NUR 2063 PathoPhysiology Exam 1 (latEst UPDatE) REal
QUEstioNs aND VERiFiED aNsWERs |100% CoRRECt 2026 | alREaDy
gRaDED a +
What is Pathophysiology - aNsWER-is the study of what happens when the normal
anatomy and physiology go wrong, causing disorder and disease process of the human
body.
What 4 things does pathophysiology include? - aNsWER-Etiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical
Manifestations, and Treatment Implications
What is etiology - aNsWER-study of causes or reasons for phenomena. Includes
Idiopathic conditions that have an unknown origin or cause.
What is pathogenesis? - aNsWER-development or evolution of disease from initial
stimulus to the expression of manifestations as time occurs.
What are clinical manifestations? - aNsWER-Signs and symptoms of disorder.
What are treatment implications? - aNsWER-Which combine the etology, pathogenesis,
and clinical manifestations to determine the best treatment of condition per individual.
What are signs? - aNsWER-Objective or observed manifestations of disease.
What are symptoms? - aNsWER-Subjective feelings of abnormality in the body.
What is objective data - aNsWER-What you observe and can measure.
What are examples of objective data? - aNsWER-rash, low blood pressure, bleeding
What is subjective data? - aNsWER-What the patient may report to you
,What are examples of subjective data? - aNsWER-pain scale, they feel suicidal, fatigued.
What is epidemiology? - aNsWER-study of the patterns of disease involving populations.
Based on the spread and contact of diseases in people.
What are the levels of disease prevention? - aNsWER-Primary, Secondary, Tertiary
Explain Primary Prevention - aNsWER-"Preventing"; altering susceptibility or reducing
exposure of disease for people.
Examples of Primary Prevention - aNsWER-Vaccinations and Handwashing
Explain Secondary Prevention - aNsWER-"Screening"; early detection, screening, and
management of disease to catch disease early before it spreads
Examples of Secondary Prevention - aNsWER-PAP smears for STDs, lab work for HBA1C
check, mammogram
Explain Tertiary Prevention - aNsWER-"Treating" and preventing further complications
from a disorder or disease after the person has the condition
Examples of Tertiary Prevention - aNsWER-Rehab for hip surgery, relearning ADL's after
amputation, Wound care after stroke to prevent pressure ulcers.
What is homeostasis? - aNsWER-a state of equilibrium in which all body systems are in
balance and the body is at its most optimal in functioning. Stable.
What is allostasis? - aNsWER-ability to successfully adapt to challenges. It is not a
balance but an attempt to adapt to achieve homeostasis. Example: sweating to lower
ones body temp.
, Stages of the General Adaptation Syndrome - aNsWER-alarm, resistance, exhaustion
Explain alarm stage of general adaptation syndrome - aNsWER-Where the sympathetic
nervous system is activated due to stress. Fight or Flight responses are activated and
energy is given off by the HPA axis to flee or fight the danger ahead. Blood must be
redirected to vital organs in this stage to give the organs energy to work.
What is fibromyalgia? - aNsWER-Characterized by widespread pain in all quadrants of
the body. s/s: fatigue, insomnia, depression and concentration problems.
What is myasthenia gravis? - aNsWER-chronic autoimmune disease that affects the
neuromuscular function of voluntary muscles.
Explain how Myasthenia Gravis works. - aNsWER-The acetylcholine receptor antibodies
destroy or block the acetylcholine receptors at the end of neurons. Manifestations
include profound muscle weakness and fatigue.
What is myasthenia graves crisis? - aNsWER-When respiratory distress occurs due to a
weakened diaphragm muscle, leading to hypoxemia and cardiac arrest
What is osteoarthritis? - aNsWER-degenerative disorder associated with aging and wear
and tear from repetitive stress on the weight bearing joints like the knees
How can osteoarthritis be characterized by? - aNsWER-loss of articular cartilage,
calcification, wear of bone and bone spurs. Non inflammatory, and the weight bearing
joints are affected
Signs and symptoms that one might have osteoarthritis - aNsWER-localized joint pain
and crepitus, bony enlargement, morning stiffness. Heberden and bouchard nodes.
