NURS 251 PHARMACOLOGY MODULE 5 EXAM
2025|60QS&AS|A+GRADE ASSURED
Most ___________block active reabsorption of Na+ & Cl- thereby preventing
passive reabsorption of water (T/F)
Diuretics
What types of drugs are used to treat HTN and edema associated with HF,
cirrhosis, and kidney disease?
Loop and thiazides
RAAS (RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM)
raises blood pressure by causing vasoconstriction and by increasing blood
volume (secondary to aldosterone-mediated retention of sodium and water).
ACE INHIBITORS (-PRILS)
-Reduced angiotensin vasoconstriction→ vasodilation ↓ BP (they DO NOT elicit
reflex tachycardia)
****↓ vascular & cardiac hypertrophy & remodeling
,ACE INHIBITORS & ARBS
-Can cause ↑K+
-Potassium sparing diuretics can be taken with caution; careful use of
potassium or salts substitutes should be taken
ACE INHIBITORS & ARBS CONT.
May produce severe 1st dose hypotension by causing a sharp drop in
angiotensin II
ACE INHIBITORS & ARBS CONT.
Cough is often a side effect causing people to d/c the drug
Loop Diuretics- AKA Lasiks
Drug: Furosemide. Suffix: "-MIDE"
•MOA- Blocks Sodium and Chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle.
•S/E- Hypotension, hypokalemia, Hyponatremia, Dehydration, Hearing loss**
•Teaching- Digoxin has an increased risk for dysrhythmias.
•Avoid OTC Cough and Cold medications as they cause drug-drug interaction.
, Furosemide "Need to know"
•Used to lower blood pressure.
•Used to treat edema caused by CHF and Kidney disease.
•PUSH SLOW! OVER 5 MINUTES!!! To prevent kidney damage.
•Works when the GFR is low!
•Daily weights are mandatory and a weight gain of greater than 2lbs in a 24hr
period must be reported to provider.
Thiazides
Drug: Hydrochlorothiazide
•MOA- Blocks sodium and water reabsorption in the early Distal convoluted
tubule.
•Which will decrease the blood flow to the kidneys.
•S/E- Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia, Dehydration, Hyperglycemia
•Teaching- Not to be used in emergencies.
Hydrochlorothiazide "need to know"
•Does NOT work with low GFR.
•Daily weights report a weight gain of more than 2lbs to provider
immediately.
•ONLY to be used in patients with normal kidney functions.
•Bun and Creatinine must be within normal levels.
2025|60QS&AS|A+GRADE ASSURED
Most ___________block active reabsorption of Na+ & Cl- thereby preventing
passive reabsorption of water (T/F)
Diuretics
What types of drugs are used to treat HTN and edema associated with HF,
cirrhosis, and kidney disease?
Loop and thiazides
RAAS (RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM)
raises blood pressure by causing vasoconstriction and by increasing blood
volume (secondary to aldosterone-mediated retention of sodium and water).
ACE INHIBITORS (-PRILS)
-Reduced angiotensin vasoconstriction→ vasodilation ↓ BP (they DO NOT elicit
reflex tachycardia)
****↓ vascular & cardiac hypertrophy & remodeling
,ACE INHIBITORS & ARBS
-Can cause ↑K+
-Potassium sparing diuretics can be taken with caution; careful use of
potassium or salts substitutes should be taken
ACE INHIBITORS & ARBS CONT.
May produce severe 1st dose hypotension by causing a sharp drop in
angiotensin II
ACE INHIBITORS & ARBS CONT.
Cough is often a side effect causing people to d/c the drug
Loop Diuretics- AKA Lasiks
Drug: Furosemide. Suffix: "-MIDE"
•MOA- Blocks Sodium and Chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle.
•S/E- Hypotension, hypokalemia, Hyponatremia, Dehydration, Hearing loss**
•Teaching- Digoxin has an increased risk for dysrhythmias.
•Avoid OTC Cough and Cold medications as they cause drug-drug interaction.
, Furosemide "Need to know"
•Used to lower blood pressure.
•Used to treat edema caused by CHF and Kidney disease.
•PUSH SLOW! OVER 5 MINUTES!!! To prevent kidney damage.
•Works when the GFR is low!
•Daily weights are mandatory and a weight gain of greater than 2lbs in a 24hr
period must be reported to provider.
Thiazides
Drug: Hydrochlorothiazide
•MOA- Blocks sodium and water reabsorption in the early Distal convoluted
tubule.
•Which will decrease the blood flow to the kidneys.
•S/E- Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia, Dehydration, Hyperglycemia
•Teaching- Not to be used in emergencies.
Hydrochlorothiazide "need to know"
•Does NOT work with low GFR.
•Daily weights report a weight gain of more than 2lbs to provider
immediately.
•ONLY to be used in patients with normal kidney functions.
•Bun and Creatinine must be within normal levels.
