Edelman and Kudzma’s Canadian Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span 1st Edition Dames Chapter 1 - 25 Updated 2026 Test Bank

Edelman and Kudzma’s Canadian Health Promotion g4 g4 g4 g4 g4




g4Throughout the Life Span 1stEdition DamesTest Bank g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4




Chapter 1: Health Defined: Health Promotion, Prevention, and Protection Dames,
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Luctkar-Flude and Tyerman: Edelman and Kudzma’s Canadian Health
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PromotionThroughout the Life Span, 1st Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE g4




1. How is disease defined?
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a. The failure of a person’s adaptive mechanisms to counteract stimuli and stresses
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adequately, resulting in functional or structural disturbances
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b. Disease and illness are components of a struggle for balance in the bodily systems
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c. The failure of a person’s bodily systems in responding to stresses, resulting in a hormonal
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imbalance
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d. The assault by stimuli and stress on the body’s core defence systems
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ANS: A g4




Disease may be defined as the failure of a person’s adaptive mechanisms to counteract stimuli
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and stresses adequately, resulting in functional or structural disturbances. This definition is an
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ecological concept of disease, which uses multiple factors to determine the cause of disease,
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rather than describing a single cause. Disease and illness are not synonymous.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) REF: Disease, Illness, and Health OBJ:
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Assessment MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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2. How can health be defined?
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a. As the absence of disease and illness
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b. As the person’s philosophy for living in harmony with their environment
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c. Astate of physical, mental, and spiritual well-being
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d. Astate of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person’s
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g4potential and is experienced within a developmental context. g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4




ANS: D g4




Definitions of health have evolved as the nature of health and illness becomes better
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understood. Health is much more than the absence of disease and illness. It is a state of
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physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person’s potential and is
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experienced within a developmental context.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: Health and Wellness OBJ:
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MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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3. The 1986 Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion document provides a blueprint for health
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promotion in Canada. Which of the following statements is correct concerning this model? a.
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The focus is on environment and the ability to achieve health on a personal and societal level.
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b. It depicts health promotion as the process of enabling people to increase control over
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and improve their health.
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c. It provides a view of health promotion that is focused on people taking control of
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their own health.
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d. It is most closely aligned with a clinical model of health.
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, ANS: B g4




The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion provides a blueprint for health promotion in
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Canada. Within this model, health promotion is depicted as the process of enabling people to
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increase control over and improve their health.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: Health Promotion OBJ:
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MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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4. Which of the following is a tool used to measure quality of life?
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a. CDCQOL-BREF (from the Centers for Disease Control) g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4




b. McGowan Quality of Life Questionnaire g4 g4 g4 g4




c. WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization) g4 g4 g4




d. Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion g4 g4 g4 g4




ANS: C g4




Multiple tools are available for measuring quality of life, including a general measure
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established by the World Health Organization Quality of Life, WHOQOL-BREF and the
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McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire for use at the end of life. The Ottawa Charter for Health
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Promotion provides a framework for health promotion, rather than measuring quality of life.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: Health Promotion OBJ:
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Assessment MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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5. Which of the following best describes a care recipient who has an illness?
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a. Someone who has well-controlled diabetes g4 g4 g4 g4




b. Someone with hypercholesterolemia g4 g4




c. Someone with a headache g4 g4 g4




d. Someone with coronary artery disease without angina g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4




ANS: C g4




Someone with a headache represents a person with an illness. An illness is made up of the
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subjective experience of the individual and the physical manifestation of disease. It can be
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described as a response characterized by a mismatch between a person’s needs and the
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resources available to meet those needs. Aperson can have a disease without feeling ill. The
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other choices represent disease.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis) REF: Disease, Illness, and Health OBJ:
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Assessment MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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6. Which Canadian report is considered to be a landmark document in creating a global
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g4approach to health? g4 g4




