FIRST AID FOR THE USMLE ACTUAL EXAM
PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◍ DIC.
Answer: Severe sepsis, obstetric complications, cancer, burns, trauma, major
surgery
◍ Mutation in the factor V gene.
Answer: Factor V leiden mutation -Renders factor Va resistant to
inactivation by activated protein C
◍ Medulloblastoma.
Answer: -Second MC brain neoplasm of childhood-Cerebellum, often at the
VERMIS-Homer-Wright Rosettes-Primitive neuroectodermal tumors-Bad
prognosis
◍ Right-sided Colon Cancers.
Answer: Usually grow as exophytic masses and present with occult bleeding
and symptoms of iron deficiency anemia
◍ Osteoporosis.
Answer: Calcium/vitamin D supplementation (prophylaxis);
bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin,denosumab (treatment)
◍ Pseudopalisading tumor cells on brain biopsy.
Answer: Glioblastoma multiforme
◍ Esophageal Squamous Carcinoma.
Answer: - RFs are cigarette smoking and alcohol use -Also N-nitroso
containing foods like BETEL NUTS
◍ Botuliumn toxin MOA.
, Answer: -Inhibits Ach relase from presynaptic neurons-DECENDING Sk
muscle paralysis
◍ Osteomalacia.
Answer: Digestive disorders such as cholestasis can cause malabsorption
and nutritional deficiencies of hte fat-soluble vitamins (ADEK). This may
result in osteomalacia, which is frequently associated with vitamin D
definiency
◍ Stress incontinence.
Answer: -Laughing, sneezing, lifting-Due to loss of uretheral support
◍ Streptococcus bovis.
Answer: Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to
endocarditis
◍ SIADH.
Answer: Small cell carcinoma of the lung
◍ "Waxy" casts with very low urine flow.
Answer: Chronic end-stage renal disease
◍ Rickettsia rickettsii.
Answer: Doxycycline, chloramphenicol
◍ Fall on the outstretched hand.
Answer: Damages the hook of the hamate -Can result in Ulnar never injury
◍ Constrictive pericarditis.
Answer: TB (developing world); idiopathic, viral illness (developed
world)-Chronic condition in which the normal pericardial space is replaced
by a thick, fibrous shell that restricts ventricular volumes-Impaired right
ventricular filling leads to increased JVP and often results in positive
Kassmaul sign-Kassmaul sign: Increase in JVP on inspiration instead of
normal decrease (negative intrathoracic pressure not transmitted to heart)
◍ Osteomyelitis.
Answer: S. aureus (most common overall)
,◍ Malignant hyperthermia.
Answer: Dantrolene
◍ Pancreatitis (acute).
Answer: Gallstones, alcohol
◍ Poliomyelitis.
Answer: -LMN lesions only-Due to destructin of anterior horns-Flaccid
paralysis
◍ CN V motor Lesion.
Answer: -Jaw deviates TOWARD side of lesion
◍ Migraine.
Answer: Abortive therapies (e.g., sumatriptan, NSAIDs); prophylaxis (e.g.,
propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)
◍ Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Answer: Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia),
vancomycin (meningitis)
◍ "Tennis racket"-shaped cytoplasmic organelles (EM) in Langerhans cells.
Answer: Birbeck granules (Langerhans cell histiocytosis)
◍ Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.
Answer: -Rupture of aneurysm or AV malformation -Worst HA of my
life-Bloody or Yellos spinal tap 2-3 days afterwards
◍ Communicating Hydrocephalus (nonobstructive).
Answer: 1. Communicating Hydrocephalus-Decreased CSF absorption =
increased ICP2. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus-Affects elderly-Triad of
"WET, WOBBLY and WACKY" = URINARY INCONTINENCE,
ATAXIA, COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION
◍ Anorexia.
Answer: Nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine
◍ Whipple Disease.
, Answer: -Infection with Tropheryma whipplei (gram +)-PAS + FOAMY
macrophages in intestinal lamina propria-Cardiac
symptoms-Arthralgias-Neurological symptoms-Foamy Whipped cream in a
CAN
◍ Neuron migration failure.
Answer: Kallmann syndrome (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and
anosmia)
◍ Hypochromic, microcytic anemia.
Answer: Iron deficiency anemia, lead poisoning, thalassemia (fetal
hemoglobin sometimes present)
◍ 2 weeks to 2 months after MI.
Answer: -Collagen deposition/scar formation-Complication of Dressler
syndrome
◍ Dementia.
Answer: Alzheimer disease, multiple infarcts (vascular dementia)
◍ hCG elevated.
Answer: Choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole (occurs with and without
embryo, and multiple pregnancy)
◍ Ocular motility.
Answer: -LR6 SO4 R3-Obliques go Opposite -Left SO and IO tested with pt
looking right -SO tested looking down (and adducted)-IO tested looking up
(and adducted)
◍ Thalamus nuclei.
Answer: -VPL: Pain, Temp, pressure, touch, vibration,
proprioception-VPM: FACE sensation and taste-LGN: Vision-MGN:
Hearing-VL: Motor (via BG and cerebellum)
◍ Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).
Answer: -Useful marker in the evaluation of cirrhotic patients who are at
risk for developing HCC
PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◍ DIC.
