BIO-182 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
altruism - Correct Answers -a behavior that may reduce an individual's fitness but
increase the fitness of other individuals in the population
associative - Correct Answers -A type of learning in which the animals match one
feature of the environment (a stimulus, such as color) with another (such as taste).
fixed action pattern - Correct Answers -a sequence of unlearned behavioral acts that is
essential unchangeable and once initiated, carried to completion (babies suckling)
game theory - Correct Answers -a method that evaluates alternative strategies in
situations where the outcome depends not only on each individual's strategy but also on
the strategies of other individuals
Habituation - Correct Answers -A loss of responsiveness to stimuli that convey little or
no information; offers no feedback
Imprinting - Correct Answers -a type of behavior that includes both learning and innate
components and is generally irreversible; in this behavior, the young offspring can be
taught to follow something other than the parent
kinesis - Correct Answers -A simple change in activity in response to some stimulus.
Learning - Correct Answers -the modification of behavior as a result of a specific
experiences
mate choice copying - Correct Answers -when individuals in a population copy the mate
choice of others instead of some generally preferred type
monogamous - Correct Answers -A type of relationship that involves one male mating
with one female
optimal foraging theory - Correct Answers -views feeding behavior as a compromise
between the benefits of nutrition and the costs (risks) of obtaining food
Pheromones - Correct Answers -chemical substances important in animal
communication
, Polyandry - Correct Answers -a type of relationship that involves an individual of one
sex mating with several of another sex
polygamous - Correct Answers -a relationship involving one female and many males
Polygyny - Correct Answers -a relationship involving one male and many females
proximate causation - Correct Answers -these question focus on the environmental
stimuli that trigger a behavior and the genetic/physiological/anatomical mechanisms that
govern the behavior
spatial - Correct Answers -a type of learning in which behavior is modified based on
experience with the physical structure of the environment
tactile - Correct Answers -method of an animal communication that involves touch
taxis - Correct Answers -a more or less automatic, oriented movement toward or away
from some stimulus
ultimate causation - Correct Answers -these question address the evolutionary
significance of behavioral responses
abiotic - Correct Answers -physical rather than biological; not derived from living
organisms.
aphotic - Correct Answers -these zones are deeper and do not receive enough light for
photosynthesis
benthic - Correct Answers -this zone is at the bottom of all aquatic biomes and consists
of sand and organic sediments
biosphere ecology - Correct Answers -study of the sum of all the planet's ecosystems
Biotic - Correct Answers -components of an environment that includes all the living
organisms
Chaparral - Correct Answers -precipitation highly seasonal, cool except for summer;
dominated by shrubs and small trees
Climograph - Correct Answers -plot temperature and precipitation
community ecology - Correct Answers -the study of whole array of interacting species in
a community
AND ANSWERS
altruism - Correct Answers -a behavior that may reduce an individual's fitness but
increase the fitness of other individuals in the population
associative - Correct Answers -A type of learning in which the animals match one
feature of the environment (a stimulus, such as color) with another (such as taste).
fixed action pattern - Correct Answers -a sequence of unlearned behavioral acts that is
essential unchangeable and once initiated, carried to completion (babies suckling)
game theory - Correct Answers -a method that evaluates alternative strategies in
situations where the outcome depends not only on each individual's strategy but also on
the strategies of other individuals
Habituation - Correct Answers -A loss of responsiveness to stimuli that convey little or
no information; offers no feedback
Imprinting - Correct Answers -a type of behavior that includes both learning and innate
components and is generally irreversible; in this behavior, the young offspring can be
taught to follow something other than the parent
kinesis - Correct Answers -A simple change in activity in response to some stimulus.
Learning - Correct Answers -the modification of behavior as a result of a specific
experiences
mate choice copying - Correct Answers -when individuals in a population copy the mate
choice of others instead of some generally preferred type
monogamous - Correct Answers -A type of relationship that involves one male mating
with one female
optimal foraging theory - Correct Answers -views feeding behavior as a compromise
between the benefits of nutrition and the costs (risks) of obtaining food
Pheromones - Correct Answers -chemical substances important in animal
communication
, Polyandry - Correct Answers -a type of relationship that involves an individual of one
sex mating with several of another sex
polygamous - Correct Answers -a relationship involving one female and many males
Polygyny - Correct Answers -a relationship involving one male and many females
proximate causation - Correct Answers -these question focus on the environmental
stimuli that trigger a behavior and the genetic/physiological/anatomical mechanisms that
govern the behavior
spatial - Correct Answers -a type of learning in which behavior is modified based on
experience with the physical structure of the environment
tactile - Correct Answers -method of an animal communication that involves touch
taxis - Correct Answers -a more or less automatic, oriented movement toward or away
from some stimulus
ultimate causation - Correct Answers -these question address the evolutionary
significance of behavioral responses
abiotic - Correct Answers -physical rather than biological; not derived from living
organisms.
aphotic - Correct Answers -these zones are deeper and do not receive enough light for
photosynthesis
benthic - Correct Answers -this zone is at the bottom of all aquatic biomes and consists
of sand and organic sediments
biosphere ecology - Correct Answers -study of the sum of all the planet's ecosystems
Biotic - Correct Answers -components of an environment that includes all the living
organisms
Chaparral - Correct Answers -precipitation highly seasonal, cool except for summer;
dominated by shrubs and small trees
Climograph - Correct Answers -plot temperature and precipitation
community ecology - Correct Answers -the study of whole array of interacting species in
a community
