BIO 320 ECOLOGY EXAM 3 2026 UPDATE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
(BRAND NEW VISION)
zonation - ANS-is community structure changes across space
ecological succession - ANS-is the change in species composition
and ecosystem processes at a site over ecological time
autogenic environmental change is - ANS-the result of the presence
and activities of organisms within the community (biotic)
allogenic environmental change is - ANS-a result of a feature of the
PHYSICAL environment, so is governing by physical rather than
biological processes (abiotic)
early successional species are - ANS-the initial colonists, or pioneer
species. have: high growth rates, smaller size, high degree of
dispersal and colonization
late successional species - ANS-arrive later. have: longer lifespans,
larger size, lower rates of dispersal and colonization, lower rates
of per capita population growth
(t/f) patterns of species replacement through time are NOT random - ANS-
true
primary succession begins in an area - ANS-where soil has not yet
formed (glaciers). never supported a community
,secondary succession begins in an area - ANS-where soil existed in the
past (post-fire, post-agriculture) and propagules are present
most important disturbance is - ANS-severity: magnitude
landscape ecology - ANS-spatial heterogenity (spatial pattern of
landscape elements) and roles humans play
patches - ANS-homogenous areas
matrix - ANS-communities that surround patch
larger habitat patches contain - ANS-more individuals (larger
population size) and more spcies (increased species richness)
result of increased carrying capacity with increasing area
theory of island biolography - ANS--immigration would be highest on
new island with no organisms
-rate of extinction would rise with increasing number of species
on island
-farther the island, fewer species successfully make the trip
-size: smaller the island, higher the extinction rate bc of
resources
ecosystem - ANS-biotic and abiotic componenets
LAI - ANS-area of leaf per unit ground area
, LUE - ANS-utilization of photons to produce sugars
near constant
Assimilation efficiency (A/I) - ANS-efficiency of extracting energy
from food
Production efficiency (P/A) - ANS-how efficiently assimilated energy is
incorporated into secondary production (growth)
ecological efficiency - ANS-consumer production/resource
production
major source of nitrogen - ANS-n2 fixation
when can't fix n2, organisms - ANS-convert n2 gas to ammonia (NH3)
or ammonium (NH4+)
nitrogen fixers - ANS-cyanobacteria, soil bacteria, bacteria or fungi
in root nodules
lightning, fertilizer
mineralization - ANS-ammonifcation
occurs during microbial decomposition
dentrification - ANS-back to n2 gas
facilitation model of succession - ANS-LESS suitable for EARLY
MORE suitable for LATE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
(BRAND NEW VISION)
zonation - ANS-is community structure changes across space
ecological succession - ANS-is the change in species composition
and ecosystem processes at a site over ecological time
autogenic environmental change is - ANS-the result of the presence
and activities of organisms within the community (biotic)
allogenic environmental change is - ANS-a result of a feature of the
PHYSICAL environment, so is governing by physical rather than
biological processes (abiotic)
early successional species are - ANS-the initial colonists, or pioneer
species. have: high growth rates, smaller size, high degree of
dispersal and colonization
late successional species - ANS-arrive later. have: longer lifespans,
larger size, lower rates of dispersal and colonization, lower rates
of per capita population growth
(t/f) patterns of species replacement through time are NOT random - ANS-
true
primary succession begins in an area - ANS-where soil has not yet
formed (glaciers). never supported a community
,secondary succession begins in an area - ANS-where soil existed in the
past (post-fire, post-agriculture) and propagules are present
most important disturbance is - ANS-severity: magnitude
landscape ecology - ANS-spatial heterogenity (spatial pattern of
landscape elements) and roles humans play
patches - ANS-homogenous areas
matrix - ANS-communities that surround patch
larger habitat patches contain - ANS-more individuals (larger
population size) and more spcies (increased species richness)
result of increased carrying capacity with increasing area
theory of island biolography - ANS--immigration would be highest on
new island with no organisms
-rate of extinction would rise with increasing number of species
on island
-farther the island, fewer species successfully make the trip
-size: smaller the island, higher the extinction rate bc of
resources
ecosystem - ANS-biotic and abiotic componenets
LAI - ANS-area of leaf per unit ground area
, LUE - ANS-utilization of photons to produce sugars
near constant
Assimilation efficiency (A/I) - ANS-efficiency of extracting energy
from food
Production efficiency (P/A) - ANS-how efficiently assimilated energy is
incorporated into secondary production (growth)
ecological efficiency - ANS-consumer production/resource
production
major source of nitrogen - ANS-n2 fixation
when can't fix n2, organisms - ANS-convert n2 gas to ammonia (NH3)
or ammonium (NH4+)
nitrogen fixers - ANS-cyanobacteria, soil bacteria, bacteria or fungi
in root nodules
lightning, fertilizer
mineralization - ANS-ammonifcation
occurs during microbial decomposition
dentrification - ANS-back to n2 gas
facilitation model of succession - ANS-LESS suitable for EARLY
MORE suitable for LATE
