ATLS EXAM
True or fake? Although the mechanism of injury may be just like those for the more youthful
population, statistics indicates improved mortality with comparable severity of harm in older
adults. - ANS-True
In the aged population, what is reduced physiological reserve? - ANS-growing older is
characterized by using impaired adaptive and homeostatic mechanisms that brought about
an multiplied susceptibility to the strain of injury. Insults tolerated by way of the more youthful
populace can cause devastating results in elderly patients.
Pre-existing conditions that affect morbidity and mortality include: - ANS-cirrhosis,
coagulopathy, COPD, ischemic coronary heart disease, DM
What is the most not unusual mechanism of harm inside the aged? - ANS-Fall. Nonfatal falls
are commonplace in women and fractures are not unusual in women who fall. Falls are the
maximum commonplace cause of TBI.
In the aged populace, what are chance factors for falls? - ANS-advanced age, bodily
impairment, records of previous fall, medication use, dementia, unsteady gait, and visual,
cognitive impairment
Most of elderly visitors fatalities occur inside the daylight and on weekends and usually
contain other automobiles. Why? - ANS-Older people pressure on more acquainted roads
and at lower speeds and generally tend to power in the course of the day. Older humans
have slower response time, a larger blind spot, restricted cervical mobility, decreased
listening to, and cognitive impairment.
True or False? Mortality associated with small to mild sized burns in older adults stays
excessive - ANS-True
Spilled warm beverages at the leg, which in more youthful patients may also re-epithelialize
because of an ok wide variety of hair follicles, will bring about a full thickness burn in older
sufferers. - ANS-that is true
Airway-patients may have dentures that may loosen or impede the airway. If dentures aren't
obstructing the airway, leave them in place for what? - ANS-bag masks ventilation, as it
improves mask becoming.
When preforming speedy series intubation, the dose of benzos, barbiturates, and different
sedatives need to be decreased to what number to reduce the chance of cardiovascular
depression? - ANS-20-forty%
Functional modifications in cardiac gadget consist of declining feature, decreased sensitivity
to catecholamines, atherosclerosis of coronary vessels, increased afterload, constant
,coronary heart charge (beta blockers) - ANS-this results in loss of conventional response to
hypovolemia, threat for cardiac ischemia, multiplied BP at baseline, and accelerated threat of
dysrythmias.
Functional adjustments in pulmonary gadget consist of reduced elastic balk, decreased
residual potential, decreased fuel exchange and reduced cough reflex - ANS-consequently
they may be at increased threat for respiratory failure, expanded danger for pneumonia, and
bad tolerance to rib fractures
Functional adjustments in renal machine encompass lack of renal mass, reduced GFR, and
decreased sensitivity to ADH and aldosterone - ANS-resulting in drug dosing for renal
insufficiency, reduced potential to pay attention urine, multiplied hazard for AKI and urine
waft may be normal with hypovolemia
Functional modifications to MSK include loss of lean frame mass, osteoporosis, changes in
joints and cartilage, c backbone degenerative modifications and loss of pores and skin
elastin and subcutaneous fat - ANS-resulting in improved hazard for fractures, reduced
mobility, issue for oral intubation, danger of skin injury, expanded risk for hypothermia,
challenges in rehabiliation
Functional modifications in Endocrine machine consist of reduced manufacturing and
response to thyroxin and decreased dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) - ANS-ensuing in
occult hypothyroidism, relative hypercortisone states and multiplied chance of infection
True or fake: Arthritis can complicate the airway and cervical spine. Patients could have
multilevel degenerative changes affecting disk areas and posterior elements associated with
severe vital canal stenosis, cord compression, and myelomalacia - ANS-genuine
In aged populace, because of their changes in pulmonary machine, placing a gauze
between gums and cheek to attain seal whilst using bag valve masks air flow is okay. In
addition, because growing old causes a suppressed heart charge reaction to hypoxia...... -
ANS-respiration failure may present insidiously in older adults.
Age related adjustments inside the cardiovascular device vicinity the aged trauma patient at
widespread danger for being inaccurately labeled as hemodynamically solid. - ANS-Elderly
patients have a set coronary heart fee and stuck cardiac output, hence, their response to
hypovolemia will involve increasing their systemic vascular resistance. Furthermore, for the
reason that older sufferers have HTN, an acceptable BP might also virtually reflect a
hypotensive country. A systolic BP of a hundred and ten is to be applied as the brink for
figuring out hypotension in patients sixty five and older.
Do no equate blood stress with shock in older sufferers - ANS-BP in older sufferers may also
appearance normal due to the medications they are on. Use lactate and base deficit to
evaluate for proof of shock
what 2 elements vicinity aged patients at chance for intracranial hemorrhage? - ANS-ageing
causes dura to become greater adherent to the cranium increasing risk of injury and older
patients are on anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications.
, Loss of subcutaneous fats, nutritional deficiencies, continual clinical conditions area elderly
sufferers as hazard for hypothermia and complications for immobility. - ANS-Rapid
assessment and whilst possible early liberation from backbone forums and cervical collars
will decrease headaches.
