N192 Exam 2 Questions With
Accurate Answers
Nursing Process - ANSWER Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
assessing description - ANSWER collecting, organizing, validating, and
documenting client data
Assessing: purpose - ANSWER Make a judgment about the patient's health
status, ability to manage his or her own health care, and need for nursing. Plan
individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to
changes in the patient's conditions.
Assessing activities - ANSWER 1. Establish the database: Nursing history.
Physical assessment. Review of patient record and nursing literature.
Consultation with the patient's support people and health care professionals.
2. Continuously update the database.
3. Validate data.
4. Communicate data.
Diagnosing: description - ANSWER Analysis of patient data to identify patient
strengths and health problems that independent nursing intervention can
prevent or resolve
Diagnosing Purpose - ANSWER Develop a prioritized list of nursing diagnoses/
problems/ issues
Diagnosing: activities - ANSWER 1. Interpret and analyze patient data.
2. Identify patient strengths and health problems.
3. Formulate and validate nursing diagnoses/problems.
4. Develop prioritized list of nursing diagnoses/problems.
Outcome identification and planning description - ANSWER Specification of (1)
patient outcomes to prevent, reduce, or resolve the problems identified in the
nursing diagnoses; and (2) related nursing interventions
,Outcome identification and planning purpose - ANSWER Develop an
individualized plan of nursing care. Identify patient strengths that can be tapped
to facilitate achievement of desired outcomes.
Outcome identification and planning activities - ANSWER 1. Establish priorities.
2. Write outcomes and develop an evaluative strategy.
3. Select nursing interventions.
4. Communicate plan of nursing care.
Implementing description - ANSWER carrying out the care plan
Implementing purpose - ANSWER Assist patients to achieve desired outcomes—
promote wellness, prevent disease and illness, restore health, and facilitate
coping with altered functioning.
Implementing activities - ANSWER 1. Carry out the care plan.
2. Continue data collection, and modify the care plan as needed.
3. Document care.
Evaluating: description - ANSWER Measuring the extent to which the patient has
achieved the outcomes specified in the care plan; identifying factors that
positively or negatively influenced outcome achievement; revising the care plan
if necessary
Evaluating purpose - ANSWER Continue, modify, or terminate nursing care.
Evaluating activities - ANSWER Continue, modify, or terminate nursing care.
You check on patient who had abdominal surgery yesterday. hear the patient
has pain: "It kept me up all night." The patient has been reluctant to ask for pain
medication, fearing effects of the drug. "I don't want to become junkie." patient's
blood pressure and pulse rate are slightly elevated. - ANSWER Assessing
You analyze the data just described and write the nursing diagnosis: Unrelieved
pain related to a fear of taking pain-relieving medications. The patient agrees
that this is becoming a problem. - ANSWER Diagnosing
You decide to work with the patient to achieve the outcome: By 1500, patient
reports sufficient relief of pain to enable him to rest and to get out of bed to go to
the bathroom. The patient wants to accomplish the outcome. You identify
teaching as the primary nursing intervention. - ANSWER Outcome Identification
and Planning
After asking the patient about his experiences with pain-relieving medications,
you explain that although many of these drugs are addictive when abused, there
is no harm if they are taken as prescribed postoperatively. You also explain that
,it is important for him to experience enough pain relief to be able to cough and
deep breathe, ambulate, and do other things important to his recovery. You
suggest that the medication will be most effective if taken before his pain peaks
and becomes intense. You administer the prescribed medication for pain when
the patient indicates that he is willing to give it a try. - ANSWER Implementing
After enough time has elapsed for the medication to take effect, you check back
with the patient to evaluate whether he has obtained relief and met his outcome.
If the patient is satisfied and you both feel that comfort is no longer a problem,
you terminate the care plan for this diagnosis. If the patient still feels pain or is
dissatisfied with the medication, each of the preceding steps of the nursing
process is re-evaluated, and necessary changes are made in the care plan. -
ANSWER Evaluating
Nursing function - ANSWER to use the nursing process to promote health/
preventing disease. Restore health. Facilitate coping with altered function
Nurses and patients work together as partners to - ANSWER promote health.
prevent disease and illness.
restore health.
facilitate coping with altered functioning
Characteristics of the Nursing Process - ANSWER systematic, dynamic,
interpersonal, outcome oriented, universally applicable
Systematic - ANSWER part of an ordered sequence of activities
Dynamic - ANSWER great interaction and overlapping among the five steps
Interpersonal - ANSWER human being is always at the heart of nursing
Outcome oriented - ANSWER nurses and patients work together to identify
outcomes
Universally applicable - ANSWER a framework for all nursing activities
A Formal Plan of Care Allows the Nurse to: - ANSWER Set priorities.
