MED-SURG NURSING MASTERY EXAM PACK LATEST
2026 UPDATE 100 QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS FROM ACTUAL EXAMS TEST
GRADE A+
1. A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which finding requires
immediate intervention?
A. Urine output 60 mL/hr
B. Potassium 2.9 mmol/L
C. Blood pressure 110/70 mmHg
D. Weight loss of 0.5 kg
Answer: B. Potassium 2.9 mmol/L
Rationale: Furosemide causes potassium loss. Severe hypokalemia can lead to life-
threatening dysrhythmias.
2. A patient has chest pain radiating to the left arm. What is the nurse’s priority
action?
A. Obtain ECG
B. Give antacid
C. Encourage deep breathing
D. Check blood pressure
Answer: A. Obtain ECG
Rationale: Suspected myocardial infarction requires immediate ECG to confirm
ischemia.
,3. Which symptom is most indicative of hypoglycemia?
A. Fruity breath
B. Tremors and sweating
C. Kussmaul respirations
D. Polyuria
Answer: B. Tremors and sweating
Rationale: Hypoglycemia stimulates sympathetic nervous system causing tremors,
sweating, and tachycardia.
4. A post-op patient suddenly develops dyspnea and chest pain. What is the
priority action?
A. Encourage coughing
B. Apply oxygen
C. Check temperature
D. Elevate legs
Answer: B. Apply oxygen
Rationale: Suspected pulmonary embolism requires immediate oxygenation.
5. Which lab result indicates acute kidney injury?
A. Creatinine 0.8 mg/dL
B. BUN 12 mg/dL
C. Creatinine 3.5 mg/dL
D. Sodium 140 mmol/L
Answer: C. Creatinine 3.5 mg/dL
Rationale: Elevated creatinine indicates impaired renal filtration.
6. A patient with COPD should receive oxygen at what level?
,A. 1–2 L/min
B. 4–6 L/min
C. 8–10 L/min
D. 10–12 L/min
Answer: A. 1–2 L/min
Rationale: High oxygen levels can suppress hypoxic drive in COPD patients.
7. Which sign indicates increased intracranial pressure?
A. Bradycardia
B. Tachypnea
C. Fever
D. Polyuria
Answer: A. Bradycardia
Rationale: Cushing’s triad includes bradycardia, hypertension, and irregular
respirations.
8. A patient is receiving heparin. Which lab must be monitored?
A. INR
B. aPTT
C. Hemoglobin A1C
D. Platelet count only
Answer: B. aPTT
Rationale: Heparin therapy is monitored using activated partial thromboplastin
time.
9. Which electrolyte imbalance causes muscle twitching and tetany?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypocalcemia
, C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypermagnesemia
Answer: B. Hypocalcemia
Rationale: Low calcium increases neuromuscular excitability.
10. A patient with asthma has wheezing. Which medication is first-line rescue?
A. Fluticasone
B. Albuterol
C. Montelukast
D. Theophylline
Answer: B. Albuterol
Rationale: Short-acting beta agonists provide rapid bronchodilation.
11. Which finding suggests digoxin toxicity?
A. Hypertension
B. Bradycardia and nausea
C. Weight gain
D. Increased appetite
Answer: B. Bradycardia and nausea
Rationale: Digoxin toxicity often causes GI symptoms and slow heart rate.
12. A patient has stroke symptoms. What is the priority?
A. Give aspirin
B. Check blood glucose
C. Start IV fluids
D. Lower blood pressure
2026 UPDATE 100 QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS FROM ACTUAL EXAMS TEST
GRADE A+
1. A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which finding requires
immediate intervention?
A. Urine output 60 mL/hr
B. Potassium 2.9 mmol/L
C. Blood pressure 110/70 mmHg
D. Weight loss of 0.5 kg
Answer: B. Potassium 2.9 mmol/L
Rationale: Furosemide causes potassium loss. Severe hypokalemia can lead to life-
threatening dysrhythmias.
2. A patient has chest pain radiating to the left arm. What is the nurse’s priority
action?
A. Obtain ECG
B. Give antacid
C. Encourage deep breathing
D. Check blood pressure
Answer: A. Obtain ECG
Rationale: Suspected myocardial infarction requires immediate ECG to confirm
ischemia.
,3. Which symptom is most indicative of hypoglycemia?
A. Fruity breath
B. Tremors and sweating
C. Kussmaul respirations
D. Polyuria
Answer: B. Tremors and sweating
Rationale: Hypoglycemia stimulates sympathetic nervous system causing tremors,
sweating, and tachycardia.
4. A post-op patient suddenly develops dyspnea and chest pain. What is the
priority action?
A. Encourage coughing
B. Apply oxygen
C. Check temperature
D. Elevate legs
Answer: B. Apply oxygen
Rationale: Suspected pulmonary embolism requires immediate oxygenation.
5. Which lab result indicates acute kidney injury?
A. Creatinine 0.8 mg/dL
B. BUN 12 mg/dL
C. Creatinine 3.5 mg/dL
D. Sodium 140 mmol/L
Answer: C. Creatinine 3.5 mg/dL
Rationale: Elevated creatinine indicates impaired renal filtration.
6. A patient with COPD should receive oxygen at what level?
,A. 1–2 L/min
B. 4–6 L/min
C. 8–10 L/min
D. 10–12 L/min
Answer: A. 1–2 L/min
Rationale: High oxygen levels can suppress hypoxic drive in COPD patients.
7. Which sign indicates increased intracranial pressure?
A. Bradycardia
B. Tachypnea
C. Fever
D. Polyuria
Answer: A. Bradycardia
Rationale: Cushing’s triad includes bradycardia, hypertension, and irregular
respirations.
8. A patient is receiving heparin. Which lab must be monitored?
A. INR
B. aPTT
C. Hemoglobin A1C
D. Platelet count only
Answer: B. aPTT
Rationale: Heparin therapy is monitored using activated partial thromboplastin
time.
9. Which electrolyte imbalance causes muscle twitching and tetany?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypocalcemia
, C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypermagnesemia
Answer: B. Hypocalcemia
Rationale: Low calcium increases neuromuscular excitability.
10. A patient with asthma has wheezing. Which medication is first-line rescue?
A. Fluticasone
B. Albuterol
C. Montelukast
D. Theophylline
Answer: B. Albuterol
Rationale: Short-acting beta agonists provide rapid bronchodilation.
11. Which finding suggests digoxin toxicity?
A. Hypertension
B. Bradycardia and nausea
C. Weight gain
D. Increased appetite
Answer: B. Bradycardia and nausea
Rationale: Digoxin toxicity often causes GI symptoms and slow heart rate.
12. A patient has stroke symptoms. What is the priority?
A. Give aspirin
B. Check blood glucose
C. Start IV fluids
D. Lower blood pressure
