BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION 12TH EDITION
GARRY MARTIN JOSEPH PEAR TEST BANK
FINAL PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ How is behavior defined in this course? Answer: Behavior is what a
person does or says; it is observable and measurable, not labels.
⩥ What are the dimensions of behavior? Answer: Frequency, Duration,
Intensity, and Latency.
⩥ What is an example of a specific behavior rather than a label? Answer:
Instead of saying 'He is aggressive,' say 'He hits peers 3 times during
recess.'
⩥ Why do we collect data in behavior modification? Answer: To decide
if intervention is needed, choose the best intervention, and evaluate
change.
⩥ What are the two types of recording data? Answer: Continuous
(frequency, duration) and Discontinuous (interval, time sampling).
⩥ What is the significance of measuring behavior? Answer: If you didn't
measure it, you can't claim it changed.
,⩥ What do the X-axis and Y-axis represent in graphing behavior?
Answer: X-axis = time; Y-axis = behavior.
⩥ What is a functional relationship in behavior modification? Answer:
Behavior changes because of intervention, not coincidence.
⩥ What is reinforcement in behavior modification? Answer:
Reinforcement increases behavior; positive adds something, negative
removes something.
⩥ What happens during extinction? Answer: Reinforcement stops,
leading to a decrease in behavior, often with an initial extinction burst.
⩥ What is punishment in behavior modification? Answer: Punishment
decreases behavior; positive adds something, negative removes
something.
⩥ What are motivating operations? Answer: Factors that change how
much a reinforcer is valued, e.g., hunger increases the value of food.
⩥ What is stimulus control? Answer: Behavior occurs in specific
contexts where a signal (SD) indicates reinforcement is available.
,⩥ What is the difference between respondent and operant behavior?
Answer: Respondent is reflexive (stimulus → response), while operant
is controlled by consequences.
⩥ What is shaping in behavior modification? Answer: Reinforcing small
steps toward a desired behavior.
⩥ What are the types of prompting? Answer: Verbal, Gestural, Model,
Physical.
⩥ What is chaining in behavior modification? Answer: Breaking
behavior into steps and teaching the sequence.
⩥ What is the purpose of behavioral skills training (BST)? Answer: To
provide instructions, modeling, rehearsal, and feedback.
⩥ What are the four functions of behavior? Answer: Attention, Escape,
Tangible, Sensory.
⩥ What is the key rule regarding behavior? Answer: Behavior exists
because it works.
⩥ What is differential reinforcement? Answer: Reinforcing alternative
behaviors (DRA), absence of behavior (DRO), or reducing frequency
(DRL).
, ⩥ What is the gold rule for interventions? Answer: Intervention must
match the function of the behavior.
⩥ What is the ABC model? Answer: A = antecedent, B = behavior, C =
consequence.
⩥ What is the goal of the competing behavior model (CBM)? Answer:
To make problem behavior ineffective and replacement behavior easy
and effective.
⩥ What is the common mistake regarding reinforcement and
punishment? Answer: Mixing up reinforcement vs punishment.
⩥ What is the main focus of behavior modification? Answer: To change
undesirable behaviors and increase desirable behaviors through various
techniques.
⩥ Define extinction in the context of behavior modification. Answer:
The process of reducing a behavior by no longer providing
reinforcement for it.
⩥ What is the difference between discrimination and generalization?
Answer: Discrimination is responding differently to different stimuli,
while generalization is responding similarly to similar stimuli.
GARRY MARTIN JOSEPH PEAR TEST BANK
FINAL PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ How is behavior defined in this course? Answer: Behavior is what a
person does or says; it is observable and measurable, not labels.
⩥ What are the dimensions of behavior? Answer: Frequency, Duration,
Intensity, and Latency.
⩥ What is an example of a specific behavior rather than a label? Answer:
Instead of saying 'He is aggressive,' say 'He hits peers 3 times during
recess.'
⩥ Why do we collect data in behavior modification? Answer: To decide
if intervention is needed, choose the best intervention, and evaluate
change.
⩥ What are the two types of recording data? Answer: Continuous
(frequency, duration) and Discontinuous (interval, time sampling).
⩥ What is the significance of measuring behavior? Answer: If you didn't
measure it, you can't claim it changed.
,⩥ What do the X-axis and Y-axis represent in graphing behavior?
Answer: X-axis = time; Y-axis = behavior.
⩥ What is a functional relationship in behavior modification? Answer:
Behavior changes because of intervention, not coincidence.
⩥ What is reinforcement in behavior modification? Answer:
Reinforcement increases behavior; positive adds something, negative
removes something.
⩥ What happens during extinction? Answer: Reinforcement stops,
leading to a decrease in behavior, often with an initial extinction burst.
⩥ What is punishment in behavior modification? Answer: Punishment
decreases behavior; positive adds something, negative removes
something.
⩥ What are motivating operations? Answer: Factors that change how
much a reinforcer is valued, e.g., hunger increases the value of food.
⩥ What is stimulus control? Answer: Behavior occurs in specific
contexts where a signal (SD) indicates reinforcement is available.
,⩥ What is the difference between respondent and operant behavior?
Answer: Respondent is reflexive (stimulus → response), while operant
is controlled by consequences.
⩥ What is shaping in behavior modification? Answer: Reinforcing small
steps toward a desired behavior.
⩥ What are the types of prompting? Answer: Verbal, Gestural, Model,
Physical.
⩥ What is chaining in behavior modification? Answer: Breaking
behavior into steps and teaching the sequence.
⩥ What is the purpose of behavioral skills training (BST)? Answer: To
provide instructions, modeling, rehearsal, and feedback.
⩥ What are the four functions of behavior? Answer: Attention, Escape,
Tangible, Sensory.
⩥ What is the key rule regarding behavior? Answer: Behavior exists
because it works.
⩥ What is differential reinforcement? Answer: Reinforcing alternative
behaviors (DRA), absence of behavior (DRO), or reducing frequency
(DRL).
, ⩥ What is the gold rule for interventions? Answer: Intervention must
match the function of the behavior.
⩥ What is the ABC model? Answer: A = antecedent, B = behavior, C =
consequence.
⩥ What is the goal of the competing behavior model (CBM)? Answer:
To make problem behavior ineffective and replacement behavior easy
and effective.
⩥ What is the common mistake regarding reinforcement and
punishment? Answer: Mixing up reinforcement vs punishment.
⩥ What is the main focus of behavior modification? Answer: To change
undesirable behaviors and increase desirable behaviors through various
techniques.
⩥ Define extinction in the context of behavior modification. Answer:
The process of reducing a behavior by no longer providing
reinforcement for it.
⩥ What is the difference between discrimination and generalization?
Answer: Discrimination is responding differently to different stimuli,
while generalization is responding similarly to similar stimuli.
