Last minute Revision // Pharmacology
//Final Exam Review Questions and
answers // Test Bank.
A patient is prescribed a beta blocker for hypertension. Which best describes the primary action
of beta blockers in the body?
A. They increase heart rate and contractility by stimulating beta receptors
B. They block beta-1 receptors in the heart, reducing heart rate and cardiac output ✔️✔️
C. They cause vasoconstriction by activating alpha receptors
D. They increase renin secretion from the kidneys
A nurse is teaching a patient about diuretics. Which medication is most likely a loop diuretic?
A. Spironolactone
B. Hydrochlorothiazide
C. Furosemide ✔️✔️
D. Mannitol
Which statement best describes the mechanism of ACE inhibitors?
A. They block calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle
B. They inhibit conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II ✔️✔️
C. They increase sodium retention in the kidneys
D. They directly stimulate aldosterone release
A patient taking insulin shows symptoms of sweating, confusion, and tremors. What is the first
action?
A. Give long-acting insulin
B. Administer oral glucose or IV dextrose ✔️✔️
C. Restrict fluids
D. Give a beta blocker
Which drug class is most associated with the risk of dry cough as a side effect?
A. Calcium channel blockers
B. ACE inhibitors ✔️✔️
C. Loop diuretics
D. Beta agonists
What is the main action of metformin in type 2 diabetes?
A. Stimulates insulin secretion from pancreas
B. Decreases glucose production in the liver ✔️✔️
C. Increases carbohydrate absorption in intestine
D. Blocks insulin receptors
1
,Which insulin type has the fastest onset of action?
A. NPH insulin
B. Regular insulin
C. Rapid-acting insulin ✔️✔️
D. Long-acting insulin
A patient is taking warfarin. Which lab value should be monitored?
A. aPTT only
B. INR ✔️✔️
C. Hemoglobin only
D. Blood glucose
Which antidote is used for acetaminophen overdose?
A. Naloxone
B. Acetylcysteine ✔️✔️
C. Vitamin K
D. Atropine
Which medication is classified as a proton pump inhibitor?
A. Ranitidine
B. Omeprazole ✔️✔️
C. Magnesium hydroxide
D. Metoclopramide
What is the main effect of atropine?
A. Decreases heart rate
B. Increases parasympathetic activity
C. Blocks acetylcholine receptors ✔️✔️
D. Stimulates dopamine release
Which antibiotic class is known for causing photosensitivity?
A. Penicillins
B. Tetracyclines ✔️✔️
C. Aminoglycosides
D. Cephalosporins
A patient is prescribed morphine. What is the most serious side effect to monitor?
A. Hypertension
B. Respiratory depression ✔️✔️
C. Increased appetite
D. Tachycardia
Which drug is used to reverse opioid overdose?
A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone ✔️✔️
2
,C. Diazepam
D. Loratadine
Which medication is used for asthma as a rescue inhaler?
A. Salmeterol
B. Albuterol ✔️✔️
C. Budesonide
D. Montelukast
What is the main action of statins?
A. Increase LDL cholesterol
B. Inhibit cholesterol synthesis in liver ✔️✔️
C. Increase triglyceride absorption
D. Block bile acid secretion
Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with loop diuretics?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia ✔️✔️
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypercalcemia
A patient is taking lithium. What is important to monitor?
A. Liver enzymes
B. Serum lithium levels ✔️✔️
C. Blood glucose
D. Platelet count
Which drug is used for anxiety and works on GABA receptors?
A. Fluoxetine
B. Diazepam ✔️✔️
C. Haloperidol
D. Sertraline
Which medication is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)?
A. Amitriptyline
B. Sertraline ✔️✔️
C. Phenelzine
D. Lithium
A patient taking digoxin should be monitored for which toxicity sign?
A. Blurred vision and yellow halos ✔️✔️
B. Increased appetite
C. Excessive sweating
D. Hair loss
3
, Which drug is used to treat tuberculosis?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Isoniazid ✔️✔️
C. Azithromycin
D. Ciprofloxacin
Which medication is used to treat Parkinson’s disease?
A. Levodopa ✔️✔️
B. Haloperidol
C. Diazepam
D. Metformin
Which drug is commonly associated with “red man syndrome”?
A. Vancomycin ✔️✔️
B. Penicillin
C. Erythromycin
D. Doxycycline
What is the mechanism of action of heparin?
A. Activates vitamin K
B. Enhances antithrombin III activity ✔️✔️
C. Inhibits platelet production
D. Dissolves clots directly
Which medication is used to treat hypothyroidism?
A. Methimazole
B. Levothyroxine ✔️✔️
C. Propylthiouracil
D. Insulin
A patient on corticosteroids is at risk for which complication?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Immunosuppression ✔️✔️
C. Bradycardia
D. Hyperkalemia
Which drug is used for emergency allergic reactions?
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Epinephrine ✔️✔️
C. Loratadine
D. Montelukast
Which medication is a benzodiazepine?
