BIOS 255 FINAL EXAM 2 (Latest Update
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A – Chamberlain
1. The smallest unit of matter is:
A. Cell
B. Molecule
C. Atom
D. Tissue
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Atoms are the fundamental units of chemical elements.
2. The four major types of macromolecules in cells are:
A. Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids
B. Proteins, vitamins, minerals, lipids
C. Lipids, water, salts, proteins
D. Carbohydrates, enzymes, RNA, proteins
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: These macromolecules perform structural, functional,
and informational roles in cells.
,3. Enzymes function as:
A. Catalysts
B. Structural molecules
C. Energy sources
D. DNA carriers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: They speed up chemical reactions without being
consumed.
4. The process of making ATP from glucose is called:
A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Fermentation
D. Transcription
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cellular respiration converts glucose into ATP.
5. DNA is composed of:
A. Nucleotides
B. Amino acids
C. Fatty acids
D. Monosaccharides
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: DNA is a polymer of nucleotides containing a sugar,
phosphate, and nitrogenous base.
,6. RNA differs from DNA because it:
A. Is single-stranded
B. Contains thymine
C. Stores genetic information permanently
D. Lacks ribose sugar
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: RNA is usually single-stranded and contains uracil
instead of thymine.
7. Mitosis produces:
A. Two identical daughter cells
B. Four non-identical cells
C. Gametes
D. Zygotes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mitosis is cell division for growth and repair, producing
identical cells.
8. Meiosis produces:
A. Gametes
B. Somatic cells
C. Two identical cells
D. Bacteria
Correct Answer: A
, Rationale: Reduces chromosome number by half to form eggs and
sperm.
9. Interphase is characterized by:
A. DNA replication
B. Chromosome separation
C. Cytokinesis
D. Cell death
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cells prepare for division during G1, S, and G2 phases.
10. Cytokinesis is:
A. Division of the cytoplasm
B. Separation of chromosomes
C. DNA synthesis
D. Apoptosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Completes cell division by splitting the cytoplasm.
11. The plasma membrane is primarily:
A. Phospholipid bilayer
B. Protein only
C. Carbohydrate only
D. Nucleic acid
Correct Answer: A
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A – Chamberlain
1. The smallest unit of matter is:
A. Cell
B. Molecule
C. Atom
D. Tissue
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Atoms are the fundamental units of chemical elements.
2. The four major types of macromolecules in cells are:
A. Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids
B. Proteins, vitamins, minerals, lipids
C. Lipids, water, salts, proteins
D. Carbohydrates, enzymes, RNA, proteins
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: These macromolecules perform structural, functional,
and informational roles in cells.
,3. Enzymes function as:
A. Catalysts
B. Structural molecules
C. Energy sources
D. DNA carriers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: They speed up chemical reactions without being
consumed.
4. The process of making ATP from glucose is called:
A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Fermentation
D. Transcription
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cellular respiration converts glucose into ATP.
5. DNA is composed of:
A. Nucleotides
B. Amino acids
C. Fatty acids
D. Monosaccharides
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: DNA is a polymer of nucleotides containing a sugar,
phosphate, and nitrogenous base.
,6. RNA differs from DNA because it:
A. Is single-stranded
B. Contains thymine
C. Stores genetic information permanently
D. Lacks ribose sugar
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: RNA is usually single-stranded and contains uracil
instead of thymine.
7. Mitosis produces:
A. Two identical daughter cells
B. Four non-identical cells
C. Gametes
D. Zygotes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mitosis is cell division for growth and repair, producing
identical cells.
8. Meiosis produces:
A. Gametes
B. Somatic cells
C. Two identical cells
D. Bacteria
Correct Answer: A
, Rationale: Reduces chromosome number by half to form eggs and
sperm.
9. Interphase is characterized by:
A. DNA replication
B. Chromosome separation
C. Cytokinesis
D. Cell death
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cells prepare for division during G1, S, and G2 phases.
10. Cytokinesis is:
A. Division of the cytoplasm
B. Separation of chromosomes
C. DNA synthesis
D. Apoptosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Completes cell division by splitting the cytoplasm.
11. The plasma membrane is primarily:
A. Phospholipid bilayer
B. Protein only
C. Carbohydrate only
D. Nucleic acid
Correct Answer: A