Work collaboratively with the patient.
Individualize care and maximize outcome achievement.
Coordinate care and promote continuity of high-quality, cost-effective care.
Evaluate patient response to nursing care.
Critical Thinking and Clinical Reasoning - ANSWER Is purposeful, informed,
outcome-focused thinking.
Is driven by patient, family, and community needs.
Is based on principles of nursing process and scientific method.
, Uses both intuition and logic, based on knowledge, skills, and experience.
Is constantly reevaluating, self-correcting, and striving to improve
Critical thinking - ANSWER a broad term—includes reasoning both outside and
inside the clinical setting. Clinical reasoning and clinical judgment are key
pieces of critical thinking in nursing.
clinical reasoning - ANSWER a specific term—usually refers to ways of thinking
about patient care issues (determining, preventing, and managing patient
problems). For reasoning about other clinical issues (e.g., teamwork,
collaboration, and streamlining work flow), nurses usually use critical thinking
clinical judgement - ANSWER refers to the result (outcome) of critical thinking or
clinical reasoning; the conclusion, decision, or opinion a nurse makes
QSEN competencies - ANSWER Patient-Centered Care.
Teamwork and Collaboration.
Evidence-Based Practice.
Quality Improvement.
Safety.
Informatics.
critical thinking steps - ANSWER look, collect, process, decide, plan, act,
evaluate, and reflect
Effective use of the Critical Reasoning model by nursing students and its
application in practice by novice nurses are directly linked to the five rights of
clinical reasoning: - ANSWER the ability to collect the right cues and take the
right action for the right patient at the right time and for the right reason
The demand on nurses to execute higher-order reasoning skills is increasing as
clinical environments become more complex. This complexity requires nurses to
be capable of - ANSWER clear, ordered thinking, identifying problems
accurately, and effective decision making that demonstrates good clinical
judgment
Clinical reasoning includes the ability to - ANSWER recognize clinical problems
and to solve them using the cognitive skills of critical thinking, creative thinking,
and intuitive thinking.
in order to make a clinical judgment and come to a decision that results in a
nursing action. You may find it helpful to ask: - ANSWER What did you observe?
What do you make of what you saw?
What course of action will you take?
Accurate Answers
Nursing Process - ANSWER Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
assessing description - ANSWER collecting, organizing, validating, and
documenting client data
Assessing: purpose - ANSWER Make a judgment about the patient's health
status, ability to manage his or her own health care, and need for nursing. Plan
individualized holistic care that draws on patient strengths and is responsive to
changes in the patient's conditions.
Assessing activities - ANSWER 1. Establish the database: Nursing history.
Physical assessment. Review of patient record and nursing literature.
Consultation with the patient's support people and health care professionals.
2. Continuously update the database.
3. Validate data.
4. Communicate data.
Diagnosing: description - ANSWER Analysis of patient data to identify patient
strengths and health problems that independent nursing intervention can
prevent or resolve
Diagnosing Purpose - ANSWER Develop a prioritized list of nursing diagnoses/
problems/ issues
Diagnosing: activities - ANSWER 1. Interpret and analyze patient data.
2. Identify patient strengths and health problems.
3. Formulate and validate nursing diagnoses/problems.
4. Develop prioritized list of nursing diagnoses/problems.
Outcome identification and planning description - ANSWER Specification of (1)
patient outcomes to prevent, reduce, or resolve the problems identified in the
nursing diagnoses; and (2) related nursing interventions
,Outcome identification and planning purpose - ANSWER Develop an
individualized plan of nursing care. Identify patient strengths that can be tapped
to facilitate achievement of desired outcomes.
Outcome identification and planning activities - ANSWER 1. Establish priorities.
2. Write outcomes and develop an evaluative strategy.
3. Select nursing interventions.
4. Communicate plan of nursing care.
Implementing description - ANSWER carrying out the care plan
Implementing purpose - ANSWER Assist patients to achieve desired outcomes—
promote wellness, prevent disease and illness, restore health, and facilitate
coping with altered functioning.
Implementing activities - ANSWER 1. Carry out the care plan.
2. Continue data collection, and modify the care plan as needed.
3. Document care.
Evaluating: description - ANSWER Measuring the extent to which the patient has
achieved the outcomes specified in the care plan; identifying factors that
positively or negatively influenced outcome achievement; revising the care plan
if necessary
Evaluating purpose - ANSWER Continue, modify, or terminate nursing care.
Evaluating activities - ANSWER Continue, modify, or terminate nursing care.