What type of surgeries one might have that has osteoarthritis? - aNsWER-Total knee or
hip surgeries
What type of disorder is rheumatoid arthritis? - aNsWER-autoimmune disorder
QUEstioNs aND VERiFiED aNsWERs |100% CoRRECt 2026 | alREaDy
gRaDED a +
What is Pathophysiology - aNsWER-is the study of what happens when the normal
anatomy and physiology go wrong, causing disorder and disease process of the human
body.
What 4 things does pathophysiology include? - aNsWER-Etiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical
Manifestations, and Treatment Implications
What is etiology - aNsWER-study of causes or reasons for phenomena. Includes
Idiopathic conditions that have an unknown origin or cause.
What is pathogenesis? - aNsWER-development or evolution of disease from initial
stimulus to the expression of manifestations as time occurs.
What are clinical manifestations? - aNsWER-Signs and symptoms of disorder.
What are treatment implications? - aNsWER-Which combine the etology, pathogenesis,
and clinical manifestations to determine the best treatment of condition per individual.
What are signs? - aNsWER-Objective or observed manifestations of disease.
What are symptoms? - aNsWER-Subjective feelings of abnormality in the body.
What is objective data - aNsWER-What you observe and can measure.
What are examples of objective data? - aNsWER-rash, low blood pressure, bleeding
What is subjective data? - aNsWER-What the patient may report to you
,What are examples of subjective data? - aNsWER-pain scale, they feel suicidal, fatigued.
What is epidemiology? - aNsWER-study of the patterns of disease involving populations.
Based on the spread and contact of diseases in people.
What are the levels of disease prevention? - aNsWER-Primary, Secondary, Tertiary
Explain Primary Prevention - aNsWER-"Preventing"; altering susceptibility or reducing
exposure of disease for people.
Examples of Primary Prevention - aNsWER-Vaccinations and Handwashing
Explain Secondary Prevention - aNsWER-"Screening"; early detection, screening, and
management of disease to catch disease early before it spreads
Examples of Secondary Prevention - aNsWER-PAP smears for STDs, lab work for HBA1C
check, mammogram
Explain Tertiary Prevention - aNsWER-"Treating" and preventing further complications
from a disorder or disease after the person has the condition
Examples of Tertiary Prevention - aNsWER-Rehab for hip surgery, relearning ADL's after
amputation, Wound care after stroke to prevent pressure ulcers.
What is homeostasis? - aNsWER-a state of equilibrium in which all body systems are in
balance and the body is at its most optimal in functioning. Stable.
What is allostasis? - aNsWER-ability to successfully adapt to challenges. It is not a
balance but an attempt to adapt to achieve homeostasis. Example: sweating to lower
ones body temp.
, Stages of the General Adaptation Syndrome - aNsWER-alarm, resistance, exhaustion
Explain alarm stage of general adaptation syndrome - aNsWER-Where the sympathetic
nervous system is activated due to stress. Fight or Flight responses are activated and
energy is given off by the HPA axis to flee or fight the danger ahead. Blood must be
redirected to vital organs in this stage to give the organs energy to work.
What is fibromyalgia? - aNsWER-Characterized by widespread pain in all quadrants of
the body. s/s: fatigue, insomnia, depression and concentration problems.
What is myasthenia gravis? - aNsWER-chronic autoimmune disease that affects the
neuromuscular function of voluntary muscles.
Explain how Myasthenia Gravis works. - aNsWER-The acetylcholine receptor antibodies
destroy or block the acetylcholine receptors at the end of neurons. Manifestations
include profound muscle weakness and fatigue.
What is myasthenia graves crisis? - aNsWER-When respiratory distress occurs due to a
weakened diaphragm muscle, leading to hypoxemia and cardiac arrest
What is osteoarthritis? - aNsWER-degenerative disorder associated with aging and wear
and tear from repetitive stress on the weight bearing joints like the knees
How can osteoarthritis be characterized by? - aNsWER-loss of articular cartilage,
calcification, wear of bone and bone spurs. Non inflammatory, and the weight bearing
joints are affected
Signs and symptoms that one might have osteoarthritis - aNsWER-localized joint pain
and crepitus, bony enlargement, morning stiffness. Heberden and bouchard nodes.
What type of surgeries one might have that has osteoarthritis? - aNsWER-Total knee or
hip surgeries
What type of disorder is rheumatoid arthritis? - aNsWER-autoimmune disorder
