Test bank for Rubin’s Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine by David S. Strayer & Emanuel Rubin, 7th Edition.|All chapters 1-34 covered, Complete test bank.|Graded 100%.

, Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine
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Chapter 1: Cell Adaptation, Injury and Death
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Ischemia and other toxic injuries increase the accumulation of intracellular calcium as a result
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1. of:ty




A) release of stored calcium from the mitochondria.
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B) improved intracellular volume regulation. ty ty ty




C) decreased influx across the cell membrane. ty ty ty ty ty



D) attraction of calcium to fatty infiltrates. ty ty ty ty ty



The patient is found to have liver disease, resulting in the removal of a lobe of his liver.
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2. Adaptation to the reduced size of the liver leads to _
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A) metaplasia
B) organ atrophy ty




C) compensatory hyperplasia ty



D) physiologic hypertrophy ty




A person eating peanuts starts choking and collapses. His airway obstruction is
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partially cleared, but he remains hypoxic until he reaches the hospital. The
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3. prolonged cell hypoxiafcaused a cerebral infarction and resulting
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A) caspase activation ty




B) coagulation necrosis ty



C) rapid phagocytosis ty



D) protein p53 deficiency ty ty




Bacteria and viruses cause cell damage by
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4. damage caused by other injurious agents.
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A) disrupting the sodium/potassium ATPase pump ty ty ty ty




B) interrupting oxidative metabolism processes ty ty ty



C) replicating and producing continued injury ty ty ty ty




D) decreasing protein synthesis and function ty ty ty ty



The patient has a prolonged interruption in arterial blood flow to his left kidney, causing
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5. hypoxic cell injury and the release of free radicals. Free radicals damage cells by:
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A) destroying phospholipids in the cell membrane. ty ty ty ty ty



B) altering the immune response of the cell.
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C) disrupting calcium storage in the cell. ty ty ty ty ty



D) inactivation of enzymes and mitochondria. ty ty ty ty

,6. Injured cells have impaired flow of substances through the cell membrane as a result of:
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A) increased fat load. ty ty




B) altered permeability. ty




C) altered glucose utilization.
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D) increased surface receptors. ty ty



7. Reversible adaptive intracellular responses are initiated by:
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A) stimulus overload. ty



B) genetic mutations. ty



C) chemical messengers. ty




D) mitochondrial DNA. ty



8. Injured cells become very swollen as a result of:
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A) increased cell protein synthesis. ty ty ty




B) altered cell volume regulation.
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C) passive entry of potassium into the cell.
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D) bleb formation in the plasma membrane.
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A diabetic patient has impaired sensation, circulation, and oxygenation of his feet. He steps
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on a piece of glass, the wound does not heal, and the area tissue becomes necrotic. The
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9. necrotic cell death is characterized by:
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A) rapid apoptosis. ty



B) cellular rupture. ty




C) shrinkage and collapse. ty ty



D) chronic inflammation. ty




A 99-year-old woman has experienced the decline of cell function associated with age. A
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10. group of theories of cellular aging focus on programmed:
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A) changes with genetic influences. ty ty ty



B) elimination of cell receptor sites. ty ty ty ty




C) insufficient telomerase enzyme. ty ty



D) DNA mutation or faulty repair.
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An 89-year-old female patient has experienced significant decreases in her mobility and
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stamina during a 3-week hospital stay for the treatment of a femoral head fracture. Which
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of the following phenomena most likely accounts for the patients decrease in muscle
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11. function that underlies her reduced mobility?
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A) Impaired muscle cell metabolism resulting from metaplasia
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B) Dysplasia as a consequence of inflammation during bone remodeling
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C) Disuse atrophy of muscle cells during a prolonged period of immobility
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, D) Ischemic atrophy resulting from vascular changes while on bedrest
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A 20-year-old college student has presented to her campus medical clinic for a scheduled
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Papanicolaou (Pap) smear. The clinician who will interpret the smear will examine cell
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12. samples for evidence of:
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A) changes in cell shape, size, and organization. ty ty ty ty ty ty




B) the presence of unexpected cell types.
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C) ischemic changes in cell samples. ty ty ty ty




D) abnormally high numbers of cells in a specified field. ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty



Which of the following pathophysiologic processes is most likely to result in metastatic
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13. calcification?
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A) Benign prostatic hyperplasia ty ty



B) Liver cirrhosis ty




C) Impaired glycogen metabolism ty ty



D) Hyperparathyroidism
Despite the low levels of radiation used in contemporary radiologic imaging, a radiology
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technician is aware of the need to minimize her exposure to ionizing radiation. What is the
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14. primary rationale for the technicians precautions?
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A) Radiation stimulates pathologic cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia.
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B) Radiation results in the accumulation of endogenous waste products in the cytoplasm.
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C) Radiation interferes with DNA synthesis and mitosis. ty ty ty ty ty ty



D) Radiation decreases the action potential of rapidly dividing cells.
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The parents of a 4-year-old girl have sought care because their daughter has admitted to
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chewing and swallowing imported toy figurines that have been determined to be made of
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15. lead. Which of the following blood tests should the care team prioritize?
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A) White blood cell levels with differential
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B) Red blood cell levels and morphology
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C) Urea and creatinine levels ty ty ty



D) Liver function panel ty ty



A 70-year-old male patient has been admitted to a hospital for the treatment of a recent
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hemorrhagic stroke that has left him with numerous motor and sensory deficits. These
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16. deficits are most likely the result of which of the following mechanisms of cell injury?
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A) Free radical injury ty ty



B) Hypoxia and ATP depletion ty ty ty



C) Interference with DNA synthesis ty ty ty



D) Impaired calcium homeostasis ty ty