MEDSTUDY.COM
TEST BANK for Biological Science, 2nd
Edition by Scott Freeman, Michael
Harrington, Joan C. Sharp
All Chapters Included 1-55| All Figures & Diagrams Included|
Verified Q&As for Exam Preparations| A+ PASS GUARANTEED
Page | 1
,MEDSTUDY.COM
Chapter 1 Biology and the Tree of Life
1) The pattern component of the cell theory claims that all organisms consist of cells.
A) true
B) false Correct Answer: A
Reference: Section 1.1 Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.
2) How does a scientific theory differ from a scientific hypothesis?
A) There is no difference—the terms are interchangeable.
B) A theory is an explanation for a very general phenomenon or observation; hypotheses treat more
specific observations.
C) A hypothesis is an explanation for a very general phenomenon; theories treat more specific
issues.
D) Theories define scientific laws; hypotheses are used to set up experiments. Correct Answer: B
Reference: Section 1.1
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.
3) Algae in the genus Caulerpa typically grow to a length of over half a meter and have structures similar
to stems, leaves, and roots. Reproduction occurs when adults produce sperm and eggs that fuse to form
offspring. Each adult Caulerpa, however, consists of just a single cell. Which of the following statements
is true?
A) Caulerpa violate the pattern component of the cell theory—that all organisms consist of cells.
B) Caulerpa violate the process component of the cell theory—that all cells come from preexisting
cells.
C) Caulerpa violate both the pattern and process components of the cell theory.
D) The existence of Caulerpa is consistent with the cell theory. Correct Answer: D
Reference: Section 1.1
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
Page | 2
,MEDSTUDY.COM
LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.
4) Which statement about spontaneous generation is FALSE?
A) Pasteur demonstrated that it does not occur under normal laboratory conditions.
B) It apparently occurred at least once–when life on Earth began.
C) It occurs every time a new species evolves from a preexisting species.
D) It addresses the formation of living cells from previously nonliving material.
Correct Answer: C Reference: Section 1.1
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.
5) Recall Pasteur's experiment on spontaneous generation. Originally, he used sealed and unsealed flasks
instead of swan-necked and unsealed flasks. Critics claimed that the experiment was inconclusive. Which
of the following criticisms would be addressed by using a swan-necked flask instead of the sealed flask?
A) The broth was heated too intensively.
B) There had not been enough time for spontaneous generation to occur.
C) Fresh air is required for spontaneous generation.
D) The broth was not nutritious enough. Correct Answer: C
Reference: Section 1.1
Bloom's Level: Comprehension/Applying
LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.
6) Which of the following is the best example of a heritable variation?
A) skin cancer
B) amputation
C) red hair
D) love for music Correct Answer: C
Page | 3
, MEDSTUDY.COM
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
LOs: Chp1-1. Name five fundamental characteristics shared by all living organisms.
7) How does artificial selection differ from natural selection?
A) Artificial selection occurs only in computer simulations, not with actual organisms.
B) Artificial selection is based on conscious choices by humans.
C) Artificial selection occurs only with plants.
D) Artificial selection is not based on heritable variation, but on new mutations. Correct Answer: B
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
LOs: Chp1-3. Briefly explain the theory of natural selection, and clarify the two conditions that are
necessary and sufficient for natural selection to bring about evolutionary change in a population.
8) Over the past several decades, natural selection has caused populations of Staphylococcus aureus (an
infectious wound bacterium) to evolve resistance to most antibiotics. If antibiotic use were stopped, what
would you predict would happen to these S. aureus populations?
A) They will go extinct without the antibiotic.
B) The populations will begin colonizing new environments.
C) The frequency of nonresistant forms will increase in these populations.
D) The frequency of resistant forms will definitely increase in these populations. Correct Answer: C
Reference: Section 1.2 Bloom's Level: Applying
LOs: Chp1-3. Briefly explain the theory of natural selection, and clarify the two conditions that are
necessary and sufficient for natural selection to bring about evolutionary change in a population.
9) Environments all over the world are changing as a result of global warming. Could this influence
natural selection?
A) No. The environment is always changing. Global warming is nothing new.
