NRP EXAM LATEST 2026 UPDATE 100 QUESTIONS
AND DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS FROM ACTUAL
EXAMS TEST GRADE A+
1. What is the first action after a term newborn is delivered?
Answer: Provide warmth and dry the infant
Rationale: Initial steps of NRP include warming, drying, and stimulating to prevent
hypothermia and assess need for resuscitation.
2. A newborn is apneic after birth. What is the first intervention?
Answer: Initiate positive pressure ventilation (PPV)
Rationale: Apnea indicates need for immediate ventilation support; PPV is the
most critical intervention.
3. What is the normal heart rate threshold requiring intervention?
Answer: Less than 100 beats per minute
Rationale: HR <100 indicates need for respiratory support.
4. What device is preferred for providing PPV in newborns?
Answer: T-piece resuscitator or self-inflating bag
Rationale: These devices deliver controlled ventilation with appropriate pressure.
5. What is the recommended compression-to-ventilation ratio in newborn CPR?
Answer: 3:1 ratio
Rationale: Neonatal arrest is usually respiratory, so ventilation is prioritized.
,6. When should chest compressions be started?
Answer: When HR remains below 60 despite effective ventilation
Rationale: Compressions are only indicated after adequate ventilation fails.
7. What oxygen concentration is recommended for term newborn resuscitation?
Answer: 21% (room air)
Rationale: Room air is preferred initially to avoid oxygen toxicity.
8. What is the target preductal oxygen saturation at 5 minutes?
Answer: 80–85%
Rationale: Gradual oxygenation increase is normal in transition.
9. What is the first step in meconium-stained but vigorous infant?
Answer: Routine care (no suctioning required)
Rationale: Vigorous infants do not require airway suction.
10. What is the priority if newborn is not breathing but has heart rate 80?
Answer: Start PPV
Rationale: Ventilation is the priority when HR <100.
11. What is the recommended ventilation rate during PPV?
Answer: 40–60 breaths per minute
Rationale: Ensures adequate oxygenation and CO2 removal.
12. What indicates effective PPV?
Answer: Rising heart rate
Rationale: HR improvement is the best indicator of adequate ventilation.
, 13. What is the preferred method of confirming endotracheal tube placement?
Answer: End-tidal CO₂ detection
Rationale: CO₂ detection confirms tracheal placement.
14. What is the first medication used in neonatal resuscitation?
Answer: Epinephrine
Rationale: Used when HR remains <60 despite ventilation and compressions.
15. What is the epinephrine IV dose?
Answer: 0.01–0.03 mg/kg (0.1 mg/mL concentration)
Rationale: Correct dosing prevents toxicity and ensures effectiveness.
16. What route is preferred for epinephrine administration?
Answer: Intravenous (umbilical venous catheter)
Rationale: IV route is fastest and most effective.
17. What is the indication for endotracheal intubation?
Answer: Ineffective bag-mask ventilation or prolonged resuscitation
Rationale: Intubation ensures secure airway.
18. What is the first step in newborn resuscitation?
Answer: Warm, dry, stimulate, position airway
Rationale: Initial steps support transition to extrauterine life.
AND DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS FROM ACTUAL
EXAMS TEST GRADE A+
1. What is the first action after a term newborn is delivered?
Answer: Provide warmth and dry the infant
Rationale: Initial steps of NRP include warming, drying, and stimulating to prevent
hypothermia and assess need for resuscitation.
2. A newborn is apneic after birth. What is the first intervention?
Answer: Initiate positive pressure ventilation (PPV)
Rationale: Apnea indicates need for immediate ventilation support; PPV is the
most critical intervention.
3. What is the normal heart rate threshold requiring intervention?
Answer: Less than 100 beats per minute
Rationale: HR <100 indicates need for respiratory support.
4. What device is preferred for providing PPV in newborns?
Answer: T-piece resuscitator or self-inflating bag
Rationale: These devices deliver controlled ventilation with appropriate pressure.
5. What is the recommended compression-to-ventilation ratio in newborn CPR?
Answer: 3:1 ratio
Rationale: Neonatal arrest is usually respiratory, so ventilation is prioritized.
,6. When should chest compressions be started?
Answer: When HR remains below 60 despite effective ventilation
Rationale: Compressions are only indicated after adequate ventilation fails.
7. What oxygen concentration is recommended for term newborn resuscitation?
Answer: 21% (room air)
Rationale: Room air is preferred initially to avoid oxygen toxicity.
8. What is the target preductal oxygen saturation at 5 minutes?
Answer: 80–85%
Rationale: Gradual oxygenation increase is normal in transition.
9. What is the first step in meconium-stained but vigorous infant?
Answer: Routine care (no suctioning required)
Rationale: Vigorous infants do not require airway suction.
10. What is the priority if newborn is not breathing but has heart rate 80?
Answer: Start PPV
Rationale: Ventilation is the priority when HR <100.
11. What is the recommended ventilation rate during PPV?
Answer: 40–60 breaths per minute
Rationale: Ensures adequate oxygenation and CO2 removal.
12. What indicates effective PPV?
Answer: Rising heart rate
Rationale: HR improvement is the best indicator of adequate ventilation.
, 13. What is the preferred method of confirming endotracheal tube placement?
Answer: End-tidal CO₂ detection
Rationale: CO₂ detection confirms tracheal placement.
14. What is the first medication used in neonatal resuscitation?
Answer: Epinephrine
Rationale: Used when HR remains <60 despite ventilation and compressions.
15. What is the epinephrine IV dose?
Answer: 0.01–0.03 mg/kg (0.1 mg/mL concentration)
Rationale: Correct dosing prevents toxicity and ensures effectiveness.
16. What route is preferred for epinephrine administration?
Answer: Intravenous (umbilical venous catheter)
Rationale: IV route is fastest and most effective.
17. What is the indication for endotracheal intubation?
Answer: Ineffective bag-mask ventilation or prolonged resuscitation
Rationale: Intubation ensures secure airway.
18. What is the first step in newborn resuscitation?
Answer: Warm, dry, stimulate, position airway
Rationale: Initial steps support transition to extrauterine life.
