NBRC CSE exam UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Weakening and permanent enlargement of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, often
accompanied by hypertrophy of the goblet cells and mucus glands. Characterized by dyspnea on exertion
with significant hypercapnea - CORRECT ANSWER -Emphysema/ Chronic Bronchitis
What are 5 terms/phrases that are used to describe a patient with COPD - CORRECT ANSWER -1.
Chronic Ventilatory Failure
2. Chronic Hypercapnea
3. Increased lung compliance
4. Loss of elastic recoil
5. Chronic CO2 retention
What would the general appearance of someone with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis look like -
CORRECT ANSWER -Barrel chested, Clubbing and cyanosis
What would the respiratory pattern of someone with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis be - CORRECT
ANSWER -Dyspnea, accessory muscle use, pursed-lip breathing
What would the breath sounds of someone with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis sound like - CORRECT
ANSWER -Diminished aeration with bilateral expiratory wheeze
During patient assessment what would be a fast easy diagnostic test for someone with COPD/ Chronic
bronchiectasis - CORRECT ANSWER -Diagnostic chest percussion - tympanic or hyper resonant
What would the cough of someone with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis consist of - CORRECT
ANSWER -Congested, Productive of thick sputum
What would be 3 diagnostic tests used to diagnose COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis - CORRECT
ANSWER -1. Chest X-ray
2. ABG
,3. PFT
What would the X-ray of someone with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis look like - CORRECT
ANSWER -Hyperlucency, hyperinflation, increased A-P diameter, flattened diaphragm
What would be effected in a PFT for a patient with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis - CORRECT
ANSWER -Decreased flows
What SpO2 do you want for a patient with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis - CORRECT
ANSWER -88-92% (Treat with Low O2)
What kind of aerosolized bronchodilators can be used for patients with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis -
CORRECT ANSWER -SABA- Albuterol or Levalbuterol
LABA- Salmeterol, formoterol (Must be given with corticosteroid- budesonide, Fluticasone)
Anticholinergic- Ipratropium, Tiotropium
For an acute exacerbation of ventilatory failure in a patient with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis what
should be done to support them - CORRECT ANSWER -NPPV
A chronic inflammatory, obstructive, non-contagious airway disease with varying levels of severity,
characterized by exacerbations of wheezing and coughing - CORRECT ANSWER -Asthma
What would the general appearance of someone with an asthma exacerbation look like - CORRECT
ANSWER -Pursed-lip breathing, chest tightness, increased A-P diameter during episode,
Diaphoresis
What would the breathing pattern of someone with an asthma exacerbation look like - CORRECT
ANSWER -Accessory muscle usage, Retractions (especially in children)
What would diagnostic Chest percussion sound like in someone with an asthma exacerbation -
CORRECT ANSWER -Hyperresonant/tympanic note
, What would breath sounds be in someone with an asthma exacerbation - CORRECT ANSWER -
Diffuse wheeze, diminished breath sounds, prolonged expiration
What would the vital signs be in someone with an asthma exacerbation - CORRECT ANSWER -
Tachycardia, Tachypnea, pulsus paradoxus during severe episode (Drop in BP when breathing in)
What 3 diagnostic tests would help diagnosis someone with asthma - CORRECT ANSWER -1. X-
ray
2. ABG
3. PFT
What would the x-ray of someone with asthma look like - CORRECT ANSWER -During acute
episode increased A-P diameter, translucent (dark) lung fields, depressed or flattened diaphragms
What would the PFT of someone with asthma look like - CORRECT ANSWER -1. Spirometry
shows reduced flow rates
2. Post bronchodilator spirometry increases FEV1 at least 12% and 200 ml
3. Bronchial provocation test: FEV1 decreases significantly when provocation agent, such as
methacholine is inhaled
What would the treatment be for someone with an acute asthma exacerbation - CORRECT
ANSWER --O2
-Aerosol Therapy with SABA and anticholinergic agents (Albuterol or Levalbuterol, Ipratropium or
Tiotropium) consider continuous aerosol Therapy
-Corticosteroids (Oral or IV)
-Intubation and mechanical ventilation if ventilatory or respiratory arrest occur
-Consider adjunct therapies: Heliox therapy, magnesium sulfate, subcutaneous epinephrine
What are control medications for asthma - CORRECT ANSWER -LABA: Salmeterol, formoterol
(Must be given with corticosteroid- budesonide, Fluticasone)
Mast cell stabilizers: Cromolyn
Leukotriene inhibitors: montelukast
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Weakening and permanent enlargement of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, often
accompanied by hypertrophy of the goblet cells and mucus glands. Characterized by dyspnea on exertion
with significant hypercapnea - CORRECT ANSWER -Emphysema/ Chronic Bronchitis
What are 5 terms/phrases that are used to describe a patient with COPD - CORRECT ANSWER -1.
