IMMUNE SYSTEM MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING
EXAM LATEST 2026 UPDATE 100 QUESTIONS AND
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS FROM ACTUAL
EXAMS TEST GRADE A+
1.
A patient with HIV has a CD4 count of 180 cells/mm³. What condition is the
patient most at risk for?
A. Seasonal allergies
B. Opportunistic infections
C. Hypertension
D. Osteoarthritis
Answer: B
Rationale: A CD4 count below 200 indicates severe immunosuppression, placing
the patient at high risk for opportunistic infections such as Pneumocystis jirovecii
pneumonia.
2.
Which lab result best indicates active inflammation?
A. Decreased ESR
B. Increased CRP
C. Decreased WBC
D. Decreased fibrinogen
Answer: B
Rationale: C-reactive protein (CRP) rises rapidly during acute inflammation.
,3.
A client is experiencing an anaphylactic reaction. What is the priority medication?
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Epinephrine
C. Prednisone
D. Albuterol
Answer: B
Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis because it
reverses airway swelling and hypotension.
4.
Which cell is primarily responsible for antibody production?
A. T cells
B. Neutrophils
C. B lymphocytes
D. Macrophages
Answer: C
Rationale: B cells differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibodies.
5.
A patient with neutropenia should be placed in which type of precaution?
A. Contact precautions
B. Droplet precautions
C. Protective (reverse) isolation
D. Airborne precautions
,Answer: C
Rationale: Protective isolation reduces exposure to pathogens in
immunocompromised patients.
6.
Which finding is most consistent with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
A. Positive ANA test
B. Low blood glucose
C. Elevated troponin
D. Decreased ESR
Answer: A
Rationale: Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are strongly associated with SLE.
7.
What is the primary function of natural killer (NK) cells?
A. Produce antibodies
B. Kill virus-infected cells
C. Activate platelets
D. Form memory cells
Answer: B
Rationale: NK cells destroy virus-infected and tumor cells without prior
sensitization.
8.
Which condition is an autoimmune disease?
A. Tuberculosis
B. Rheumatoid arthritis
, C. Influenza
D. Malaria
Answer: B
Rationale: Rheumatoid arthritis results from immune system attacking synovial
joints.
9.
A patient receiving chemotherapy develops a WBC of 1,000/mm³. What is the
priority nursing action?
A. Encourage ambulation
B. Initiate neutropenic precautions
C. Restrict fluids
D. Administer iron supplements
Answer: B
Rationale: Severe leukopenia increases infection risk requiring protective
measures.
10.
Which immunoglobulin is responsible for allergic reactions?
A. IgA
B. IgG
C. IgE
D. IgM
Answer: C
Rationale: IgE triggers histamine release in allergic responses.
11.
EXAM LATEST 2026 UPDATE 100 QUESTIONS AND
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS FROM ACTUAL
EXAMS TEST GRADE A+
1.
A patient with HIV has a CD4 count of 180 cells/mm³. What condition is the
patient most at risk for?
A. Seasonal allergies
B. Opportunistic infections
C. Hypertension
D. Osteoarthritis
Answer: B
Rationale: A CD4 count below 200 indicates severe immunosuppression, placing
the patient at high risk for opportunistic infections such as Pneumocystis jirovecii
pneumonia.
2.
Which lab result best indicates active inflammation?
A. Decreased ESR
B. Increased CRP
C. Decreased WBC
D. Decreased fibrinogen
Answer: B
Rationale: C-reactive protein (CRP) rises rapidly during acute inflammation.
,3.
A client is experiencing an anaphylactic reaction. What is the priority medication?
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Epinephrine
C. Prednisone
D. Albuterol
Answer: B
Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis because it
reverses airway swelling and hypotension.
4.
Which cell is primarily responsible for antibody production?
A. T cells
B. Neutrophils
C. B lymphocytes
D. Macrophages
Answer: C
Rationale: B cells differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibodies.
5.
A patient with neutropenia should be placed in which type of precaution?
A. Contact precautions
B. Droplet precautions
C. Protective (reverse) isolation
D. Airborne precautions
,Answer: C
Rationale: Protective isolation reduces exposure to pathogens in
immunocompromised patients.
6.
Which finding is most consistent with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
A. Positive ANA test
B. Low blood glucose
C. Elevated troponin
D. Decreased ESR
Answer: A
Rationale: Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are strongly associated with SLE.
7.
What is the primary function of natural killer (NK) cells?
A. Produce antibodies
B. Kill virus-infected cells
C. Activate platelets
D. Form memory cells
Answer: B
Rationale: NK cells destroy virus-infected and tumor cells without prior
sensitization.
8.
Which condition is an autoimmune disease?
A. Tuberculosis
B. Rheumatoid arthritis
, C. Influenza
D. Malaria
Answer: B
Rationale: Rheumatoid arthritis results from immune system attacking synovial
joints.
9.
A patient receiving chemotherapy develops a WBC of 1,000/mm³. What is the
priority nursing action?
A. Encourage ambulation
B. Initiate neutropenic precautions
C. Restrict fluids
D. Administer iron supplements
Answer: B
Rationale: Severe leukopenia increases infection risk requiring protective
measures.
10.
Which immunoglobulin is responsible for allergic reactions?
A. IgA
B. IgG
C. IgE
D. IgM
Answer: C
Rationale: IgE triggers histamine release in allergic responses.
11.
