebrand factors and
clotting factor and factor VIII --> reduced ability to create blood clots
Treatment for Von Willebrand Disease - ANS-Desmopressin, recombinant Von
Willebrand Factor/Factor VIII concentrate
You CAN treat Leukemia with which of the following? Surgery, Chemo, Bone Marrow
Txp. or Radiation? - ANS-Chemo and bone marrow transplant
Exam Questions and Answers
Anemia in chronic conditions will be ___chromic. - ANS-Normo -
Why is hgb higher in males? - ANS-Hgb is increased in males because testosterone
stimulates erythropoiesis
The higher the binding capacity the ___ the need for iron. - ANS-Greater
Cytic = ____ - ANS-Size
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) - ANS-Average concentration of
hemoglobin per RBC; 32-36%
Anemias associated with low MCV (AKA small size / microcytic) - ANS-Iron deficiency
and Thalassemia
Anemias associated with high MCV (AKA large size / macrocytic) - ANS-B12 or folate
deficiency, alcoholism, liver failure and drug effects
What differentiates B12 from folic acid deficiency? (HINT: what symptom do we see with
B12 but not folic acid deficiency? - ANS-In B12 deficiency we see NEUROLOGICAL
signs (B think Brain)
Treatment for folic acid deficiency? - ANS-Folate (1mg PO daily)
Foods high in ____: Bananas, PB, fish - ANS-Folic acid
Foods high in ____: Raisins, red meat, citrus - ANS-Iron
Pernicious (B12) anemia cause - ANS-Due to deficiency of intrinsic factor -->
malabsorption of B12
Signs and symptoms of pernicious anemia - ANS-Paresthesia,
Loss of vibratory sense and/or fine motor control
(+) Romberg and Babinski
Treatment for pernicious anemia - ANS-B12 (Cyanocobalamin) 100 mcg IM daily x 1
week --> then once monthly for LIFE
, Anemia of chronic disease cause & effect - ANS-Chronic inflammation, infection, renal
failure or malignancy -> Decreased erythrocyte lifespan
Second most common anemia? (HINT: #1 in elderly and in the hospital setting) - ANS-
Anemia of chronic disease
S&S of anemia of chronic disease - ANS-Fatigue, weakness, dyspnea on exertion and
anorexia
Treatment for anemia of chronic disease - ANS-Epoetin alpha and nutritional support
Sickle Cell Cascade after a trigger occurs - What happens? - ANS-Acute exacerbation
in which the RBC becomes sickled, causing vessel obstruction and clogged circulation
--> cellular hypoxia, acidosis, tissue ischemia and blood hyperviscosity --> PAIN
What triggers sickle cell? - ANS-Hypoxia
Infection
High altitude
Dehydration
Physical or emotional stress
Surgery
Blood loss
Acidosis
Early S&S of sickle cell anemia - ANS-Occur in childhood / developmental phases:
delayed growth and development, increased susceptibility to infection
What occurs in sickle cell crisis? - ANS-Sudden onset of severe pain in extremities,
back, chest and abdomen
Aching joint pain
Weakness
Dyspnea
What lab test shows sickle cells? - ANS-Peripheral smear
Acute treatment for sickle cell - ANS-Fluids for dehydration, pain medication and oxygen
for hypoxemia
Von Willebrand Disease - ANS-A genetic deficiency in the Von Willebrand factors and
clotting factor and factor VIII --> reduced ability to create blood clots
Treatment for Von Willebrand Disease - ANS-Desmopressin, recombinant Von
Willebrand Factor/Factor VIII concentrate
You CAN treat Leukemia with which of the following? Surgery, Chemo, Bone Marrow
Txp. or Radiation? - ANS-Chemo and bone marrow transplant
