med surg EXAM A+ GRADE ASSURED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS

EXAM

Exam Solution ga




75 Free NCLEX Questions c/o BrilliantNurse.com 2026
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A+ GRADE ASSURED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIF
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IED ANSWERS (F15EC) ga ga




QUESTION 1 ga




The nurse is taking the health history of a patient being treated for Emphysema and Chr
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onic Bronchitis. After being told the patient has been smoking cigarettes for 30 years, th
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e nurse expects to note which assessment finding? 1. Increase in Forced Vital Capacity (F
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VC) 2. A narrowed chest cavity 3. Clubbed fingers 4. An increased risk of cardiac failure
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ANSWER

1. Increase in Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) Forced Vital Capacity is the volume of air exhaled from full in
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halation to full exhalation. A patient with COPD would have a decrease in FVC. Incorrect. 2. A narrowed
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achest cavity A patient with COPD often presents with a 'barrel chest,' which is seen as a widened chest
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cavity. Incorrect. 3. Clubbed fingers - CORRECT Clubbed fingers are a sign of a long-
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term, or chronic, decrease in oxygen levels. 4. An increased risk of cardiac failure Although a patient wi
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th these conditions would indeed be at an increased risk for cardiac failure, this is a potential complicat
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ion and not an assessment finding. Incorrect.
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QUESTION 2 ga




The nurse is taking the health history of a 70-year-
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old patient being treated for a Duodenal Ulcer. After being told the patient is complainin
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g of epigastric pain, the nurse expects to note which assessment finding? 1. Melena 2. Na
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usea 3. Hernia 4. Hyperthermia
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ANSWER

1. Melena -
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CORRECT Melena is the finding that there are traces of blood in the stool which presents as black, tarr
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y feces. This is a common manifestation of Duodenal Ulcers, since the Duodenum is further down the g
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astric anatomy. 2. Nausea Nausea may be present, but is a generalized symptom and by itself doesn't in
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dicate a Duodenal Ulcer. Incorrect. 3. Hernia A Hernia is a protrusion of a segment of the abdomen thro
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ugh another abdominal structure. It is not associated with an Ulcer and is a condition, not an assessme
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nt finding. Incorrect. 4. Hyperthermia Hyperthermia, a high temperature, is not an assessment finding o
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f a Duodenal Ulcer. Incorrect
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, QUESTION 3 ga




A female patient with atrial fibrillation has the following lab results: Hemoglobin of 11 g
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/dl, a platelet count of 150,000, an INR of 2.5, and potassium of 2.7 mEq/L. Which result
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is critical and should be reported to the physician immediately? 1. Hemoglobin 11 g/dl 2
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. Platelet of 150,000 3. INR of 2.5 4. Potassium of 2.7 mEq/L
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ANSWER

1. Hemoglobin 11 g/dl This is below normal, but a normal female hemoglobin is 12-
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14. There is a more critical lab result. 2. Platelet of 150,000 This is also below the normal values, but is
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not the most critical lab result. 3. INR of 2.5 This is a therapeutic range for a patient who is taking an a
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nticoagulant for atrial fibrillation 4. Potassium of 2.7 mEq/L CORRECT -
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A potassium imbalance for a patient with a history of dysrhythmia can be life-
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threatening and can lead to cardiac distress. ga ga ga ga ga ga




QUESTION 4 ga




While receiving normal saline infusions to treat a GI bleed, the nurse notes that the pati
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ent's lower legs have become edematous and auscultates crackles in the lungs. What sho
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uld the nurse do first? 1. Stop the saline infusion immediately 2. Notify Physician 3. Elev
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ate the patient's legs 4. Continue the infusion, since these are normal findings
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ANSWER

1. Stop the saline infusion immediately CORRECT -
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the patient has a fluid volume overload as a result of overly rapid fluid replacement. The nurse should
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stop the infusion and notify the physician. 2. Notify Physician This is not the first action the nurse shou
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ld take. 3. Elevate the patient's legs This would help with the edema, but is not a priority 4. Continue th
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e infusion, since these are normal findings This is not a normal finding
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QUESTION 5 ga




The nurse is working in a support group for clients with HIV. Which point is most impor
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tant for the nurse to stress? 1. They must inform household members of their condition
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2. They must take their medications exactly as prescribed 3. They must abstain from sub
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stance use 4. They must avoid large crowds
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ANSWER

1. They must inform household members of their condition Incorrect -
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Each patient has a right to privacy of their medical condition. It is their choice whether they inform ho
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usehold members. 2. They must take their medications exactly as prescribed CORRECT -
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Antiretrovirals must be taken exactly as prescribed to prevent drug-
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resistant strains. Even missed doses can reduce the effectiveness of future treatment. 3. They must abst
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ain from substance use Incorrect -
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While substance use should be discouraged, using safe practices with needles can prevent transmission
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of HIV. 4. They must avoid large crowds Incorrect -
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