NUR 3125 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
EXAM|140QS&AS|-SEMINOLE STATE COLLEGE
The __________________________________________ is Non specific, rapidly initiated, and
has no memory cells, and is made up of both cellular and chemical
components..
inflammatory response
The inflammatory response is initiated by :
nfection, mechanical damage, ischemia, nutrient deprivation, temperature
extremes, radiation, etc
What are the goals of inflammation?
-Limit and control the inflammatory process
-Prevent and limit infection and further damage
-Initiate adaptive immune response
-Initiate healing- prepare the area of injury for healing
What occurs on cellular level right after tissue injury?
Production and release of inflammatory mediators (cytokines and mast cells)
,_____________________________ Regulate innate or adaptive resistance by affecting
other neighboring cells.
Chemokines or cytokines
*cellular mediators of inflammation
-Are either proinflammatory or antiinflammatory.
-Are either synergistic or antagonistic.
*Include interleukins, interferons, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)*
Actions of chemokines/cytokines are pleiotropic, which means:
The same molecule may have a large variety of different biologic activities,
depending on the particular target cell to which it binds.
Produced primarily by macrophages and lymphocytes in response to a
pathogen or stimulation by other products of inflammation
interleukins
____________ is a proinflammatory cytokine: Causes fever.
,IL-1
interleukin 1
______________ is a proinflammatory cytokine: Helps with healing.
IL-6
interleukin 6
______________ and _____________________________ are antiinflammatory cytokine.
IL-10 (interleukin 10) and Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)
What is the purpose of interferons?
-Protect against viral infections.
-Are produced and released by virally infected host cells in response to viral
double-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA).
-Do not directly kill viruses but prevent them from infecting additional healthy
cells.
, __________ and _____________ Induce the production of antiviral proteins.
IFN-α and IFN-β
_______________ Increases microbiocidal activity of macrophages.
IFN-γ
___________________________ Predominate in early inflammatory responses
Neutrophils
*Also referred to as polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs)
Neutrophils account for _____________________ of Phagocytes.
60-76%
Neutrophils:
Ingest bacteria, dead cells, and cellular debris
EXAM|140QS&AS|-SEMINOLE STATE COLLEGE
The __________________________________________ is Non specific, rapidly initiated, and
has no memory cells, and is made up of both cellular and chemical
components..
inflammatory response
The inflammatory response is initiated by :
nfection, mechanical damage, ischemia, nutrient deprivation, temperature
extremes, radiation, etc
What are the goals of inflammation?
-Limit and control the inflammatory process
-Prevent and limit infection and further damage
-Initiate adaptive immune response
-Initiate healing- prepare the area of injury for healing
What occurs on cellular level right after tissue injury?
Production and release of inflammatory mediators (cytokines and mast cells)
,_____________________________ Regulate innate or adaptive resistance by affecting
other neighboring cells.
Chemokines or cytokines
*cellular mediators of inflammation
-Are either proinflammatory or antiinflammatory.
-Are either synergistic or antagonistic.
*Include interleukins, interferons, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)*
Actions of chemokines/cytokines are pleiotropic, which means:
The same molecule may have a large variety of different biologic activities,
depending on the particular target cell to which it binds.
Produced primarily by macrophages and lymphocytes in response to a
pathogen or stimulation by other products of inflammation
interleukins
____________ is a proinflammatory cytokine: Causes fever.
,IL-1
interleukin 1
______________ is a proinflammatory cytokine: Helps with healing.
IL-6
interleukin 6
______________ and _____________________________ are antiinflammatory cytokine.
IL-10 (interleukin 10) and Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)
What is the purpose of interferons?
-Protect against viral infections.
-Are produced and released by virally infected host cells in response to viral
double-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA).
-Do not directly kill viruses but prevent them from infecting additional healthy
cells.
, __________ and _____________ Induce the production of antiviral proteins.
IFN-α and IFN-β
_______________ Increases microbiocidal activity of macrophages.
IFN-γ
___________________________ Predominate in early inflammatory responses
Neutrophils
*Also referred to as polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs)
Neutrophils account for _____________________ of Phagocytes.
60-76%
Neutrophils:
Ingest bacteria, dead cells, and cellular debris