A. Diazepam ✔️✔️
B. Haloperidol
4
//Final Exam Review Questions and
answers // Test Bank.
A patient is prescribed a beta blocker for hypertension. Which best describes the primary action
of beta blockers in the body?
A. They increase heart rate and contractility by stimulating beta receptors
B. They block beta-1 receptors in the heart, reducing heart rate and cardiac output ✔️✔️
C. They cause vasoconstriction by activating alpha receptors
D. They increase renin secretion from the kidneys
A nurse is teaching a patient about diuretics. Which medication is most likely a loop diuretic?
A. Spironolactone
B. Hydrochlorothiazide
C. Furosemide ✔️✔️
D. Mannitol
Which statement best describes the mechanism of ACE inhibitors?
A. They block calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle
B. They inhibit conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II ✔️✔️
C. They increase sodium retention in the kidneys
D. They directly stimulate aldosterone release
A patient taking insulin shows symptoms of sweating, confusion, and tremors. What is the first
action?
A. Give long-acting insulin
B. Administer oral glucose or IV dextrose ✔️✔️
C. Restrict fluids
D. Give a beta blocker
Which drug class is most associated with the risk of dry cough as a side effect?
A. Calcium channel blockers
B. ACE inhibitors ✔️✔️
C. Loop diuretics
D. Beta agonists
What is the main action of metformin in type 2 diabetes?
A. Stimulates insulin secretion from pancreas
B. Decreases glucose production in the liver ✔️✔️
C. Increases carbohydrate absorption in intestine
D. Blocks insulin receptors
1
,Which insulin type has the fastest onset of action?
A. NPH insulin
B. Regular insulin
C. Rapid-acting insulin ✔️✔️
D. Long-acting insulin
A patient is taking warfarin. Which lab value should be monitored?
A. aPTT only
B. INR ✔️✔️
C. Hemoglobin only
D. Blood glucose
Which antidote is used for acetaminophen overdose?
A. Naloxone
B. Acetylcysteine ✔️✔️
C. Vitamin K
D. Atropine
Which medication is classified as a proton pump inhibitor?
A. Ranitidine
B. Omeprazole ✔️✔️
C. Magnesium hydroxide
D. Metoclopramide
What is the main effect of atropine?
A. Decreases heart rate
B. Increases parasympathetic activity
C. Blocks acetylcholine receptors ✔️✔️
D. Stimulates dopamine release
Which antibiotic class is known for causing photosensitivity?
A. Penicillins
B. Tetracyclines ✔️✔️
C. Aminoglycosides
D. Cephalosporins
A patient is prescribed morphine. What is the most serious side effect to monitor?
A. Hypertension
B. Respiratory depression ✔️✔️
C. Increased appetite
D. Tachycardia
Which drug is used to reverse opioid overdose?
A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone ✔️✔️
2
,C. Diazepam
D. Loratadine
Which medication is used for asthma as a rescue inhaler?
A. Salmeterol
B. Albuterol ✔️✔️
C. Budesonide
D. Montelukast
What is the main action of statins?
A. Increase LDL cholesterol
B. Inhibit cholesterol synthesis in liver ✔️✔️
C. Increase triglyceride absorption
D. Block bile acid secretion
Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with loop diuretics?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia ✔️✔️
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypercalcemia
A patient is taking lithium. What is important to monitor?
A. Liver enzymes
B. Serum lithium levels ✔️✔️
C. Blood glucose
D. Platelet count
Which drug is used for anxiety and works on GABA receptors?
A. Fluoxetine
B. Diazepam ✔️✔️
C. Haloperidol
D. Sertraline
Which medication is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)?
A. Amitriptyline
B. Sertraline ✔️✔️
C. Phenelzine
D. Lithium
A patient taking digoxin should be monitored for which toxicity sign?
A. Blurred vision and yellow halos ✔️✔️
B. Increased appetite
C. Excessive sweating
D. Hair loss
3
, Which drug is used to treat tuberculosis?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Isoniazid ✔️✔️
C. Azithromycin
D. Ciprofloxacin
Which medication is used to treat Parkinson’s disease?
A. Levodopa ✔️✔️
B. Haloperidol
C. Diazepam
D. Metformin
Which drug is commonly associated with “red man syndrome”?
A. Vancomycin ✔️✔️
B. Penicillin
C. Erythromycin
D. Doxycycline
What is the mechanism of action of heparin?
A. Activates vitamin K
B. Enhances antithrombin III activity ✔️✔️
C. Inhibits platelet production
D. Dissolves clots directly
Which medication is used to treat hypothyroidism?
A. Methimazole
B. Levothyroxine ✔️✔️
C. Propylthiouracil
D. Insulin
A patient on corticosteroids is at risk for which complication?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Immunosuppression ✔️✔️
C. Bradycardia
D. Hyperkalemia
Which drug is used for emergency allergic reactions?
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Epinephrine ✔️✔️
C. Loratadine
D. Montelukast
Which medication is a benzodiazepine?
A. Diazepam ✔️✔️
B. Haloperidol
4