You check on patient who had abdominal surgery yesterday. hear the patient
has pain: "It kept me up all night." The patient has been reluctant to ask for pain
medication, fearing effects of the drug. "I don't want to become junkie." patient's
blood pressure and pulse rate are slightly elevated. - ANSWER Assessing
You analyze the data just described and write the nursing diagnosis: Unrelieved
pain related to a fear of taking pain-relieving medications. The patient agrees
that this is becoming a problem. - ANSWER Diagnosing
You decide to work with the patient to achieve the outcome: By 1500, patient
reports sufficient relief of pain to enable him to rest and to get out of bed to go to
the bathroom. The patient wants to accomplish the outcome. You identify
teaching as the primary nursing intervention. - ANSWER Outcome Identification
and Planning
After asking the patient about his experiences with pain-relieving medications,
you explain that although many of these drugs are addictive when abused, there
is no harm if they are taken as prescribed postoperatively. You also explain that
,it is important for him to experience enough pain relief to be able to cough and
deep breathe, ambulate, and do other things important to his recovery. You
suggest that the medication will be most effective if taken before his pain peaks
and becomes intense. You administer the prescribed medication for pain when
the patient indicates that he is willing to give it a try. - ANSWER Implementing
After enough time has elapsed for the medication to take effect, you check back
with the patient to evaluate whether he has obtained relief and met his outcome.
If the patient is satisfied and you both feel that comfort is no longer a problem,
you terminate the care plan for this diagnosis. If the patient still feels pain or is
dissatisfied with the medication, each of the preceding steps of the nursing
process is re-evaluated, and necessary changes are made in the care plan. -
ANSWER Evaluating
Nursing function - ANSWER to use the nursing process to promote health/
preventing disease. Restore health. Facilitate coping with altered function
Nurses and patients work together as partners to - ANSWER promote health.
prevent disease and illness.
restore health.
facilitate coping with altered functioning
Characteristics of the Nursing Process - ANSWER systematic, dynamic,
interpersonal, outcome oriented, universally applicable
Systematic - ANSWER part of an ordered sequence of activities
Dynamic - ANSWER great interaction and overlapping among the five steps
Interpersonal - ANSWER human being is always at the heart of nursing
Outcome oriented - ANSWER nurses and patients work together to identify
outcomes
Universally applicable - ANSWER a framework for all nursing activities
A Formal Plan of Care Allows the Nurse to: - ANSWER Set priorities.
Work collaboratively with the patient.
Individualize care and maximize outcome achievement.
Coordinate care and promote continuity of high-quality, cost-effective care.
Evaluate patient response to nursing care.
Critical Thinking and Clinical Reasoning - ANSWER Is purposeful, informed,
outcome-focused thinking.
Is driven by patient, family, and community needs.
Is based on principles of nursing process and scientific method.
, Uses both intuition and logic, based on knowledge, skills, and experience.
Is constantly reevaluating, self-correcting, and striving to improve
Critical thinking - ANSWER a broad term—includes reasoning both outside and
inside the clinical setting. Clinical reasoning and clinical judgment are key
pieces of critical thinking in nursing.
clinical reasoning - ANSWER a specific term—usually refers to ways of thinking
about patient care issues (determining, preventing, and managing patient
problems). For reasoning about other clinical issues (e.g., teamwork,
collaboration, and streamlining work flow), nurses usually use critical thinking
clinical judgement - ANSWER refers to the result (outcome) of critical thinking or
clinical reasoning; the conclusion, decision, or opinion a nurse makes
QSEN competencies - ANSWER Patient-Centered Care.
Teamwork and Collaboration.
Evidence-Based Practice.
Quality Improvement.
Safety.
Informatics.
critical thinking steps - ANSWER look, collect, process, decide, plan, act,
evaluate, and reflect
Effective use of the Critical Reasoning model by nursing students and its
application in practice by novice nurses are directly linked to the five rights of
clinical reasoning: - ANSWER the ability to collect the right cues and take the
right action for the right patient at the right time and for the right reason
The demand on nurses to execute higher-order reasoning skills is increasing as
clinical environments become more complex. This complexity requires nurses to
be capable of - ANSWER clear, ordered thinking, identifying problems
accurately, and effective decision making that demonstrates good clinical
judgment
Clinical reasoning includes the ability to - ANSWER recognize clinical problems
and to solve them using the cognitive skills of critical thinking, creative thinking,
and intuitive thinking.
in order to make a clinical judgment and come to a decision that results in a
nursing action. You may find it helpful to ask: - ANSWER What did you observe?
What do you make of what you saw?
What course of action will you take?
