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Exam 3 - Biology 1002, Steven Pomarico Questions and Answers
with Complete Solutions UPDATED!!!
Examples of increased complexity and organization - ANSWER
germ layers
cellular specialization
body plan
cephalization
body cavity
segmentation
digestive system
Cephalization - ANSWER Concentration of nervous tissue into a
defined region of the body (brain in head)
Segmentation - ANSWER Body design in which similar repeating
units are present
What does cellular specialization lead to - ANSWER
Development of tissues which combine into an organ, organs
combine into organ systems
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Tissues - ANSWER specialized cells with a common structure
and function that are grouped together
Organs - ANSWER centers of bodily functions which are usually
made up of different tissues
Organ system - ANSWER groups of two or more organs that
function together to perform a common task
What are the different internal systems? - ANSWER circulatory
digestive
respiratory
excretory
nervous
reproductive
support
What defines the first separation of a group from the rest of the
animals? - ANSWER Presence or absence of tissues
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What are the general characteristics of sponges? - ANSWER
Sessile - nonmoving
Filter feeders
Can reproduce sexually or asexually
Asymmetric body plan designed for water filtration
Lack tissue structure
Have specialized cells
What are the two ways sponges reproduce asexually? -
ANSWER Budding and fragmentation
What are the three types of specialized sponge cells? - ANSWER
Epithelial, Collar, and Ameboid
Epithelial cells - ANSWER Outer covering layer
Make up and regulate the pores
Collar cells - ANSWER Inner layer which pumps water through
the sponge using flagella and filters out the blood
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Ameboid cells - ANSWER mobile cells between the two layers
that ingest the collected food; secrete glass-like structures
known as spicules
What are the two types of symmetry? - ANSWER Radial and
bilateral
Radial symmetry - ANSWER round body plan
animals have a top and bottom, but not back, front, left, or right
Bilateral symmetry - ANSWER body plan with a left and right
side
also have a back (dorsal) and front (ventral) side
What are the groups separated based on radial symmetry? -
ANSWER Hydra, corals, anemones, and jellyfish (cnidaria)
What are the general characteristics of Phylum Cnidaria? -
ANSWER Mostly marine
Tissues are present
Exam 3 - Biology 1002, Steven Pomarico Questions and Answers
with Complete Solutions UPDATED!!!
Examples of increased complexity and organization - ANSWER
germ layers
cellular specialization
body plan
cephalization
body cavity
segmentation
digestive system
Cephalization - ANSWER Concentration of nervous tissue into a
defined region of the body (brain in head)
Segmentation - ANSWER Body design in which similar repeating
units are present
What does cellular specialization lead to - ANSWER
Development of tissues which combine into an organ, organs
combine into organ systems
, Page |2
Tissues - ANSWER specialized cells with a common structure
and function that are grouped together
Organs - ANSWER centers of bodily functions which are usually
made up of different tissues
Organ system - ANSWER groups of two or more organs that
function together to perform a common task
What are the different internal systems? - ANSWER circulatory
digestive
respiratory
excretory
nervous
reproductive
support
What defines the first separation of a group from the rest of the
animals? - ANSWER Presence or absence of tissues
, Page |3
What are the general characteristics of sponges? - ANSWER
Sessile - nonmoving
Filter feeders
Can reproduce sexually or asexually
Asymmetric body plan designed for water filtration
Lack tissue structure
Have specialized cells
What are the two ways sponges reproduce asexually? -
ANSWER Budding and fragmentation
What are the three types of specialized sponge cells? - ANSWER
Epithelial, Collar, and Ameboid
Epithelial cells - ANSWER Outer covering layer
Make up and regulate the pores
Collar cells - ANSWER Inner layer which pumps water through
the sponge using flagella and filters out the blood
, Page |4
Ameboid cells - ANSWER mobile cells between the two layers
that ingest the collected food; secrete glass-like structures
known as spicules
What are the two types of symmetry? - ANSWER Radial and
bilateral
Radial symmetry - ANSWER round body plan
animals have a top and bottom, but not back, front, left, or right
Bilateral symmetry - ANSWER body plan with a left and right
side
also have a back (dorsal) and front (ventral) side
What are the groups separated based on radial symmetry? -
ANSWER Hydra, corals, anemones, and jellyfish (cnidaria)
What are the general characteristics of Phylum Cnidaria? -
ANSWER Mostly marine
Tissues are present
