NR-601: CARE OF THE AGED FAMILY
PRACTICUM COMPLETE STUDY & EXAM
BUNDLE (200+ QUESTIONS & VERIFIED
ANSWERS) A+ GRADED FOR GUARANTEED
PASS
Credits: (Typically 3-4 credits)
Level: Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) / Gerontology
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Study Guide – Geriatric Core Content
• Physiology of Aging (organ system changes)
• Geriatric Syndromes (falls, delirium, frailty, incontinence,
pressure injuries)
• Dementia (AD, VaD, DLB, FTD) – diagnosis, pharmacology,
behavioral management
• Polypharmacy & Deprescribing (Beers Criteria,
STOPP/START)
• Pharmacology in Aging
(pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics changes)
• Common Geriatric Conditions (HTN, HF, COPD, diabetes,
osteoporosis, OA, Gout)
,
• Mental Health in Aging (depression, anxiety, sleep disorders,
substance use)
• Geriatric Assessment Tools (MMSE, MoCA, GDS, CIRS,
Timed Up & Go, Mini-Cog)
• Advance Care Planning (ACP, POLST, DNR, hospice,
palliative care)
• Medicare, Medicaid, and Geriatric Healthcare Policy
2. Review Sheets – High-Yield Tables for Geriatrics
• Beers Criteria (Drugs to avoid in ≥65)
• STOPP/START Criteria (Potentially inappropriate meds /
Omitted meds)
• Cognitive Screening Tools (MoCA vs MMSE vs Mini-Cog)
• Functional Assessment (ADLs, IADLs)
• Falls Risk Assessment (Morse, Hendrich II, Timed Up & Go)
• Urinary Incontinence Types (Stress, Urge, Overflow,
Functional)
• Pain Assessment in Dementia (PAINAD)
• Geriatric Pharmacology (CrCl, Cockcroft-Gault, drug
adjustments)
• Deprescribing Algorithm
3. Practice Exam with Rationales (200+ Questions)
• Part A: Multiple Choice (120 questions)
• Part B: Multiple Answer / SATA (80 questions)
• Rationales immediately follow each question
,
========================================
SECTION 1: STUDY GUIDE – GERIATRIC CORE CONTENT
1.1 Physiology of Aging (Key Changes by Organ System)
Cardiovascular System
• Arterial stiffening → increased pulse wave velocity → isolated
systolic hypertension (ISH)
• Left ventricular hypertrophy (from chronic HTN) → diastolic
dysfunction (HFpEF)
• Reduced beta-adrenergic responsiveness → decreased maximal HR
with exercise (max HR ≈ 220 – age, but true max lower)
• Baroreceptor sensitivity ↓ → orthostatic hypotension (increased
falls risk)
• Increased prevalence of atrial fibrillation (age-related fibrosis of
conduction system)
Respiratory System
• Decreased chest wall compliance (↑ stiffness) and reduced elastic
recoil
• Decreased FEV1 (↓ 20-30 mL/year after age 25)
• Reduced PaO2 (normal PaO2 80-85 mmHg at age 70, down from
95 at age 20)
• Decreased cough reflex → increased aspiration pneumonia risk
• Increased residual volume and decreased vital capacity
Renal System
• Decreased GFR (↓ 1 mL/min/year after age 40) – creatinine may
remain normal due to ↓ muscle mass
,
• Decreased renal blood flow (↓ 50% by age 80)
• Reduced ability to concentrate urine (risk of dehydration)
• Decreased drug clearance (renally excreted drugs require dose
adjustment)
• Estimated GFR equations (CKD-EPI, MDRD) preferred over CrCl
(Cockcroft-Gault also used, especially for medication dosing)
Hepatic System
• Decreased liver mass (↓ 20-40% by age 80)
• Reduced hepatic blood flow (↓ 30-40%)
• Decreased phase I metabolism (CYP450) but phase II preserved –
not as dramatic as renal decline
• CYP2D6 may decrease; CYP3A4 relatively preserved
• First-pass metabolism ↓ → increased bioavailability of orally
administered drugs (e.g., propranolol, verapamil)
Neurologic System
• Brain weight ↓ (neuronal loss, especially frontal lobe and
hippocampus)
• Decreased cerebral blood flow
• Increased risk of delirium (baseline vulnerability)
• Decreased neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin,
norepinephrine)
• Slower nerve conduction velocity → increased reaction time
Musculoskeletal System
• Sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass and strength) – starts age 30,
