VIRTUAL ATI PHARMACOLOGY REVIEW 2026
FINAL REVIEW PACK COMPLETE QUESTION
SET AND CORE CONCEPT SUMMARY
◉ What are classic signs of benzodiazepine overdose? Answer: Over-
sedation, CNS depression, respiratory depression.
◉ What is the antidote for benzodiazepine overdose? Answer:
Flumazenil (Romazicon).
◉ What symptoms indicate cholinergic excess? Answer:
Bradycardia, diarrhea, cramps, bronchospasm, secretions.
◉ What is the antidote for cholinergic excess? Answer: Atropine.
◉ What are the symptoms of atropine/anticholinergic toxicity?
Answer: Hot, dry skin, blurred vision, urinary retention, tachycardia,
delirium.
◉ What is the treatment for atropine overdose? Answer:
Physostigmine.
,◉ What are the signs of beta-blocker overdose? Answer:
Bradycardia, hypotension, heart block.
◉ What is the treatment for beta-blocker overdose? Answer:
Atropine; pacing, vasopressors, supportive care.
◉ What is a major risk when combining opioids and
benzodiazepines? Answer: Major respiratory depression risk; avoid
combination whenever possible.
◉ What is the classic clue for aspirin/salicylate toxicity? Answer:
Tinnitus.
◉ What is the standard treatment for acetaminophen toxicity?
Answer: N-acetylcysteine.
◉ What are the symptoms of lithium toxicity? Answer: Tremor,
lethargy, GI upset, ataxia; worsens when sodium is low.
◉ What should be monitored in cases of lithium toxicity? Answer:
Sodium and lithium levels; provide supportive care.
◉ What are the signs of serotonin syndrome? Answer: Agitation,
tremor, hyperreflexia, sweating, fever.
,◉ What is the treatment for serotonin syndrome? Answer: Stop
serotonergic drugs; provide supportive care.
◉ What are the symptoms of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
(NMS)? Answer: High fever, muscle rigidity, unstable vital signs.
◉ What is the treatment for NMS? Answer: Stop antipsychotic
medication; provide emergency supportive care.
◉ What are common endings for benzodiazepines? Answer: -pam, -
lam (e.g., alprazolam, lorazepam).
◉ What is the mechanism of action for benzodiazepines? Answer:
Boost GABA to slow down brain activity.
◉ What are key indications for benzodiazepines? Answer: Anxiety,
insomnia, sedation, alcohol withdrawal, agitation.
◉ What are the most tested adverse effects of benzodiazepines?
Answer: Sedation, respiratory depression, confusion, blurred vision.
, ◉ What should be monitored in patients taking benzodiazepines?
Answer: Level of consciousness, fall risk, respiratory status, blood
pressure.
◉ What are common endings for tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?
Answer: -triptyline, -pramine (e.g., amitriptyline, imipramine).
◉ What is the mechanism of action for TCAs? Answer: Block
presynaptic reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin.
◉ What are key indications for TCAs? Answer: Major depression,
OCD, chronic neuropathic pain.
◉ What are the most tested adverse effects of TCAs? Answer:
Sedation, anticholinergic effects, orthostatic hypotension.
◉ What is the mnemonic for Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
(MAOIs)? Answer: TIPS = tranylcypromine, isocarboxazid,
phenelzine, selegiline.
◉ What is the mechanism of action for MAOIs? Answer: Irreversibly
inhibit monoamine oxidase, increasing norepinephrine and
serotonin.
FINAL REVIEW PACK COMPLETE QUESTION
SET AND CORE CONCEPT SUMMARY
◉ What are classic signs of benzodiazepine overdose? Answer: Over-
sedation, CNS depression, respiratory depression.
◉ What is the antidote for benzodiazepine overdose? Answer:
Flumazenil (Romazicon).
◉ What symptoms indicate cholinergic excess? Answer:
Bradycardia, diarrhea, cramps, bronchospasm, secretions.
◉ What is the antidote for cholinergic excess? Answer: Atropine.
◉ What are the symptoms of atropine/anticholinergic toxicity?
Answer: Hot, dry skin, blurred vision, urinary retention, tachycardia,
delirium.
◉ What is the treatment for atropine overdose? Answer:
Physostigmine.
,◉ What are the signs of beta-blocker overdose? Answer:
Bradycardia, hypotension, heart block.
◉ What is the treatment for beta-blocker overdose? Answer:
Atropine; pacing, vasopressors, supportive care.
◉ What is a major risk when combining opioids and
benzodiazepines? Answer: Major respiratory depression risk; avoid
combination whenever possible.
◉ What is the classic clue for aspirin/salicylate toxicity? Answer:
Tinnitus.
◉ What is the standard treatment for acetaminophen toxicity?
Answer: N-acetylcysteine.
◉ What are the symptoms of lithium toxicity? Answer: Tremor,
lethargy, GI upset, ataxia; worsens when sodium is low.
◉ What should be monitored in cases of lithium toxicity? Answer:
Sodium and lithium levels; provide supportive care.
◉ What are the signs of serotonin syndrome? Answer: Agitation,
tremor, hyperreflexia, sweating, fever.
,◉ What is the treatment for serotonin syndrome? Answer: Stop
serotonergic drugs; provide supportive care.
◉ What are the symptoms of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
(NMS)? Answer: High fever, muscle rigidity, unstable vital signs.
◉ What is the treatment for NMS? Answer: Stop antipsychotic
medication; provide emergency supportive care.
◉ What are common endings for benzodiazepines? Answer: -pam, -
lam (e.g., alprazolam, lorazepam).
◉ What is the mechanism of action for benzodiazepines? Answer:
Boost GABA to slow down brain activity.
◉ What are key indications for benzodiazepines? Answer: Anxiety,
insomnia, sedation, alcohol withdrawal, agitation.
◉ What are the most tested adverse effects of benzodiazepines?
Answer: Sedation, respiratory depression, confusion, blurred vision.
, ◉ What should be monitored in patients taking benzodiazepines?
Answer: Level of consciousness, fall risk, respiratory status, blood
pressure.
◉ What are common endings for tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?
Answer: -triptyline, -pramine (e.g., amitriptyline, imipramine).
◉ What is the mechanism of action for TCAs? Answer: Block
presynaptic reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin.
◉ What are key indications for TCAs? Answer: Major depression,
OCD, chronic neuropathic pain.
◉ What are the most tested adverse effects of TCAs? Answer:
Sedation, anticholinergic effects, orthostatic hypotension.
◉ What is the mnemonic for Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
(MAOIs)? Answer: TIPS = tranylcypromine, isocarboxazid,
phenelzine, selegiline.
◉ What is the mechanism of action for MAOIs? Answer: Irreversibly
inhibit monoamine oxidase, increasing norepinephrine and
serotonin.
