Resolution?
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minimum distance at which 2 very close objects can be distinguished
process of active transport
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1. molecules (in area of low concentration) bind to carrier protein
2. ATP breaksdown to ADP, Pi and Energy
3. the Pi and Energy cause the carrier protein to change shape
4. carrier protein releases molecules on opposite side (in area of high
, concentration)
5. the carrier protein releases the attached Pi to return to its original shape
Structure of Nucleus?
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• contains DNA (made of genes, genes code for making proteins)
• DNA wrapped around histones to form Chromatin
• nucleus has a double membrane, called Nuclear Envelope, which contains
pores
• at centre of nucleus is Nucleolus - produces mRNA (copy of a gene)
• rest of nucleus made of Nucleoplasm (contains the DNA/chromatin)
Why does electron microscopes have a higher resolution?
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Electron microscope uses electrons which have a shorter wavelength (light
microscope uses light which has a large wavelength)
What are the Non-specific Barriers?
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, 1. Skin, an impermeable barrier made of keratin
2. Cilia & Mucus in Lungs
3. Stomach Acid (denatures/breaks down pathogens)
How does the immune response lead to production of antibodies?
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the phagocytes stimulate the t cells, the t cells form t helper cells, the t helper
cells stimulate the b cells, the b cells form plasma cells, the plasma cells make
antibodies
Phagocytes
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perform phagocytosis (non specific) and stimulate specific response
Cell Fractionation?
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Breakdown tissue into cells (cut, pestle & mortar)
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minimum distance at which 2 very close objects can be distinguished
process of active transport
Give this one a try later!
1. molecules (in area of low concentration) bind to carrier protein
2. ATP breaksdown to ADP, Pi and Energy
3. the Pi and Energy cause the carrier protein to change shape
4. carrier protein releases molecules on opposite side (in area of high
, concentration)
5. the carrier protein releases the attached Pi to return to its original shape
Structure of Nucleus?
Give this one a try later!
• contains DNA (made of genes, genes code for making proteins)
• DNA wrapped around histones to form Chromatin
• nucleus has a double membrane, called Nuclear Envelope, which contains
pores
• at centre of nucleus is Nucleolus - produces mRNA (copy of a gene)
• rest of nucleus made of Nucleoplasm (contains the DNA/chromatin)
Why does electron microscopes have a higher resolution?
Give this one a try later!
Electron microscope uses electrons which have a shorter wavelength (light
microscope uses light which has a large wavelength)
What are the Non-specific Barriers?
Give this one a try later!
, 1. Skin, an impermeable barrier made of keratin
2. Cilia & Mucus in Lungs
3. Stomach Acid (denatures/breaks down pathogens)
How does the immune response lead to production of antibodies?
Give this one a try later!
the phagocytes stimulate the t cells, the t cells form t helper cells, the t helper
cells stimulate the b cells, the b cells form plasma cells, the plasma cells make
antibodies
Phagocytes
Give this one a try later!
perform phagocytosis (non specific) and stimulate specific response
Cell Fractionation?
Give this one a try later!
Breakdown tissue into cells (cut, pestle & mortar)