True or False: Fall prevention is the mainstay of lowering the mortality related to pelvic
fractures. - ANS-real
negative hygiene, dehydration, oral harm, contusions affecting the inner hands, inner thighs,
palms, soles, scalp, ear, nasal bridge and temple injury from being struck while carrying
glasses, contact burns and scalds. These are all signs and symptoms of.......? - ANS-Elder
maltreatment. The presence of physical findings of maltreatment have to activate an in depth
records. If history conflicts with findings, right away document findings to authorities.
True of fake: early activation of the trauma team may be required for elderly patients who do
no longer meet conventional standards for activation - ANS-True. A simple injury together
with an open tibia fracture in a frail aged patient can also end up existence threatening.
Common mechanisms of injury include falls, MVC, burns, and penetrating accidents -
ANS-commonplace accidents inside the aged include rib fractures, TBI, pelvic fractures
The best initial treatment for the fetus is to offer premier resuscitation of the mother. True or
False? - ANS-True. Also if xray examination is indicated throughout the pregnant patient's
treatment, it should no longer be withheld due to the being pregnant.
What takes place because the uterus enlarged and the bowel is driven cephalad. -
ANS-When the uterus enlarges it pushes the bowel cephalad and the uterus lies in the top
stomach. As a result, the bowel is relatively blanketed from blunt stomach trauma, while the
uterus and its contents (fetus and placenta) turn out to be more prone. Uterus stays
intrapelvic till 12 weeks after which at 20 weeks it's miles at the umbilicus, and at 34-36
weeks it reaches the costal margin.
Amniotic fluid can cause amniotic fluid embolism and disseminated intravascular coagulation
following trauma if fluid enters maternal intravascular space. True or False - ANS-True
By the 0.33 trimester, what's the difficulty of trauma to the pelvis of the mom? - ANS-through
the 1/3 trimester, the uterus is huge and skinny walled. In vertex presentation, fetal head is
usually within the pelvis and the the rest of the fetus is exposed above the pelvic brim. Pelvic
fractures in overdue gestation can result in cranium fracture or intracranial harm to the fetus.
Also we are able to have a placental abruption due to its little elasticity and vulnerability to
sheer forces.
An abrupt lower in maternal intravascular quantity can bring about a profound growth in
uterine vascular resistance decreasing fetal oxygenation regardless of reasonably normal
maternal vital symptoms. - ANS-this is authentic
True or fake? Although the mechanism of injury may be just like those for the more youthful
population, statistics indicates improved mortality with comparable severity of harm in older
adults. - ANS-True
In the aged population, what is reduced physiological reserve? - ANS-growing older is
characterized by using impaired adaptive and homeostatic mechanisms that brought about
an multiplied susceptibility to the strain of injury. Insults tolerated by way of the more youthful
populace can cause devastating results in elderly patients.
Pre-existing conditions that affect morbidity and mortality include: - ANS-cirrhosis,
coagulopathy, COPD, ischemic coronary heart disease, DM
What is the most not unusual mechanism of harm inside the aged? - ANS-Fall. Nonfatal falls
are commonplace in women and fractures are not unusual in women who fall. Falls are the
maximum commonplace cause of TBI.
In the aged populace, what are chance factors for falls? - ANS-advanced age, bodily
impairment, records of previous fall, medication use, dementia, unsteady gait, and visual,
cognitive impairment
Most of elderly visitors fatalities occur inside the daylight and on weekends and usually
contain other automobiles. Why? - ANS-Older people pressure on more acquainted roads
and at lower speeds and generally tend to power in the course of the day. Older humans
have slower response time, a larger blind spot, restricted cervical mobility, decreased
listening to, and cognitive impairment.
True or False? Mortality associated with small to mild sized burns in older adults stays
excessive - ANS-True
Spilled warm beverages at the leg, which in more youthful patients may also re-epithelialize
because of an ok wide variety of hair follicles, will bring about a full thickness burn in older
sufferers. - ANS-that is true
Airway-patients may have dentures that may loosen or impede the airway. If dentures aren't
obstructing the airway, leave them in place for what? - ANS-bag masks ventilation, as it
improves mask becoming.
When preforming speedy series intubation, the dose of benzos, barbiturates, and different
sedatives need to be decreased to what number to reduce the chance of cardiovascular
depression? - ANS-20-forty%
Functional modifications in cardiac gadget consist of declining feature, decreased sensitivity
to catecholamines, atherosclerosis of coronary vessels, increased afterload, constant
,coronary heart charge (beta blockers) - ANS-this results in loss of conventional response to
hypovolemia, threat for cardiac ischemia, multiplied BP at baseline, and accelerated threat of
dysrythmias.