accelerates after 70
PRACTICUM COMPLETE STUDY & EXAM
BUNDLE (200+ QUESTIONS & VERIFIED
ANSWERS) A+ GRADED FOR GUARANTEED
PASS
Credits: (Typically 3-4 credits)
Level: Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) / Gerontology
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Study Guide – Geriatric Core Content
• Physiology of Aging (organ system changes)
• Geriatric Syndromes (falls, delirium, frailty, incontinence,
pressure injuries)
• Dementia (AD, VaD, DLB, FTD) – diagnosis, pharmacology,
behavioral management
• Polypharmacy & Deprescribing (Beers Criteria,
STOPP/START)
• Pharmacology in Aging
(pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics changes)
• Common Geriatric Conditions (HTN, HF, COPD, diabetes,
osteoporosis, OA, Gout)
,
• Mental Health in Aging (depression, anxiety, sleep disorders,
substance use)
• Geriatric Assessment Tools (MMSE, MoCA, GDS, CIRS,
Timed Up & Go, Mini-Cog)
• Advance Care Planning (ACP, POLST, DNR, hospice,
palliative care)
• Medicare, Medicaid, and Geriatric Healthcare Policy
2. Review Sheets – High-Yield Tables for Geriatrics
• Beers Criteria (Drugs to avoid in ≥65)
• STOPP/START Criteria (Potentially inappropriate meds /
Omitted meds)
• Cognitive Screening Tools (MoCA vs MMSE vs Mini-Cog)
• Functional Assessment (ADLs, IADLs)
• Falls Risk Assessment (Morse, Hendrich II, Timed Up & Go)
• Urinary Incontinence Types (Stress, Urge, Overflow,
Functional)
• Pain Assessment in Dementia (PAINAD)
• Geriatric Pharmacology (CrCl, Cockcroft-Gault, drug
adjustments)
• Deprescribing Algorithm
3. Practice Exam with Rationales (200+ Questions)
• Part A: Multiple Choice (120 questions)
• Part B: Multiple Answer / SATA (80 questions)
• Rationales immediately follow each question
,
========================================
SECTION 1: STUDY GUIDE – GERIATRIC CORE CONTENT
1.1 Physiology of Aging (Key Changes by Organ System)
Cardiovascular System
• Arterial stiffening → increased pulse wave velocity → isolated
systolic hypertension (ISH)
• Left ventricular hypertrophy (from chronic HTN) → diastolic
dysfunction (HFpEF)
• Reduced beta-adrenergic responsiveness → decreased maximal HR
with exercise (max HR ≈ 220 – age, but true max lower)
• Baroreceptor sensitivity ↓ → orthostatic hypotension (increased
falls risk)
• Increased prevalence of atrial fibrillation (age-related fibrosis of
conduction system)
Respiratory System
• Decreased chest wall compliance (↑ stiffness) and reduced elastic
recoil
• Decreased FEV1 (↓ 20-30 mL/year after age 25)
• Reduced PaO2 (normal PaO2 80-85 mmHg at age 70, down from
95 at age 20)
• Decreased cough reflex → increased aspiration pneumonia risk
• Increased residual volume and decreased vital capacity
Renal System
• Decreased GFR (↓ 1 mL/min/year after age 40) – creatinine may
remain normal due to ↓ muscle mass
,
• Decreased renal blood flow (↓ 50% by age 80)
• Reduced ability to concentrate urine (risk of dehydration)
• Decreased drug clearance (renally excreted drugs require dose
adjustment)
• Estimated GFR equations (CKD-EPI, MDRD) preferred over CrCl
(Cockcroft-Gault also used, especially for medication dosing)
Hepatic System
• Decreased liver mass (↓ 20-40% by age 80)
• Reduced hepatic blood flow (↓ 30-40%)
• Decreased phase I metabolism (CYP450) but phase II preserved –
not as dramatic as renal decline
• CYP2D6 may decrease; CYP3A4 relatively preserved
• First-pass metabolism ↓ → increased bioavailability of orally
administered drugs (e.g., propranolol, verapamil)
Neurologic System
• Brain weight ↓ (neuronal loss, especially frontal lobe and
hippocampus)
• Decreased cerebral blood flow
• Increased risk of delirium (baseline vulnerability)
• Decreased neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin,
norepinephrine)
• Slower nerve conduction velocity → increased reaction time
Musculoskeletal System
• Sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass and strength) – starts age 30,
accelerates after 70