Page | 4
TEST BANK for Biological Science, 2nd
Edition by Scott Freeman, Michael
Harrington, Joan C. Sharp
All Chapters Included 1-55| All Figures & Diagrams Included|
Verified Q&As for Exam Preparations| A+ PASS GUARANTEED
Page | 1
,MEDSTUDY.COM
Chapter 1 Biology and the Tree of Life
1) The pattern component of the cell theory claims that all organisms consist of cells.
A) true
B) false Correct Answer: A
Reference: Section 1.1 Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.
2) How does a scientific theory differ from a scientific hypothesis?
A) There is no difference—the terms are interchangeable.
B) A theory is an explanation for a very general phenomenon or observation; hypotheses treat more
specific observations.
C) A hypothesis is an explanation for a very general phenomenon; theories treat more specific
issues.
D) Theories define scientific laws; hypotheses are used to set up experiments. Correct Answer: B
Reference: Section 1.1
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.
3) Algae in the genus Caulerpa typically grow to a length of over half a meter and have structures similar
to stems, leaves, and roots. Reproduction occurs when adults produce sperm and eggs that fuse to form
offspring. Each adult Caulerpa, however, consists of just a single cell. Which of the following statements
is true?
A) Caulerpa violate the pattern component of the cell theory—that all organisms consist of cells.
B) Caulerpa violate the process component of the cell theory—that all cells come from preexisting
cells.
C) Caulerpa violate both the pattern and process components of the cell theory.
D) The existence of Caulerpa is consistent with the cell theory. Correct Answer: D
Reference: Section 1.1
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
Page | 2
,MEDSTUDY.COM
LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.
4) Which statement about spontaneous generation is FALSE?
A) Pasteur demonstrated that it does not occur under normal laboratory conditions.
B) It apparently occurred at least once–when life on Earth began.
C) It occurs every time a new species evolves from a preexisting species.
D) It addresses the formation of living cells from previously nonliving material.
Correct Answer: C Reference: Section 1.1
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.
5) Recall Pasteur's experiment on spontaneous generation. Originally, he used sealed and unsealed flasks
instead of swan-necked and unsealed flasks. Critics claimed that the experiment was inconclusive. Which
of the following criticisms would be addressed by using a swan-necked flask instead of the sealed flask?
A) The broth was heated too intensively.
B) There had not been enough time for spontaneous generation to occur.
C) Fresh air is required for spontaneous generation.
D) The broth was not nutritious enough. Correct Answer: C
Reference: Section 1.1
Bloom's Level: Comprehension/Applying
LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.
6) Which of the following is the best example of a heritable variation?
A) skin cancer
B) amputation
C) red hair
D) love for music Correct Answer: C
Page | 3
, MEDSTUDY.COM
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
LOs: Chp1-1. Name five fundamental characteristics shared by all living organisms.
7) How does artificial selection differ from natural selection?
A) Artificial selection occurs only in computer simulations, not with actual organisms.
B) Artificial selection is based on conscious choices by humans.
C) Artificial selection occurs only with plants.
D) Artificial selection is not based on heritable variation, but on new mutations. Correct Answer: B
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
LOs: Chp1-3. Briefly explain the theory of natural selection, and clarify the two conditions that are
necessary and sufficient for natural selection to bring about evolutionary change in a population.
8) Over the past several decades, natural selection has caused populations of Staphylococcus aureus (an
infectious wound bacterium) to evolve resistance to most antibiotics. If antibiotic use were stopped, what
would you predict would happen to these S. aureus populations?
A) They will go extinct without the antibiotic.
B) The populations will begin colonizing new environments.
C) The frequency of nonresistant forms will increase in these populations.
D) The frequency of resistant forms will definitely increase in these populations. Correct Answer: C
Reference: Section 1.2 Bloom's Level: Applying
LOs: Chp1-3. Briefly explain the theory of natural selection, and clarify the two conditions that are
necessary and sufficient for natural selection to bring about evolutionary change in a population.
9) Environments all over the world are changing as a result of global warming. Could this influence
natural selection?
A) No. The environment is always changing. Global warming is nothing new.
Page | 4
