BSC 2085 EXAM 1 Question and Answer
2026 Grade A+ 100% Correct
Questions and Answers
• Oldest medical science . Answer: 1600 BC: Egyptians showed a basic knowledge
of blood vessels
• Terminologia Anatomica . Answer: prevent confusion between the names of
body structures, in 1998 two organizations standardized anatomical vocabulary in
the publication
• Physiology . Answer: study of functions of anatomical structures and individual
and cooperative functions
• Physiology . Answer: includes: biochemistry, biology,
chemistry,
genetics
• an anatomist might study how a particular muscle _____ to the skeleton while a
physiologist might study how a muscle ____ . Answer: attaches; contracts
• Gross anatomy . Answer: macroscopic anatomy, examines large, visible
structures
• Surface anatomy . Answer: exterior features
• Regional anatomy . Answer: body areas
• Systemic anatomy . Answer: organ systems
• Clinical anatomy . Answer: medical specialties
• pathological anatomy . Answer: changes that occur during illness, radiographic
anatomy - structures seen using specialized imaging techniques
• Developmental anatomy . Answer: from conception to death, includes
embryology
,• Microscopic anatomy . Answer: examines cells and molecules
• Cytology . Answer: study of cells and their structures
• Histology . Answer: study of tissues and their structures
• Cell physiology . Answer: processes within and between cells
• Organ physiology . Answer: functions of specific organs
• Systemic physiology . Answer: functions of an organ system
• Pathological physiology . Answer: effects of diseases on organs or systems
• Signs and symptoms . Answer: quantitative and qualitative
• Chemical (or Molecular) Level . Answer: Atoms are the smallest chemical units;
Molecules are a group of atoms working together
• Cellular Level . Answer: Cells are a group of atoms, molecules, and organelles
working together
• Tissue Level . Answer: A tissue is a group of similar cells working together
• Organ Level . Answer: An organ is a group of different tissues working together
• Organ System Level . Answer: An organ system is a group of organs working
together; Humans have 11 organ systems
• Organism Level . Answer: A human is an organism
• Integumentary Major Organs . Answer: skin, hair, sweat glands, nails
• Integumentary Functions . Answer: protects against environmental hazards, helps
regulate body temperature, provides sensory information
• Skeletal Major Organs . Answer: bones, cartilages, associated ligaments, bone
marrow
, • Skeletal Functions . Answer: provides support and protection for other tissues,
stores calcium and other minerals, forms blood cells
• Muscular Major Organs . Answer: skeletal muscles and associated tendons
• Muscular Functions . Answer: Provides movement,
Provides protection and support for other tissues,
Generates heat that maintains body temperature
• Nervous Major Organs . Answer: brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, sense
organs
• Nervous Functions . Answer: directs immediate responses to stimuli, coordinates
or moderates activities of other organ systems, provides and interprets sensory
information about external conditions
• Endocrine Major Organs . Answer: pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas,
adrenal glands, gonads, endocrine tissues in other systems
• Endocrine Functions . Answer: directs long-term changes in the activities of other
organ systems, adjusts metabolic activity and energy use by the body, controls
many structural and functional changes during development
• Cardiovascular Major Organs . Answer: heart, blood, blood vessels
• Cardiovascular Functions . Answer: distributes blood cells, water, and dissolved
materials, including nutrients, waste products, oxygen and carbon dioxide;
distributes heat and assists in control of body temperature
• Lymphatic Major Organs . Answer: spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph
nodes, tonsils
• Lymphatic Functions . Answer: defends against infection and disease, returns
tissue fluids to the bloodstream
• Respiratory Major Organs . Answer: nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx, trachea,
bronchi, lungs, alveoli
• Respiratory Functions . Answer: Delivers air to alveoli (sites in lungs where gas
exchange occurs);
2026 Grade A+ 100% Correct
Questions and Answers
• Oldest medical science . Answer: 1600 BC: Egyptians showed a basic knowledge
of blood vessels
• Terminologia Anatomica . Answer: prevent confusion between the names of
body structures, in 1998 two organizations standardized anatomical vocabulary in
the publication
• Physiology . Answer: study of functions of anatomical structures and individual
and cooperative functions
• Physiology . Answer: includes: biochemistry, biology,
chemistry,
genetics
• an anatomist might study how a particular muscle _____ to the skeleton while a
physiologist might study how a muscle ____ . Answer: attaches; contracts
• Gross anatomy . Answer: macroscopic anatomy, examines large, visible
structures
• Surface anatomy . Answer: exterior features
• Regional anatomy . Answer: body areas
• Systemic anatomy . Answer: organ systems
• Clinical anatomy . Answer: medical specialties
• pathological anatomy . Answer: changes that occur during illness, radiographic
anatomy - structures seen using specialized imaging techniques
• Developmental anatomy . Answer: from conception to death, includes
embryology
,• Microscopic anatomy . Answer: examines cells and molecules
• Cytology . Answer: study of cells and their structures
• Histology . Answer: study of tissues and their structures
• Cell physiology . Answer: processes within and between cells
• Organ physiology . Answer: functions of specific organs
• Systemic physiology . Answer: functions of an organ system
• Pathological physiology . Answer: effects of diseases on organs or systems
• Signs and symptoms . Answer: quantitative and qualitative
• Chemical (or Molecular) Level . Answer: Atoms are the smallest chemical units;
Molecules are a group of atoms working together
• Cellular Level . Answer: Cells are a group of atoms, molecules, and organelles
working together
• Tissue Level . Answer: A tissue is a group of similar cells working together
• Organ Level . Answer: An organ is a group of different tissues working together
• Organ System Level . Answer: An organ system is a group of organs working
together; Humans have 11 organ systems
• Organism Level . Answer: A human is an organism
• Integumentary Major Organs . Answer: skin, hair, sweat glands, nails
• Integumentary Functions . Answer: protects against environmental hazards, helps
regulate body temperature, provides sensory information
• Skeletal Major Organs . Answer: bones, cartilages, associated ligaments, bone
marrow
, • Skeletal Functions . Answer: provides support and protection for other tissues,
stores calcium and other minerals, forms blood cells
• Muscular Major Organs . Answer: skeletal muscles and associated tendons
• Muscular Functions . Answer: Provides movement,
Provides protection and support for other tissues,
Generates heat that maintains body temperature
• Nervous Major Organs . Answer: brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, sense
organs
• Nervous Functions . Answer: directs immediate responses to stimuli, coordinates
or moderates activities of other organ systems, provides and interprets sensory
information about external conditions
• Endocrine Major Organs . Answer: pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas,
adrenal glands, gonads, endocrine tissues in other systems
• Endocrine Functions . Answer: directs long-term changes in the activities of other
organ systems, adjusts metabolic activity and energy use by the body, controls
many structural and functional changes during development
• Cardiovascular Major Organs . Answer: heart, blood, blood vessels
• Cardiovascular Functions . Answer: distributes blood cells, water, and dissolved
materials, including nutrients, waste products, oxygen and carbon dioxide;
distributes heat and assists in control of body temperature
• Lymphatic Major Organs . Answer: spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph
nodes, tonsils
• Lymphatic Functions . Answer: defends against infection and disease, returns
tissue fluids to the bloodstream
• Respiratory Major Organs . Answer: nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx, trachea,
bronchi, lungs, alveoli
• Respiratory Functions . Answer: Delivers air to alveoli (sites in lungs where gas
exchange occurs);