Functional adjustments in pulmonary gadget consist of reduced elastic balk, decreased
residual potential, decreased fuel exchange and reduced cough reflex - ANS-consequently
they may be at increased threat for respiratory failure, expanded danger for pneumonia, and
bad tolerance to rib fractures
Functional adjustments in renal machine encompass lack of renal mass, reduced GFR, and
decreased sensitivity to ADH and aldosterone - ANS-resulting in drug dosing for renal
insufficiency, reduced potential to pay attention urine, multiplied hazard for AKI and urine
waft may be normal with hypovolemia
Functional modifications to MSK include loss of lean frame mass, osteoporosis, changes in
joints and cartilage, c backbone degenerative modifications and loss of pores and skin
elastin and subcutaneous fat - ANS-resulting in improved hazard for fractures, reduced
mobility, issue for oral intubation, danger of skin injury, expanded risk for hypothermia,
challenges in rehabiliation
Functional modifications in Endocrine machine consist of reduced manufacturing and
response to thyroxin and decreased dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) - ANS-ensuing in
occult hypothyroidism, relative hypercortisone states and multiplied chance of infection
True or fake: Arthritis can complicate the airway and cervical spine. Patients could have
multilevel degenerative changes affecting disk areas and posterior elements associated with
severe vital canal stenosis, cord compression, and myelomalacia - ANS-genuine
In aged populace, because of their changes in pulmonary machine, placing a gauze
between gums and cheek to attain seal whilst using bag valve masks air flow is okay. In
addition, because growing old causes a suppressed heart charge reaction to hypoxia...... -
ANS-respiration failure may present insidiously in older adults.
Age related adjustments inside the cardiovascular device vicinity the aged trauma patient at
widespread danger for being inaccurately labeled as hemodynamically solid. - ANS-Elderly
patients have a set coronary heart fee and stuck cardiac output, hence, their response to
hypovolemia will involve increasing their systemic vascular resistance. Furthermore, for the
reason that older sufferers have HTN, an acceptable BP might also virtually reflect a
hypotensive country. A systolic BP of a hundred and ten is to be applied as the brink for
figuring out hypotension in patients sixty five and older.
Do no equate blood stress with shock in older sufferers - ANS-BP in older sufferers may also
appearance normal due to the medications they are on. Use lactate and base deficit to
evaluate for proof of shock
what 2 elements vicinity aged patients at chance for intracranial hemorrhage? - ANS-ageing
causes dura to become greater adherent to the cranium increasing risk of injury and older
patients are on anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications.
, Loss of subcutaneous fats, nutritional deficiencies, continual clinical conditions area elderly
sufferers as hazard for hypothermia and complications for immobility. - ANS-Rapid
assessment and whilst possible early liberation from backbone forums and cervical collars
will decrease headaches.
True or False: Fall prevention is the mainstay of lowering the mortality related to pelvic
fractures. - ANS-real
negative hygiene, dehydration, oral harm, contusions affecting the inner hands, inner thighs,
palms, soles, scalp, ear, nasal bridge and temple injury from being struck while carrying
glasses, contact burns and scalds. These are all signs and symptoms of.......? - ANS-Elder
maltreatment. The presence of physical findings of maltreatment have to activate an in depth
records. If history conflicts with findings, right away document findings to authorities.
True of fake: early activation of the trauma team may be required for elderly patients who do
no longer meet conventional standards for activation - ANS-True. A simple injury together
with an open tibia fracture in a frail aged patient can also end up existence threatening.
Common mechanisms of injury include falls, MVC, burns, and penetrating accidents -
ANS-commonplace accidents inside the aged include rib fractures, TBI, pelvic fractures
The best initial treatment for the fetus is to offer premier resuscitation of the mother. True or
False? - ANS-True. Also if xray examination is indicated throughout the pregnant patient's
treatment, it should no longer be withheld due to the being pregnant.
What takes place because the uterus enlarged and the bowel is driven cephalad. -
ANS-When the uterus enlarges it pushes the bowel cephalad and the uterus lies in the top
stomach. As a result, the bowel is relatively blanketed from blunt stomach trauma, while the
uterus and its contents (fetus and placenta) turn out to be more prone. Uterus stays
intrapelvic till 12 weeks after which at 20 weeks it's miles at the umbilicus, and at 34-36
weeks it reaches the costal margin.
Amniotic fluid can cause amniotic fluid embolism and disseminated intravascular coagulation
following trauma if fluid enters maternal intravascular space. True or False - ANS-True
By the 0.33 trimester, what's the difficulty of trauma to the pelvis of the mom? - ANS-through
the 1/3 trimester, the uterus is huge and skinny walled. In vertex presentation, fetal head is
usually within the pelvis and the the rest of the fetus is exposed above the pelvic brim. Pelvic
fractures in overdue gestation can result in cranium fracture or intracranial harm to the fetus.
Also we are able to have a placental abruption due to its little elasticity and vulnerability to
sheer forces.
An abrupt lower in maternal intravascular quantity can bring about a profound growth in
uterine vascular resistance decreasing fetal oxygenation regardless of reasonably normal
maternal vital symptoms. - ANS-this is authentic
