MED-SURG LATEST UPDATED EXAM 2026/2027
UPDATE 100 QUESTIONS AND DETAILED VERIFIED
ANSWERS FROM ACTUAL EXAMS TEST GRADE A+
1. A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which finding indicates
the medication is effective?
A. Increased blood pressure
B. Decreased urine output
C. Weight gain of 2 kg
D. Reduced edema
Answer: D. Reduced edema
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that removes excess fluid, so reduced
edema indicates effectiveness.
2. Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with loop diuretics?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: B. Hypokalemia
Rationale: Loop diuretics cause potassium loss through increased renal excretion.
3. A patient with COPD should be placed in which position to promote
breathing?
A. Supine
B. Trendelenburg
,C. High Fowler’s
D. Prone
Answer: C. High Fowler’s
Rationale: Upright positioning maximizes lung expansion and improves
oxygenation.
4. Which sign indicates hypoxia in a patient?
A. Bradycardia
B. Cyanosis
C. Hypertension
D. Warm skin
Answer: B. Cyanosis
Rationale: Cyanosis indicates decreased oxygen saturation in the blood.
5. A priority nursing intervention for chest pain suggestive of MI is:
A. Give oral fluids
B. Obtain ECG immediately
C. Encourage ambulation
D. Apply heating pad
Answer: B. Obtain ECG immediately
Rationale: ECG confirms myocardial infarction and guides urgent treatment.
6. Which lab value indicates renal failure?
A. Decreased creatinine
B. Increased BUN
C. Decreased potassium
D. Increased calcium
, Answer: B. Increased BUN
Rationale: Elevated BUN reflects impaired kidney filtration.
7. A patient with diabetes has glucose of 45 mg/dL. What is the priority action?
A. Give insulin
B. Provide 15g fast-acting glucose
C. Restrict fluids
D. Administer diuretics
Answer: B. Provide 15g fast-acting glucose
Rationale: This is hypoglycemia requiring immediate glucose replacement.
8. Which symptom is most indicative of stroke?
A. Bilateral weakness
B. Sudden facial droop
C. Gradual headache
D. Nausea after meals
Answer: B. Sudden facial droop
Rationale: Sudden unilateral facial droop is a classic stroke sign.
9. A patient receiving morphine should be monitored for:
A. Hypertension
B. Respiratory depression
C. Tachycardia
D. Hyperactivity
Answer: B. Respiratory depression
Rationale: Opioids depress the respiratory center in the brain.
UPDATE 100 QUESTIONS AND DETAILED VERIFIED
ANSWERS FROM ACTUAL EXAMS TEST GRADE A+
1. A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which finding indicates
the medication is effective?
A. Increased blood pressure
B. Decreased urine output
C. Weight gain of 2 kg
D. Reduced edema
Answer: D. Reduced edema
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that removes excess fluid, so reduced
edema indicates effectiveness.
2. Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with loop diuretics?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: B. Hypokalemia
Rationale: Loop diuretics cause potassium loss through increased renal excretion.
3. A patient with COPD should be placed in which position to promote
breathing?
A. Supine
B. Trendelenburg
,C. High Fowler’s
D. Prone
Answer: C. High Fowler’s
Rationale: Upright positioning maximizes lung expansion and improves
oxygenation.
4. Which sign indicates hypoxia in a patient?
A. Bradycardia
B. Cyanosis
C. Hypertension
D. Warm skin
Answer: B. Cyanosis
Rationale: Cyanosis indicates decreased oxygen saturation in the blood.
5. A priority nursing intervention for chest pain suggestive of MI is:
A. Give oral fluids
B. Obtain ECG immediately
C. Encourage ambulation
D. Apply heating pad
Answer: B. Obtain ECG immediately
Rationale: ECG confirms myocardial infarction and guides urgent treatment.
6. Which lab value indicates renal failure?
A. Decreased creatinine
B. Increased BUN
C. Decreased potassium
D. Increased calcium
, Answer: B. Increased BUN
Rationale: Elevated BUN reflects impaired kidney filtration.
7. A patient with diabetes has glucose of 45 mg/dL. What is the priority action?
A. Give insulin
B. Provide 15g fast-acting glucose
C. Restrict fluids
D. Administer diuretics
Answer: B. Provide 15g fast-acting glucose
Rationale: This is hypoglycemia requiring immediate glucose replacement.
8. Which symptom is most indicative of stroke?
A. Bilateral weakness
B. Sudden facial droop
C. Gradual headache
D. Nausea after meals
Answer: B. Sudden facial droop
Rationale: Sudden unilateral facial droop is a classic stroke sign.
9. A patient receiving morphine should be monitored for:
A. Hypertension
B. Respiratory depression
C. Tachycardia
D. Hyperactivity
Answer: B. Respiratory depression
Rationale: Opioids depress the respiratory center in the brain.