Chronic Ventilatory Failure
2. Chronic Hypercapnea
3. Increased lung compliance
4. Loss of elastic recoil
5. Chronic CO2 retention
What would the general appearance of someone with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis look like -
CORRECT ANSWER -Barrel chested, Clubbing and cyanosis
What would the respiratory pattern of someone with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis be - CORRECT
ANSWER -Dyspnea, accessory muscle use, pursed-lip breathing
What would the breath sounds of someone with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis sound like - CORRECT
ANSWER -Diminished aeration with bilateral expiratory wheeze
During patient assessment what would be a fast easy diagnostic test for someone with COPD/ Chronic
bronchiectasis - CORRECT ANSWER -Diagnostic chest percussion - tympanic or hyper resonant
What would the cough of someone with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis consist of - CORRECT
ANSWER -Congested, Productive of thick sputum
What would be 3 diagnostic tests used to diagnose COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis - CORRECT
ANSWER -1. Chest X-ray
2. ABG
,3. PFT
What would the X-ray of someone with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis look like - CORRECT
ANSWER -Hyperlucency, hyperinflation, increased A-P diameter, flattened diaphragm
What would be effected in a PFT for a patient with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis - CORRECT
ANSWER -Decreased flows
What SpO2 do you want for a patient with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis - CORRECT
ANSWER -88-92% (Treat with Low O2)
What kind of aerosolized bronchodilators can be used for patients with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis -
CORRECT ANSWER -SABA- Albuterol or Levalbuterol
LABA- Salmeterol, formoterol (Must be given with corticosteroid- budesonide, Fluticasone)
Anticholinergic- Ipratropium, Tiotropium
For an acute exacerbation of ventilatory failure in a patient with COPD/ Chronic bronchiectasis what
should be done to support them - CORRECT ANSWER -NPPV
A chronic inflammatory, obstructive, non-contagious airway disease with varying levels of severity,
characterized by exacerbations of wheezing and coughing - CORRECT ANSWER -Asthma
What would the general appearance of someone with an asthma exacerbation look like - CORRECT
ANSWER -Pursed-lip breathing, chest tightness, increased A-P diameter during episode,
Diaphoresis
What would the breathing pattern of someone with an asthma exacerbation look like - CORRECT
ANSWER -Accessory muscle usage, Retractions (especially in children)
What would diagnostic Chest percussion sound like in someone with an asthma exacerbation -
CORRECT ANSWER -Hyperresonant/tympanic note
, What would breath sounds be in someone with an asthma exacerbation - CORRECT ANSWER -
Diffuse wheeze, diminished breath sounds, prolonged expiration
What would the vital signs be in someone with an asthma exacerbation - CORRECT ANSWER -
Tachycardia, Tachypnea, pulsus paradoxus during severe episode (Drop in BP when breathing in)
What 3 diagnostic tests would help diagnosis someone with asthma - CORRECT ANSWER -1. X-
ray
2. ABG
3. PFT
What would the x-ray of someone with asthma look like - CORRECT ANSWER -During acute
episode increased A-P diameter, translucent (dark) lung fields, depressed or flattened diaphragms
What would the PFT of someone with asthma look like - CORRECT ANSWER -1. Spirometry
shows reduced flow rates
2. Post bronchodilator spirometry increases FEV1 at least 12% and 200 ml
3. Bronchial provocation test: FEV1 decreases significantly when provocation agent, such as
methacholine is inhaled
What would the treatment be for someone with an acute asthma exacerbation - CORRECT
ANSWER --O2
-Aerosol Therapy with SABA and anticholinergic agents (Albuterol or Levalbuterol, Ipratropium or
Tiotropium) consider continuous aerosol Therapy
-Corticosteroids (Oral or IV)
-Intubation and mechanical ventilation if ventilatory or respiratory arrest occur
-Consider adjunct therapies: Heliox therapy, magnesium sulfate, subcutaneous epinephrine
What are control medications for asthma - CORRECT ANSWER -LABA: Salmeterol, formoterol
(Must be given with corticosteroid- budesonide, Fluticasone)
Mast cell stabilizers: Cromolyn
Leukotriene inhibitors: montelukast