a. Population Health Promotion Model g4 g4 g4




b. Healthy People 2020 g4 g4




c. Framework for Health Promotion in Canada g4 g4 g4 g4 g4




d. World Health Organization Quality of Life g4 g4 g4 g4 g4




ANS: C g4




By the mid-1980s, Canada became a world leader in the formulation of health-promotion
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ideals and strategies, particularly with the unveiling of the Framework for Health Promotion in
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Canada at the first World Health Organization (WHO) conference on health promotion in
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Ottawa. The overall goal of “achieving health for all” in this report identifies three health
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, challenges: reducing inequities, increasing prevention, and enhancing coping. The three
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health-promotion mechanisms to address these challenges are self-care, mutual aid, and
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healthy environments. The final component of the framework consists of three
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implementation strategies: fostering public participation, strengthening community health
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services; and coordinating health public policy.
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Healthy People 2020 is a US-based document to guide planning for health care. The WHO
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Quality of Life tool is a quality of life measurement tool used by health care workers. The
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Population Health Promotion Model was developed to provide an overall framework to guide health
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promotion by blending both health promotion and population health concepts.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge)
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REF: The Evolution of Health Promotion in Canada OBJ: 3 TOP: Planning
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MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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7. Which of the following is one of the three programs that the Public HealthAgency of Canada
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(PHAC) is focused on for improving the health of Canadians?
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a. Decreased tobacco use in youth throughout the country g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4




b. Health promotion and disease prevention g4 g4 g4 g4




c. Increased public funding for health insurance g4 g4 g4 g4 g4




d. Decreased hospital re-admission rates g4 g4 g4




ANS: B g4




The aim of the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) is to promote and protect the health of
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Canadians through leadership, partnership, innovation, and action in public health. Among the
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agency’s recent plans are three programs: public health infrastructure; health promotion and
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disease prevention; and health security. Choices A, C, and D are possible strategies to achieve
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the goals of this program.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge)
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REF:The Role of the Public Health Agency of Canada in Health Promotion, Prevention, and
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Protection
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MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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8. Which of the following represents a method of primary prevention?
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a. Informational session about healthy lifestyles g4 g4 g4 g4




b. Blood pressure screening g4 g4




c. Interventional cardiac catheterization g4 g4




d. Diagnostic cardiac catheterization g4 g4




ANS: A g4




Primary prevention precedes disease or dysfunction. It includes health promotion and specific
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protection and encourages increased awareness; thus, education about healthy lifestyles fits
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this definition. Blood pressure screening does not prevent disease, but instead identifies it.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
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g4 OBJ: 5 TOP: Planning
g 4 MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance g4 g4 g4 g4 g4




9. Which of the following represents a method of secondary prevention?
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a. Education about breast self-examination g4 g4 g4




b. Yearly mammograms g4




c. Chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer g4 g4 g4 g4




d. Complete mastectomy for breast cancer g4 g4 g4 g4

, ANS: B g4




Screening is secondary prevention because the principal goal of screenings is to identify
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individuals in an early, detectable stage of the disease process.A mammogram is a screening tool
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for breast cancer and, thus, is considered a method of secondary prevention.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: Levels of Prevention OBJ:
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MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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10. Which of the following represents a method of tertiary prevention?
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a. Drunk driving campaign g4 g4




b. Road blocks for drunk driving g4 g4 g4 g4




c. Emergency surgery for head trauma after a motor vehicle accident g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4




d. Physiotherapy and occupational therapy after a motor vehicle accident with head g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4




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ANS: D g4




Physiotherapy and occupational therapy are considered tertiary prevention. Tertiary g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4 g4




prevention occurs when a defect or disability is permanent and irreversible. It involves
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minimizing the effect of disease and disability. The objective of tertiary prevention is to
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maximize remaining capacities.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: Levels of Prevention OBJ:
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MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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11. In reviewing a person’s medical history, a nurse realizes that the individual with moderate
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persistent asthma has had several emergency department visits and is not on inhaled steroids
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as recommended by the best practice guidelines for asthma management. The nurse discusses
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this with the person’s primary care provider. In this scenario, the nurse is acting as a(n): a.
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Advocate.
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b. Care coordinator. g4




c. Consultant or collaborator. g4 g4




d. Educator.
ANS: B g4




Care coordinators act to prevent duplication of services, maintain quality and safety, and
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reduce costs. Care coordinators base recommendations on reliable data sources such as
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evidence-informed practices and protocols.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
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REF: Nursing Roles in Health Promotion, Prevention, and Protection OBJ:
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Assessment MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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12. During a home visit, a nurse assists an individual to complete an application for disability
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services. The nurse is acting as a(n): a. Advocate.
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b. Care coordinator. g4




c. Consultant or collaborator. g4 g4




d. Educator.
ANS: A g4