Huether Mccance Pathophysiology Exam A+ Grade Assured Complete Solutions And Verified Answers

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM vc




Exam Solution vc




McCance Pathophysiology Ch. 11 Stress & Disease 2026 vc vc vc vc vc vc vc vc




A+ GRADE ASSURED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIF
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IED ANSWERS (A0519) vc vc




QUESTION 1 vc




Exhaustion occurs if stress continues when which stage of the general adaptation syndro
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me is not successful?
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a. Flight or fight
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b. Alarm
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c. Adaptation
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d. Arousal
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ANSWER

ANS: C Exhaustion occurs if stress continues and adaptation is not successful, ultimately causing impair
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ment of the immune response, heart failure, and kidney failure, leading to death. The other stages occur
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before the adaptation stage.
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QUESTION 2 vc




Which organ is stimulated during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (
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GAS)?
a. Adrenal cortex
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b. Hypothalamus
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c. Anterior pituitary
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d. Limbic system
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ANSWER

ANS: B The alarm phase of the GAS begins when a stressor triggers the actions of the hypothalamus and
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the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). The other organs are not stimulated by the alarm phase of GAS
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QUESTION 3 vc




During an anticipatory response to stress, what is the reaction from the limbic system sti
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mulated by? vc

, a. The retronucleus of the anterior pituitary
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b. The anterior nucleus of the hippocampus
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c. The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus
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d. The prefrontal nucleus of the amygdala
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ANSWER

ANS: C The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus must be stimulated to cause the limbic s
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ystem to be stimulated. The other areas are not involved in the stimulation of the limbic system.
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QUESTION 4 vc




Which hormone prompts increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal during a stress respon
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se?
a. Norepinephrine
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b. Epinephrine
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c. Cortisol
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d. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
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ANSWER

ANS: A The release of norepinephrine promotes arousal, increased vigilance, increased anxiety, and othe
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r protective emotional responses. Epinephrine's effects are primarily on the cardiovascular system. Corti
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sol's chief effects involve metabolic processes. By inhibiting the use of metabolic substances while prom
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oting their formation, cortisol mobilizes glucose, amino acids, lipids, and fatty acids and delivers them to
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the bloodstream. ACTH binds with specific receptors on the adrenal glands which causes the release of
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the glucocorticoids.
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QUESTION 5 vc




Perceived stress elicits an emotional, anticipatory response that begins where?
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a. Prefrontal cortex
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b. Anterior pituitary
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c. Limbic system
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d. Hypothalamus
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ANSWER

ANS: C The perception of stress initiates a series of events in the central and peripheral nervous system
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s. In the brain, stress elicits an anticipatory response that activates the limbic system; the brain area is r
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esponsible for motivation, emotions, and cognition. vc vc vc vc vc




QUESTION 6 vc




A student asks the healthcare professional how immunity is decreased by stress. The pro
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fessional responds that during a stress response, the helper T (Th) 1 response is suppres
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sed by which hormone?vc vc vc



a. ACTH vc