1: Pathology - answer-the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of
organs, tissues, cells, and bodily fluids.
1: Etiology - answer-the study of the causes of diseases
1: risk factor - answer-Something which increases risk or susceptibility.
1: pathogenesis - answer-the development or evolution of a disease, from initial stimulus to the ultimate
expression of the manifestations
1: signs of disease - answer-manifestations of disease that are observed
1: symptoms - answer-subjective feelings of an abnormality in the body
1: syndrome - answer-etiology of a particular set of signs and symptoms has not yet been determined
1: latent period - answer-interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the first
appearance of signs and symptoms
1: prodromal period - answer-refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms indicating the
onset of a disease
,1: Stage of manifest illness/acute phase - answer-disease reaches its full intensity, and signs and
symptoms attain their greatest severity
1: latent/ silent period - answer-signs and symptoms may become mild or disappear for a time
1: acute condition - answer-relatively severe manifestations but runs a short coarse measured in hours,
days, or a few weeks
1: chronic condition - answer-can begin in the acute phase and become prolonged when the body's
defenses are insufficient to overcome the causative agent and can last for months
1: exacerbation - answer-sudden increase in the severity of a disease
1: remission - answer-an abatement or decline in severity of the signs and symptoms of a disease
1: convalescence - answer-stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation
1: sequela (sequelae) - answer-subsequent pathologic condition produced by a disease
1: validity/accuracy - answer-the degree to which a measurement reflects the true value of the object it
is intended to measure
1: reliability/precision - answer-the ability of a test to give the same result in repeated measurements
1: predictive value - answer-the extent to which a test can differentiate between the presence or
absence of a condition in an individual
1: positive predictive value - answer-estimate of the probability that disease is present if the test is
positive
, 1: negative predictive value - answer-an estimate of the probability that disease is absent if the test is
negative
1: Sensitivity - answer-probability that a test will be positive when applied to a person with the condition
1: Specificity - answer-probability that a test will be negative when applied to a person who does not
have a given condition
1: influencers of physiologic parameters? - answer-Age, gender, genetic and ethnic background,
geographic area, and time of day
1: acclimatization - answer-a normal adaptive response
1: epidemiology - answer-study of patterns of a disease
1: endemic disease - answer-disease that is native to a local region (a town or county)
1: epidemic - answer-disease is disseminated to many people at the same time (a country)
1: pandemic - answer-disease that spreads widely across a large area (the world)
1: principal factors affecting patterns of disease in human populations? - answer-age, ethnic group,
gender, socioeconomic factors and lifestyle considerations, and geographic location
1: developmental process - answer-changes in function that occur during the early years of life
2: homeostasis - answer-maintaining internal conditions in a stable state by keeping parameters
relatively the same/ the state of being in which all systems are in balance around a fairly narrow ideal
"set point"
2: allostasis - answer-ability to successfully adapt to changes
organs, tissues, cells, and bodily fluids.
1: Etiology - answer-the study of the causes of diseases
1: risk factor - answer-Something which increases risk or susceptibility.
1: pathogenesis - answer-the development or evolution of a disease, from initial stimulus to the ultimate
expression of the manifestations
1: signs of disease - answer-manifestations of disease that are observed
1: symptoms - answer-subjective feelings of an abnormality in the body
1: syndrome - answer-etiology of a particular set of signs and symptoms has not yet been determined
1: latent period - answer-interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the first
appearance of signs and symptoms
1: prodromal period - answer-refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms indicating the
onset of a disease
,1: Stage of manifest illness/acute phase - answer-disease reaches its full intensity, and signs and
symptoms attain their greatest severity
1: latent/ silent period - answer-signs and symptoms may become mild or disappear for a time
1: acute condition - answer-relatively severe manifestations but runs a short coarse measured in hours,
days, or a few weeks
1: chronic condition - answer-can begin in the acute phase and become prolonged when the body's
defenses are insufficient to overcome the causative agent and can last for months
1: exacerbation - answer-sudden increase in the severity of a disease
1: remission - answer-an abatement or decline in severity of the signs and symptoms of a disease
1: convalescence - answer-stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation
1: sequela (sequelae) - answer-subsequent pathologic condition produced by a disease
1: validity/accuracy - answer-the degree to which a measurement reflects the true value of the object it
is intended to measure
1: reliability/precision - answer-the ability of a test to give the same result in repeated measurements
1: predictive value - answer-the extent to which a test can differentiate between the presence or
absence of a condition in an individual
1: positive predictive value - answer-estimate of the probability that disease is present if the test is
positive
, 1: negative predictive value - answer-an estimate of the probability that disease is absent if the test is
negative
1: Sensitivity - answer-probability that a test will be positive when applied to a person with the condition
1: Specificity - answer-probability that a test will be negative when applied to a person who does not
have a given condition
1: influencers of physiologic parameters? - answer-Age, gender, genetic and ethnic background,
geographic area, and time of day
1: acclimatization - answer-a normal adaptive response
1: epidemiology - answer-study of patterns of a disease
1: endemic disease - answer-disease that is native to a local region (a town or county)
1: epidemic - answer-disease is disseminated to many people at the same time (a country)
1: pandemic - answer-disease that spreads widely across a large area (the world)
1: principal factors affecting patterns of disease in human populations? - answer-age, ethnic group,
gender, socioeconomic factors and lifestyle considerations, and geographic location
1: developmental process - answer-changes in function that occur during the early years of life
2: homeostasis - answer-maintaining internal conditions in a stable state by keeping parameters
relatively the same/ the state of being in which all systems are in balance around a fairly narrow ideal
"set point"
2: allostasis - answer-ability to successfully adapt to changes
