URINALYSIS AND BODY FLUIDS 7TH
EDITION STRASINGER TEST BANK ACTUAL
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 2026 GRADED A+
⩥ Three types of RNA (ribonucleic acid). Answer: 1. Messenger RNA
(mRNA) - (transcription) travels to ribosomes in cytoplasm so these
instructions can be used to make proteins
2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) - site of protein production
3. Transfer RNA (tRNA) - (translation) transports amino acids to
ribosomes so that mRNA can be turned into a sequence of amino acids
⩥ Prokaryote cells. Answer: - Lack a nucleus
- Do not have compartments
- Reproduce through simple fission (e.g., bacteria)
⩥ Eukaryote cells. Answer: - Any cell that has a defined nucleus
- Cells are larger and have more specific parts in compartments divided
by membranes, called organelles
⩥ 3 distinct compartments of the eukaryote cell. Answer: 1. Nucleus
2. Cytoplasm
3. Cell membrane
,⩥ Cytoplasm. Answer: - Surrounds the nucleus and is where the work of
the cell takes place
- Colloidal solution containing water, electrolytes, suspended proteins,
neutral fats, and glycogen molecules
-Pigments also accumulate but do not contribute to the cell's function
⩥ Organelles. Answer: Embedded in the cytoplasm and function as the
organs of the cell. They include:
- Ribosomes
- ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum)
- Golgi complex
- Mitochondria
- Lysosomes
⩥ Ribosomes. Answer: - Sites of protein synthesis: needed for cell
function
- rRNA and proteins held together by a strand of mRNA to form
polyribosomes (also called polysomes)
⩥ ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum). Answer: - Extensive system of paired
membranes and flat vesicles that connect various parts of the inner cell
- Two forms of ER exist in cells: rough and smooth
, ⩥ Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum. Answer: - Studded with ribosomes
attached to specific binding sites on the membrane
- Proteins usually become components of lysosomes or other organelles,
are incorporated into cell membranes, or leave the cell as secretory
proteins
⩥ Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum. Answer: - Free of ribosomes and is
continuous with the rough ER
- Does not participate in protein synthesis
- Site of lipid, lipoprotein, and steroid hormone synthesis
⩥ Golgi Complex (Golgi apparatus). Answer: - Consists of four or more
stacks of thin flattened vesicles or sacs
- Found near the nucleus and function in association with the ER
- Modifies substances that are larger than the active product and
packages them into secretory granules or vesicles
- Thought to produce large carbohydrate molecules that combine with
proteins produced by the ER to form glycoproteins
- May receive proteins and other substances form the cell surface by a
retrograde transport mechanism
⩥ Lysosomes. Answer: - The cell's digestive system
- Small, membrane-enclosed sacs containing powerful hydrolytic
enzymes which break down excess and worn-out cell parts, and foreign
substances taken into the cell
EDITION STRASINGER TEST BANK ACTUAL
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 2026 GRADED A+
⩥ Three types of RNA (ribonucleic acid). Answer: 1. Messenger RNA
(mRNA) - (transcription) travels to ribosomes in cytoplasm so these
instructions can be used to make proteins
2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) - site of protein production
3. Transfer RNA (tRNA) - (translation) transports amino acids to
ribosomes so that mRNA can be turned into a sequence of amino acids
⩥ Prokaryote cells. Answer: - Lack a nucleus
- Do not have compartments
- Reproduce through simple fission (e.g., bacteria)
⩥ Eukaryote cells. Answer: - Any cell that has a defined nucleus
- Cells are larger and have more specific parts in compartments divided
by membranes, called organelles
⩥ 3 distinct compartments of the eukaryote cell. Answer: 1. Nucleus
2. Cytoplasm
3. Cell membrane
,⩥ Cytoplasm. Answer: - Surrounds the nucleus and is where the work of
the cell takes place
- Colloidal solution containing water, electrolytes, suspended proteins,
neutral fats, and glycogen molecules
-Pigments also accumulate but do not contribute to the cell's function
⩥ Organelles. Answer: Embedded in the cytoplasm and function as the
organs of the cell. They include:
- Ribosomes
- ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum)
- Golgi complex
- Mitochondria
- Lysosomes
⩥ Ribosomes. Answer: - Sites of protein synthesis: needed for cell
function
- rRNA and proteins held together by a strand of mRNA to form
polyribosomes (also called polysomes)
⩥ ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum). Answer: - Extensive system of paired
membranes and flat vesicles that connect various parts of the inner cell
- Two forms of ER exist in cells: rough and smooth
, ⩥ Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum. Answer: - Studded with ribosomes
attached to specific binding sites on the membrane
- Proteins usually become components of lysosomes or other organelles,
are incorporated into cell membranes, or leave the cell as secretory
proteins
⩥ Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum. Answer: - Free of ribosomes and is
continuous with the rough ER
- Does not participate in protein synthesis
- Site of lipid, lipoprotein, and steroid hormone synthesis
⩥ Golgi Complex (Golgi apparatus). Answer: - Consists of four or more
stacks of thin flattened vesicles or sacs
- Found near the nucleus and function in association with the ER
- Modifies substances that are larger than the active product and
packages them into secretory granules or vesicles
- Thought to produce large carbohydrate molecules that combine with
proteins produced by the ER to form glycoproteins
- May receive proteins and other substances form the cell surface by a
retrograde transport mechanism
⩥ Lysosomes. Answer: - The cell's digestive system
- Small, membrane-enclosed sacs containing powerful hydrolytic
enzymes which break down excess and worn-out cell parts, and foreign
substances taken into the cell
