Nursing Fundamentals NUR108 – Medications Lecture Summary and Safe Medication
Administration Study Guide
Atorvastatin Calcium - correct answer ✔✔- Lipitor
- Antihyperlipidemic (statin)
- Hyperlipidemia
- 10 to 80 mg qd
- Oral route any time of the day w or w/o food
- Contraindications: acute liver disease; hypersensitivity; breastfeeding; pregnancy
- Major interactions: atorvastatin; grapefruit juice
- Side effects: systemic vasculitis; alopecia; new onset diabetes mellitus; GI upset; acute
hepatitis; liver failure
- MOA: selectively and competitively inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, a rate-limiting enzyme that
converts 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A to mevalonate, a sterol and cholesterol
precursor
Levothyroxine - correct answer ✔✔- Synthroid
- Diagnostic agent
- Hypothyroidism
- mcg increments
- Injection, IV, or oral
- Contraindications: AMI; hypersensitivity to glycerol; unable to swallow capsules; risk of
thyrotoxicosis; adrenal insufficiency
- Major interactions: drugs that increase BP; soy in diet may decrease effectiveness of drug
- Side effects: palpitations; alopecia; excessive sweating; weight loss; diarrhea; insomnia;
anxiety, fatigue; heart failure, MI; cardiac arrest; dyspnea; decreased bone density
- MOA: activates gene transcription and synthesis of messenger RNA and cytoplasmic proteins
, Lisinopril - correct answer ✔✔- Prinivil, Zestril
- ACE Inhibitor; Antihypertensive
- Hypertension; AMI; heart failure
- mg
- oral route
- Contraindications: angioedema
- Major Interactions: potassium; angiotensin enzyme inhibitors
- MOA: ACE inhibition prevents the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, which is a
potent vasoconstrictor. Decreased angiotensin II leads to decreased vasopressor activity and
decreased aldosterone secretion
Omeprazole - correct answer ✔✔- Prilosec
- Gastric Acid Secretion Inhibitor (PPI)
- GERD; peptic ulcer; gastric ulcer; duodenum ulcer; erosive esophagitis
- 20 - 120 mg
- Oral route
- Side effects: angina; CV event risk; increased BP; palpitations; peripheral edema
- MOA: Omeprazole is a substituted benzimidazole and markedly inhibits basal and stimulated
gastric acid secretion
Metformin - correct answer ✔✔- Glucophage
- Antidiabetic
- Oral
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- 500-1200mg
- Side effects: Cobalamin deficiency; GI upset; malabsorption syndrome; vomiting; asthenia;
headache; lactic acidosis; hepatitis
Administration Study Guide
Atorvastatin Calcium - correct answer ✔✔- Lipitor
- Antihyperlipidemic (statin)
- Hyperlipidemia
- 10 to 80 mg qd
- Oral route any time of the day w or w/o food
- Contraindications: acute liver disease; hypersensitivity; breastfeeding; pregnancy
- Major interactions: atorvastatin; grapefruit juice
- Side effects: systemic vasculitis; alopecia; new onset diabetes mellitus; GI upset; acute
hepatitis; liver failure
- MOA: selectively and competitively inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, a rate-limiting enzyme that
converts 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A to mevalonate, a sterol and cholesterol
precursor
Levothyroxine - correct answer ✔✔- Synthroid
- Diagnostic agent
- Hypothyroidism
- mcg increments
- Injection, IV, or oral
- Contraindications: AMI; hypersensitivity to glycerol; unable to swallow capsules; risk of
thyrotoxicosis; adrenal insufficiency
- Major interactions: drugs that increase BP; soy in diet may decrease effectiveness of drug
- Side effects: palpitations; alopecia; excessive sweating; weight loss; diarrhea; insomnia;
anxiety, fatigue; heart failure, MI; cardiac arrest; dyspnea; decreased bone density
- MOA: activates gene transcription and synthesis of messenger RNA and cytoplasmic proteins
, Lisinopril - correct answer ✔✔- Prinivil, Zestril
- ACE Inhibitor; Antihypertensive
- Hypertension; AMI; heart failure
- mg
- oral route
- Contraindications: angioedema
- Major Interactions: potassium; angiotensin enzyme inhibitors
- MOA: ACE inhibition prevents the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, which is a
potent vasoconstrictor. Decreased angiotensin II leads to decreased vasopressor activity and
decreased aldosterone secretion
Omeprazole - correct answer ✔✔- Prilosec
- Gastric Acid Secretion Inhibitor (PPI)
- GERD; peptic ulcer; gastric ulcer; duodenum ulcer; erosive esophagitis
- 20 - 120 mg
- Oral route
- Side effects: angina; CV event risk; increased BP; palpitations; peripheral edema
- MOA: Omeprazole is a substituted benzimidazole and markedly inhibits basal and stimulated
gastric acid secretion
Metformin - correct answer ✔✔- Glucophage
- Antidiabetic
- Oral
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- 500-1200mg
- Side effects: Cobalamin deficiency; GI upset; malabsorption syndrome; vomiting; asthenia;
headache; lactic acidosis; hepatitis
