HESI DENTAL HYGIENE CASE BASED PRACTICE
TEST 2026 REVISION NOTES AND
STRUCTURED DENTAL HYGIENE OVERVIEW
GUIDE
◉ A patient presents with a short, thick lingual frenum that results
in limited tongue movement affecting speech. Which is the most
likely diagnosis of this condition? Answer: Ankyloglossia
◉ When is tooth eruption complete? Answer: Tooth has made
contact with its antagonists in opposing jaw
◉ When does mixed dentition begin? Answer: Eruption of first
permanent tooth
◉ How many succedaneous teeth are in permanent dentition?
Answer: 20
◉ The junction of a buccal and lingual triangular ridge is a
transverse ridge. The oblique ridge of a maxillary molar is an
example of a transverse ridge. Answer: The first statement is true
and the second is false
,◉ Which factor makes aging enamel less susceptible to caries?
Answer: reduced permeability
◉ Which groove is the most identifying characteristic of a three-cusp
mandibular second premolar? Answer: Distolingual
◉ Which is true regarding the height of contour? Answer: Greatest
elevation of tooth either incisocervically or occlusocervically
◉ How many primary and permanent teeth are typically present in
an eight yr old child? Answer: 14 primary; 10 permanent
◉ Which describes the junction of two surfaces of a crown? Answer:
line angle
◉ Which G.V. Black classification involves the proximal surfaces of
anterior teeth including the incised edge or angle? Answer: IV
◉ Which ridge is a unique characteristic of permanent maxillary
molars? Answer: Oblique
◉ Which division of the fifth cranial nerve innervates the
temporomandibular joint? Answer: Mandibular
,◉ Facial paralysis can result from damage to the motor neurons of
which cranial nerve? Answer: VII
◉ Which is the target area for the inferior alveolar nerve block?
Answer: mandibular foramen on medial surface of mandible
◉ Which salivary gland is encapsulated? Answer: Sublingual
◉ Which type of joint is the temporomandibular? Answer: Synovial
◉ Which peripheral nervous system and subdivision are responsible
for a shutdown of salivary gland secretion? Answer: autonomic;
sympathetic
◉ Destroyed enamel cannot reform since the cells that formed it no
longer exist. Cavitated enamel can repair itself by the incorporation
of calcium and phosphate ions from saliva? Answer: First statement
is true second statement is false
◉ Which bacterium is most important in causing the progression of
carious lesions? Answer: Aciduric
◉ Anaerobe bacteria Answer: grow only in the absence of oxygen
, ◉ Which bacterial structure interferes with phagocytosis? Answer:
capsule
◉ Which bacteria grow best in refrigerated conditions? Answer:
Psychrophils
◉ Endotoxin is a virulence property of Answer: gram-negative
bacteria
◉ When comparing viruses to bacteria, viruses Answer: enter host
cells before they can multiply
◉ Which is treated with nystatin? Answer: Candidiasis
◉ Which is detected in the blood within two months after successful
immunization with the hepatitis B vaccine? Answer: Anti-HBs
◉ Which hypersensitivity reaction is an allergy to the natural rubber
latex in examination gloves? Answer: I
◉ Which bacterial genus contains species that cause pneumatic
fever, scarlet fever, and pharyngitis? Answer: Streptococcus
TEST 2026 REVISION NOTES AND
STRUCTURED DENTAL HYGIENE OVERVIEW
GUIDE
◉ A patient presents with a short, thick lingual frenum that results
in limited tongue movement affecting speech. Which is the most
likely diagnosis of this condition? Answer: Ankyloglossia
◉ When is tooth eruption complete? Answer: Tooth has made
contact with its antagonists in opposing jaw
◉ When does mixed dentition begin? Answer: Eruption of first
permanent tooth
◉ How many succedaneous teeth are in permanent dentition?
Answer: 20
◉ The junction of a buccal and lingual triangular ridge is a
transverse ridge. The oblique ridge of a maxillary molar is an
example of a transverse ridge. Answer: The first statement is true
and the second is false
,◉ Which factor makes aging enamel less susceptible to caries?
Answer: reduced permeability
◉ Which groove is the most identifying characteristic of a three-cusp
mandibular second premolar? Answer: Distolingual
◉ Which is true regarding the height of contour? Answer: Greatest
elevation of tooth either incisocervically or occlusocervically
◉ How many primary and permanent teeth are typically present in
an eight yr old child? Answer: 14 primary; 10 permanent
◉ Which describes the junction of two surfaces of a crown? Answer:
line angle
◉ Which G.V. Black classification involves the proximal surfaces of
anterior teeth including the incised edge or angle? Answer: IV
◉ Which ridge is a unique characteristic of permanent maxillary
molars? Answer: Oblique
◉ Which division of the fifth cranial nerve innervates the
temporomandibular joint? Answer: Mandibular
,◉ Facial paralysis can result from damage to the motor neurons of
which cranial nerve? Answer: VII
◉ Which is the target area for the inferior alveolar nerve block?
Answer: mandibular foramen on medial surface of mandible
◉ Which salivary gland is encapsulated? Answer: Sublingual
◉ Which type of joint is the temporomandibular? Answer: Synovial
◉ Which peripheral nervous system and subdivision are responsible
for a shutdown of salivary gland secretion? Answer: autonomic;
sympathetic
◉ Destroyed enamel cannot reform since the cells that formed it no
longer exist. Cavitated enamel can repair itself by the incorporation
of calcium and phosphate ions from saliva? Answer: First statement
is true second statement is false
◉ Which bacterium is most important in causing the progression of
carious lesions? Answer: Aciduric
◉ Anaerobe bacteria Answer: grow only in the absence of oxygen
, ◉ Which bacterial structure interferes with phagocytosis? Answer:
capsule
◉ Which bacteria grow best in refrigerated conditions? Answer:
Psychrophils
◉ Endotoxin is a virulence property of Answer: gram-negative
bacteria
◉ When comparing viruses to bacteria, viruses Answer: enter host
cells before they can multiply
◉ Which is treated with nystatin? Answer: Candidiasis
◉ Which is detected in the blood within two months after successful
immunization with the hepatitis B vaccine? Answer: Anti-HBs
◉ Which hypersensitivity reaction is an allergy to the natural rubber
latex in examination gloves? Answer: I
◉ Which bacterial genus contains species that cause pneumatic
fever, scarlet fever, and pharyngitis? Answer: Streptococcus