Answer: Severe sepsis, obstetric complications, cancer, burns, trauma, major
surgery
◍ Mutation in the factor V gene.
Answer: Factor V leiden mutation -Renders factor Va resistant to
inactivation by activated protein C
◍ Medulloblastoma.
Answer: -Second MC brain neoplasm of childhood-Cerebellum, often at the
VERMIS-Homer-Wright Rosettes-Primitive neuroectodermal tumors-Bad
prognosis
◍ Right-sided Colon Cancers.
Answer: Usually grow as exophytic masses and present with occult bleeding
and symptoms of iron deficiency anemia
◍ Osteoporosis.
Answer: Calcium/vitamin D supplementation (prophylaxis);
bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin,denosumab (treatment)
◍ Pseudopalisading tumor cells on brain biopsy.
Answer: Glioblastoma multiforme
◍ Esophageal Squamous Carcinoma.
Answer: - RFs are cigarette smoking and alcohol use -Also N-nitroso
containing foods like BETEL NUTS
◍ Botuliumn toxin MOA.
, Answer: -Inhibits Ach relase from presynaptic neurons-DECENDING Sk
muscle paralysis
◍ Osteomalacia.
Answer: Digestive disorders such as cholestasis can cause malabsorption
and nutritional deficiencies of hte fat-soluble vitamins (ADEK). This may
result in osteomalacia, which is frequently associated with vitamin D
definiency
◍ Stress incontinence.
Answer: -Laughing, sneezing, lifting-Due to loss of uretheral support
◍ Streptococcus bovis.
Answer: Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to
endocarditis
◍ SIADH.
Answer: Small cell carcinoma of the lung
◍ "Waxy" casts with very low urine flow.
Answer: Chronic end-stage renal disease
◍ Rickettsia rickettsii.
Answer: Doxycycline, chloramphenicol
◍ Fall on the outstretched hand.
Answer: Damages the hook of the hamate -Can result in Ulnar never injury
◍ Constrictive pericarditis.
Answer: TB (developing world); idiopathic, viral illness (developed
world)-Chronic condition in which the normal pericardial space is replaced
by a thick, fibrous shell that restricts ventricular volumes-Impaired right
ventricular filling leads to increased JVP and often results in positive
Kassmaul sign-Kassmaul sign: Increase in JVP on inspiration instead of
normal decrease (negative intrathoracic pressure not transmitted to heart)
◍ Osteomyelitis.
Answer: S. aureus (most common overall)
,◍ Malignant hyperthermia.
Answer: Dantrolene
◍ Pancreatitis (acute).
Answer: Gallstones, alcohol
◍ Poliomyelitis.
Answer: -LMN lesions only-Due to destructin of anterior horns-Flaccid
paralysis
◍ CN V motor Lesion.
Answer: -Jaw deviates TOWARD side of lesion
◍ Migraine.
Answer: Abortive therapies (e.g., sumatriptan, NSAIDs); prophylaxis (e.g.,
propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)
◍ Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Answer: Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia),
vancomycin (meningitis)
◍ "Tennis racket"-shaped cytoplasmic organelles (EM) in Langerhans cells.
Answer: Birbeck granules (Langerhans cell histiocytosis)
◍ Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.
Answer: -Rupture of aneurysm or AV malformation -Worst HA of my
life-Bloody or Yellos spinal tap 2-3 days afterwards
◍ Communicating Hydrocephalus (nonobstructive).
Answer: 1. Communicating Hydrocephalus-Decreased CSF absorption =
increased ICP2. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus-Affects elderly-Triad of
"WET, WOBBLY and WACKY" = URINARY INCONTINENCE,
ATAXIA, COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION
◍ Anorexia.
Answer: Nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine
◍ Whipple Disease.
, Answer: -Infection with Tropheryma whipplei (gram +)-PAS + FOAMY
macrophages in intestinal lamina propria-Cardiac
symptoms-Arthralgias-Neurological symptoms-Foamy Whipped cream in a
CAN
◍ Neuron migration failure.
Answer: Kallmann syndrome (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and
anosmia)
◍ Hypochromic, microcytic anemia.
Answer: Iron deficiency anemia, lead poisoning, thalassemia (fetal
hemoglobin sometimes present)
◍ 2 weeks to 2 months after MI.
Answer: -Collagen deposition/scar formation-Complication of Dressler
syndrome
◍ Dementia.
Answer: Alzheimer disease, multiple infarcts (vascular dementia)
◍ hCG elevated.
Answer: Choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole (occurs with and without
embryo, and multiple pregnancy)
◍ Ocular motility.
Answer: -LR6 SO4 R3-Obliques go Opposite -Left SO and IO tested with pt
looking right -SO tested looking down (and adducted)-IO tested looking up
(and adducted)
◍ Thalamus nuclei.
Answer: -VPL: Pain, Temp, pressure, touch, vibration,
proprioception-VPM: FACE sensation and taste-LGN: Vision-MGN:
Hearing-VL: Motor (via BG and cerebellum)
◍ Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).
Answer: -Useful marker in the evaluation of cirrhotic patients who are at
risk for developing HCC
