WGU C190 Intro to Biology
Non-living, may be within or made by a living organism.
Abiotic
Living. Matter is considered ______ if it was ever alive at some point in
time
Biotic
Smallest level. The basic unit of matter. Consists of a dense nucleus
surrounded by electrons.
Atom
Second level. A chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held
together by a chemical bond.
Molecule
Third level. Biologically important molecules that are technically polymers.
Example: DNA.
Macromolecule
Fourth level. The fundamental unit of life. Essentially a tiny droplet of water
and other molecules enclosed by a fluid "skin" or membrane. The smallest
and simplest entity that possesses all the characteristics of life.
Cell
Fifth level. Compartments inside the cell that contain specific groups of
macromolecules and carry out specific cellular functions. One of these
organelles is the nucleus; it encloses the DNA within the cell.
Organelle
Sixth level. Single-celled life form. Consists of just one cell and include
unicellular organisms such as bacteria and protists.
Microorganism
Seventh level. Formed when similar cells work together to fulfill the same
detailed function.
Tissue
,Eighth level. Collections of tissues that work together to carry out a
common general function. Present not only in higher level animals but also
in plants.
Organ
Ninth level. Consists of functionally related organs. Mammals have many.
Organ System
Tenth Level. Individual living entities that survive and reproduce as a unit.
For example, each tree in a forest.
Organism
Eleventh level. Consists of all the individuals of a species living within a
specific area.
Population
Twelfth level. Populations can interact with each other in positive and
negative ways, and together they form this.
Community
Thirteenth level. Consists of all the living things in a particular area together
with the abiotic, or nonliving, parts of that environment.
Ecosystem
Fourteenth level. The highest level of organization in living systems. The
collection of all ecosystems on Earth. Includes all habitable zones on the
planet, including land, soil, and rocks to a great depth in the Earth's crust;
water and ice; and the atmosphere to a great height.
Biosphere
Characteristics of a system that are not present in any of its component
parts.
Emergent Properties
The scientific study of life and is the branch of science that studies living
organisms and the way organisms interact with their environments.
,Biology
The ability or tendency of organisms and cells to maintain stable internal
conditions.
Homeostasis
Any matter an organism needs but cannot make for itself.
Nutrient
The capacity to do work or to make a change in the location, temperature,
or structure of matter. Does not have mass and it does not take up space,
but it can be measured in terms of what it does.
Energy
An increase in size.
Growth
Structure and function change in an orderly way as an organism passes
through its life cycle. An individual's pattern of _______ is partly determined
by genetic instructions.
Development
Occurs when an individual organism passes on its genetic information to a
newly independent organism, or offspring.
Reproduction
A scientific theory that explains how and why life changes over time.
Provides the explanation for why all living organisms share profound
similarities, and yet, the life forms on our planet are so incredibly diverse.
Evolution
Individuals are always a bit different from their parents and from each other,
partly because of changes to their genes. These differences may be helpful
or harmful to the individuals that inherit them. In nature, individuals often
have very low odds of surviving to reproduce. Individuals with slightly
harmful or even average characteristics might be less likely to make it, and
those with traits that fit in very well with the local habitat will have the
, greatest chance to survive and reproduce. This sorting process goes on
generation after generation.
Natural Selection
The sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons. The mass
of an atom.
Atomic Mass
We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
The number of protons in an atom, displayed for each atom in the periodic
table.
Atomic Number
Attractions between atoms that hold atoms and molecules together.
Chemical Bonds
Strongest chemical bond. Occurs between atoms of in the same molecule.
Electron pairs are shared, creating a strong bond between atoms.
Covalent Bonds
Subatomic particle, located in shells on the outside of the nucleus, has a
negative charge and almost no mass.
electron
A measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of
electrons. How strongly does an atoms attract bonding electrons to itself?
electronegativity
Atoms with unique properties, designated by the atomic number.
element
Weak chemical bond. Occurs between atoms in different molecules or parts
of molecules. Weak electrostatic attraction between areas of molecules
with opposite partial charges.
hydrogen bond
Positively or negatively charged atom.
