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NUR 631 Advanced Health Assessment Final Exam
2026/2027 Practice Questions | Verified Answers |
Detailed Rationales | Grade A
1. Where is DNA located in the cell?
Correct Answer: Nucleus.
Rationale:
1. The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material (DNA).
2. This is a basic cell biology question.
2. What is apoptosis?
Correct Answer: Cell suicide.
Rationale:
1. Apoptosis is programmed cell death.
2. It removes damaged or unwanted cells without causing inflammation.
3. This is a basic cell biology question.
3. What is normal SpO2 due to carbon monoxide binding to hemoglobin
like oxygen? What are the signs of carbon monoxide poisoning?
Correct Answer: HA (headache), N/V (nausea and vomiting), dizzy.
Rationale:
1. Carbon monoxide poisoning causes headache, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness.
2. CO binds to hemoglobin with higher affinity than oxygen.
3. This is a standard toxicology question.
4. Why does tissue damage occur with carbon monoxide poisoning?
Correct Answer: Lack of O2 (oxygen).
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Rationale:
1. CO reduces oxygen delivery to tissues.
2. This is a standard pathophysiology question.
5. How do molecules move in and out of the cell?
Correct Answer: Hydrostatic pressure.
Rationale:
1. Hydrostatic pressure drives fluid and small molecule movement across
capillary membranes.
2. This is a basic physiology question.
6. How do water molecules move in and out of the cell?
Correct Answer: Osmosis.
Rationale:
1. Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.
2. This is a basic physiology question.
7. What do we worry will happen if a patient vomits a lot?
Correct Answer: Metabolic acidosis.
Rationale:
1. The source states metabolic acidosis, but vomiting typically causes metabolic
alkalosis.
2. The answer is presented exactly as written in the source document.
3. Students should verify with their instructor.
8. Why does metabolic acidosis happen in a patient that vomits a lot?
Correct Answer: Loss of gastric acid and hold onto bicarb (bicarbonate).
Rationale:
1. The source states this, but loss of gastric acid typically causes metabolic
alkalosis.
2. The answer is presented exactly as written in the source document.
9. What do we look for on an amnio to look for neural tube defects?
Correct Answer: AFP (Alpha-Fetal Protein).
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Rationale:
1. Elevated AFP in amniotic fluid indicates neural tube defects.
2. This is a standard obstetrics question.
10. What are the clinical characteristics of a patient with Trisomy 21?
Correct Answer: Low set ears, wide eyes, webbed neck, low IQ, low nasal
bridge, heart defect, short stature, autoimmune disorder.
Rationale:
1. Down syndrome has characteristic dysmorphic features.
2. Congenital heart defects (especially VSD) are common.
3. This is a standard genetics question.
11. How can a newborn have Type 1 DM?
Correct Answer: The source text is incomplete: "? sounds like housekeeping
genes"
Rationale:
1. The source is incomplete.
2. Type 1 diabetes is typically autoimmune, not present at birth.
3. The answer is presented as written in the source document.
12. What is a gene that does maintenance for all other genes called?
Correct Answer: Housekeeping genes.
Rationale:
1. Housekeeping genes are constitutively expressed in all cells.
2. They maintain basic cellular functions.
3. This is a basic genetics question.
13. What do you think about if a patient comes in with wounds that
aren't healing?
Correct Answer: Something else is happening with patient.
Rationale:
1. Non-healing wounds suggest underlying disease.
2. This is a standard clinical reasoning question.
NUR 631 Advanced Health Assessment Final Exam
2026/2027 Practice Questions | Verified Answers |
Detailed Rationales | Grade A
1. Where is DNA located in the cell?
Correct Answer: Nucleus.
Rationale:
1. The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material (DNA).
2. This is a basic cell biology question.
2. What is apoptosis?
Correct Answer: Cell suicide.
Rationale:
1. Apoptosis is programmed cell death.
2. It removes damaged or unwanted cells without causing inflammation.
3. This is a basic cell biology question.
3. What is normal SpO2 due to carbon monoxide binding to hemoglobin
like oxygen? What are the signs of carbon monoxide poisoning?
Correct Answer: HA (headache), N/V (nausea and vomiting), dizzy.
Rationale:
1. Carbon monoxide poisoning causes headache, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness.
2. CO binds to hemoglobin with higher affinity than oxygen.
3. This is a standard toxicology question.
4. Why does tissue damage occur with carbon monoxide poisoning?
Correct Answer: Lack of O2 (oxygen).
,2|Page
Rationale:
1. CO reduces oxygen delivery to tissues.
2. This is a standard pathophysiology question.
5. How do molecules move in and out of the cell?
Correct Answer: Hydrostatic pressure.
Rationale:
1. Hydrostatic pressure drives fluid and small molecule movement across
capillary membranes.
2. This is a basic physiology question.
6. How do water molecules move in and out of the cell?
Correct Answer: Osmosis.
Rationale:
1. Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.
2. This is a basic physiology question.
7. What do we worry will happen if a patient vomits a lot?
Correct Answer: Metabolic acidosis.
Rationale:
1. The source states metabolic acidosis, but vomiting typically causes metabolic
alkalosis.
2. The answer is presented exactly as written in the source document.
3. Students should verify with their instructor.
8. Why does metabolic acidosis happen in a patient that vomits a lot?
Correct Answer: Loss of gastric acid and hold onto bicarb (bicarbonate).
Rationale:
1. The source states this, but loss of gastric acid typically causes metabolic
alkalosis.
2. The answer is presented exactly as written in the source document.
9. What do we look for on an amnio to look for neural tube defects?
Correct Answer: AFP (Alpha-Fetal Protein).
, 3|Page
Rationale:
1. Elevated AFP in amniotic fluid indicates neural tube defects.
2. This is a standard obstetrics question.
10. What are the clinical characteristics of a patient with Trisomy 21?
Correct Answer: Low set ears, wide eyes, webbed neck, low IQ, low nasal
bridge, heart defect, short stature, autoimmune disorder.
Rationale:
1. Down syndrome has characteristic dysmorphic features.
2. Congenital heart defects (especially VSD) are common.
3. This is a standard genetics question.
11. How can a newborn have Type 1 DM?
Correct Answer: The source text is incomplete: "? sounds like housekeeping
genes"
Rationale:
1. The source is incomplete.
2. Type 1 diabetes is typically autoimmune, not present at birth.
3. The answer is presented as written in the source document.
12. What is a gene that does maintenance for all other genes called?
Correct Answer: Housekeeping genes.
Rationale:
1. Housekeeping genes are constitutively expressed in all cells.
2. They maintain basic cellular functions.
3. This is a basic genetics question.
13. What do you think about if a patient comes in with wounds that
aren't healing?
Correct Answer: Something else is happening with patient.
Rationale:
1. Non-healing wounds suggest underlying disease.
2. This is a standard clinical reasoning question.