Non-living, may be within or made by a living organism.
Abiotic
Living. Matter is considered ______ if it was ever alive at some point in
time
Biotic
Smallest level. The basic unit of matter. Consists of a dense nucleus
surrounded by electrons.
Atom
Second level. A chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held
together by a chemical bond.
Molecule
Third level. Biologically important molecules that are technically polymers.
Example: DNA.
Macromolecule
Fourth level. The fundamental unit of life. Essentially a tiny droplet of water
and other molecules enclosed by a fluid "skin" or membrane. The smallest
and simplest entity that possesses all the characteristics of life.
Cell
Fifth level. Compartments inside the cell that contain specific groups of
macromolecules and carry out specific cellular functions. One of these
organelles is the nucleus; it encloses the DNA within the cell.
Organelle
Sixth level. Single-celled life form. Consists of just one cell and include
unicellular organisms such as bacteria and protists.
Microorganism
Seventh level. Formed when similar cells work together to fulfill the same
detailed function.
Tissue
,Eighth level. Collections of tissues that work together to carry out a
common general function. Present not only in higher level animals but also
in plants.
Organ
Ninth level. Consists of functionally related organs. Mammals have many.
Organ System
Tenth Level. Individual living entities that survive and reproduce as a unit.
For example, each tree in a forest.
Organism
Eleventh level. Consists of all the individuals of a species living within a
specific area.
Population
Twelfth level. Populations can interact with each other in positive and
negative ways, and together they form this.
Community
Thirteenth level. Consists of all the living things in a particular area together
with the abiotic, or nonliving, parts of that environment.
Ecosystem
Fourteenth level. The highest level of organization in living systems. The
collection of all ecosystems on Earth. Includes all habitable zones on the
planet, including land, soil, and rocks to a great depth in the Earth's crust;
water and ice; and the atmosphere to a great height.
Biosphere
Characteristics of a system that are not present in any of its component
parts.
Emergent Properties
The scientific study of life and is the branch of science that studies living
organisms and the way organisms interact with their environments.
,Biology
The ability or tendency of organisms and cells to maintain stable internal
conditions.
Homeostasis
Any matter an organism needs but cannot make for itself.
Nutrient
The capacity to do work or to make a change in the location, temperature,
or structure of matter. Does not have mass and it does not take up space,
but it can be measured in terms of what it does.
Energy
An increase in size.
Growth
Structure and function change in an orderly way as an organism passes
through its life cycle. An individual's pattern of _______ is partly determined
by genetic instructions.
Development
Occurs when an individual organism passes on its genetic information to a
newly independent organism, or offspring.
Reproduction
A scientific theory that explains how and why life changes over time.
Provides the explanation for why all living organisms share profound
similarities, and yet, the life forms on our planet are so incredibly diverse.
Evolution
Individuals are always a bit different from their parents and from each other,
partly because of changes to their genes. These differences may be helpful
or harmful to the individuals that inherit them. In nature, individuals often
have very low odds of surviving to reproduce. Individuals with slightly
harmful or even average characteristics might be less likely to make it, and
those with traits that fit in very well with the local habitat will have the
, greatest chance to survive and reproduce. This sorting process goes on
generation after generation.
Natural Selection
The sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons. The mass
of an atom.
Atomic Mass
We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
The number of protons in an atom, displayed for each atom in the periodic
table.
Atomic Number
Attractions between atoms that hold atoms and molecules together.
Chemical Bonds
Strongest chemical bond. Occurs between atoms of in the same molecule.
Electron pairs are shared, creating a strong bond between atoms.
Covalent Bonds
Subatomic particle, located in shells on the outside of the nucleus, has a
negative charge and almost no mass.
electron
A measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of
electrons. How strongly does an atoms attract bonding electrons to itself?
electronegativity
Atoms with unique properties, designated by the atomic number.
element
Weak chemical bond. Occurs between atoms in different molecules or parts
of molecules. Weak electrostatic attraction between areas of molecules
with opposite partial charges.
hydrogen bond
Positively or negatively charged atom.
